The Symbolic Qualia Ken Asada Humanoid Science Conf.
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Transcript of The Symbolic Qualia Ken Asada Humanoid Science Conf.
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Mirror neurons
Gallese V., Fadiga L., Fogassi L., Rizzolatti G. (1996) Action recognition in the premotor cortex. Brain 119: 593-609.
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Psychological Time and Space
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Geldard, F.A., and Sherrick, C.E., 1972, "The Cutaneous 'rabbit': a perceptual illusion," Science, 178, pp.178-9.
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100 ms in physicaltime~ a moment inpsychological time
physical and psychological time
physicaltime t
psychological timeτ
d τ = 0 d τ = 0
d τ = 0
d τ = 0
d τ = 0
d τ = 0
d τ = 0
(Synapτic) Inτeracτion Sim ulτaneiτy
Mogi, K. (1999)
compacτificaτion
qualia
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TMSKamitani et al.
timeTMS
a ÇÇ ÇÉ
a ÇÇ ÇÉ
100ms
time
physicalstimulus
subjectiveexperience
temporal filling in
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physical timet=0 t=50ms t=100ms
Conscious Percept
neural activities over 100 ms is mapped into a moment in psychological time
= =
V1(early vision)
V4(color)IT(form)
informationpropagation
psychological time
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0 ms ÇTÇO ms ÇPÇOÇO ms
psychological time
consciouspercept
At a moment in physical time, there are neural activitiescorresponding to multiple moments in psychological time
physical time
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0 ms ÇTÇO ms ÇPÇOÇO ms
psychological time
consciouspercept
physical time
intentionalsimultaneity
sensorysimultaneity
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Two elements of psychological time
sensory simultaneity
intentional simultaneity
・ is described by synaptic interaction simultaneity・ compactifies spatio-temporarily distributed neuralactivities into sensory qualia.
・ complements sensory simultaneity in the formationof percepts・ gives rise to spatial structures in perception
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The intentionaland sensory qualia
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intentional qualia
of “a man walking”
sensory qualia of white dotsin a black background
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Sensory qualia; blacks and whites
Intentional qualia; a Dalmatian
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Dallenbach’s cow
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Sensory qualia; blacks and whites
Intentional qualia; a cow
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Aha! Experience
Moony FaceVarela, F. et al. Nature 1999
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shape, object
space, movementintentional qualia
prefrontal
parietal
inferio-temporal
Integration of senseand motor. Attentioncontrol. Self-awareness
intentional qualia
sensory qualia
visual qualianeural activitiesstarting from area V1
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The Symbolic Mind.Or how our cognitiveprocesses “plug”into the symbolic
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John Haugeland
AuthenticIntentionality
What does it take to “see” ?
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What about Authentic Intentionality?
The Haugeland Thesis: In order to “see”, you need tohave a sense of social responsibility.
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Cognition of one’s own mind and other’s mind
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Gallup, GG (1970). Chimpanzees: Self recognition. Science, 167, 86-87.
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In the mirror test, mirror gazing time is maximum in thetransition period(social behavior to self-directed action)
gazing timeself-directedsocialtime passage
(Reportedly only humans, chimpanzees, Orang Utans,and dolphins pass the test)
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Povinelli, D. J. & Eddy, T. J. (1996)What young chimpanzees know about seeing. Monographs of the Society for Researchon Child Development, No 247, Vol 61.
Do chimps knowthat others see?
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Chimpanzees exhibit social behavior to the mirror images because they can’t perceive intentional states in others?
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Parrots and elephants can use the mirror tosee things otherwise invisible
Illustration by Eucaly Mogi
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The False Belief Task
Sally Ann
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time
NowOne Hour Agotake
Internal state differentfrom the present
The Photo Task Zaitchik, D. (1990). Cognition, 35, 41-68.
person Aperson B
person A
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Sally Ann
one hour ago presenttimeInternal state differentfrom the present
presentone hour ago
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The Challenge for Humanoid Science
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The Challenge of Humanoid Science