THE TECHNOLOGY THE TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION INTEGRATION

PLANNING MODELPLANNING MODEL

This model “gives teachers a general approach to addressing challenges involved in integrating technology into teaching”.

“The TIP Model provides a helpful guide on procedures and issues to address.”

AN OVERVIEW OF THE TIP AN OVERVIEW OF THE TIP MODELMODEL

AN OVERVIEW OF THE TIP AN OVERVIEW OF THE TIP MODELMODEL

“Each of the model’s five phases outlines a set of planning and implementation steps that help ensure technology use will be efficient and successful in meeting needs.”

Phase 1Determine the

Relative Advantage

Phase 2Decide onObjectives

Phase 3Design

IntegrationStrategies

Phase 4Prepare theInstructionalEnvironment

Phase 5Evaluate and

Revise IntegrationStrategies

Recognize relative advantagePhase 1 Questions

What is the problem I am addressing?Do not focus on technologiesLook for evidence

Do technology-based methods offer a solution with sufficient relative advantages?

PHASE 1: DETERMINE PHASE 1: DETERMINE RELATIVE ADVANTAGERELATIVE ADVANTAGE

Estimate the impact

Consider the required effort and expense

PHASE 1: DETERMINE PHASE 1: DETERMINE RELATIVE ADVANTAGERELATIVE ADVANTAGE

Example outcomes, objectives, and assessmentsHigher achievement, cooperative work, attitude, and improved outcome

Phase 2 QuestionsWhat outcomes do I expect from using the new methods? Focus on results, not process

PHASE 2: DECIDE ON PHASE 2: DECIDE ON OBJECTIVES AND OBJECTIVES AND

ASSESSMENTSASSESSMENTS

Make a statement observable and measurable

What are the best ways of assessing these outcomes?Use written test to assess skill achievement outcomes

Use evaluation criteria checklists to assess complex tasks or products

Use rubrics to assess complex tasks or products

PHASE 2: DECIDE ON PHASE 2: DECIDE ON OBJECTIVES AND OBJECTIVES AND

ASSESSMENTSASSESSMENTS

Use Likert scale-type surveys or semantic differentials to assess attitude outcomes

Use observation instruments to measure frequency of behaviors

PHASE 2: DECIDE ON PHASE 2: DECIDE ON OBJECTIVES AND OBJECTIVES AND

ASSESSMENTSASSESSMENTS

Deciding on teaching/learning methodsUse directed and constructivist strategies

Phase 3 QuestionsWhat kinds of instructional methods are needed in light of content objectives and student characteristics?

PHASE 3: DESIGN PHASE 3: DESIGN INTEGRATION STRATEGIESINTEGRATION STRATEGIES

Content approachGrouping approach

Whole class, individual, pairs, and small group

How can technology best support these methods?Refer back to Phase 2

How can I prepare students adequately to use technologies?Prepare and teach students before graded product

PHASE 3: DESIGN PHASE 3: DESIGN INTEGRATION STRATEGIESINTEGRATION STRATEGIES

Essential conditions for effective technology usesAdequate hardware, software, and media

Time to use resourcesSpecial needs of studentsPlanning for technology use

PHASE 4: PREPARE THE PHASE 4: PREPARE THE INSTRUCTIONAL ENVIRONMENTINSTRUCTIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Phase 4 QuestionsWhat equipment, software, media, and materials will I need to carry out the instructional strategies?ComputersCopies of software and mediaAccess to peripheralsHandouts and other materials

How should resources be arranged to support instruction and learning?

PHASE 4: PREPARE THE PHASE 4: PREPARE THE INSTRUCTIONAL ENVIRONMENTINSTRUCTIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Access by students with disabilitiesPrivacy and safety issues

What planning is required to make sure technology resources work well?TroubleshootingTest-runs and backup plans

PHASE 4: PREPARE THE PHASE 4: PREPARE THE INSTRUCTIONAL ENVIRONMENTINSTRUCTIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Evaluation issuesWere objectives achieved?What do students say?Could improving instructional strategies or the environment improve results?

Have I integrated technology well?Phase 5 Questions

PHASE 5: EVALUATE AND REVISE PHASE 5: EVALUATE AND REVISE INTEGRATION STRATEGIESINTEGRATION STRATEGIES

How well has the technology integration strategy worked?Achievement and attitude dataStudents’ comments

What could be improved to make it work better?SchedulingTechnical skillsEfficiency

PHASE 5: EVALUATE AND REVISE PHASE 5: EVALUATE AND REVISE INTEGRATION STRATEGIESINTEGRATION STRATEGIES