THE SPINAL COLUMN & SI JOINT

By: Camilla BrooksHuman Biology Period 2March 23, 2015

SACROILIAC JOINT

• Functional Classification• Amphiarthrotic

• Structural Classification• Symphysis joint• Between sacrum

and ilium

INTEROSSEOUS SACROILIAC LIGAMENT• Location• Deep to posterior ligament

• Looks like• Short, strong fibers

connecting tuberosities of sacrum & ilium

• Function• Keeps sacrum and ilium

together

POSTERIOR SACROILIAC LIGAMENT• Location• Connects Posterior Superior Iliac Spine & lateral crest with third and fourth segments of sacrum

• Looks Like•Series of flat bands running horizontal and vertical

• Function•Stabilizes sacroiliac joint•Limits anterior rotation/displacement of pelvic girdle

ANTERIOR LONGITUDINAL LIGAMENT• Location• Attached to upper and lower

edges of each vertebral body• Looks Like• Thick, strong ligament

• Function• Limits extension of the spine• Prevents backward and forward

movement of the vertebral bodies relative to each other

POSTERIOR LONGITUDINAL LIGAMENT • Location•Runs along the back of the vertebral bodies

• Looks Like•Narrow – where it overlies each body•Wider – gradual widening out as it covers the back of each disk

• Function•Limits flexion of the vertebral column

LIGAMENTUM FLAVUM

• Location•Front of laminae•Runs between the lamina from the axis to the sacrum

• Looks Like•Thick yellowish fibro-elastic tissue

• Function•Connects laminae •Serve as covering over the spinal cord

INTERSPINOUS LIGAMENT• Location•Run from lower edge of one spinous process to the upper edge of the next one

• Looks Like•Thick and broad

• Function•Limits flexion of the vertebral column

SUPRASPINAS LIGAMENT• Location

•Merged with Interspinous ligaments•Connects the tips of the spinous processes•Spans from 7th cervical vertebra to the sacrum

• Looks Like•Long, thick ligamentus cord•Deepest fibers adjoin Interspinous ligament and connect vertebrae

• Function•Limits flexion of the vertebral column

LIGAMENTUM NUCHAE• Location• Cranially - extends from

occipital protuberance to posterior border of foramen magnum

• Caudally – extends from occipital protuberance to 7th cervical spinus process

• Looks Like• Thick supraspinus ligaments

• Function• Limits flexion of head & neck• Provides attachment surface for

dorsal muscles of the neck

WHIPLASH

• What•When neck is suddenly/violently jolted in 1 direction, then another•Sprain or strain of neck•Facet Capsules - torn

• Why• Car accidents• Falls• Sporting Injuries

• Symptoms• Pain/stiffness of neck • Headache at base of skull• Dissiness

• Rehabilitation• Stay moving• Physical therapy• Chiropractic manipulation• Ice/Heat

BULGING DISC/SLIPPED DISC

• What• Tear in outer, fibrous ring of intervertebral disk• Allows central portions of vertebrae to bulge beyond

• Why• Aging• Degenerate disc disease• General wear/tear

• Rehabilitation• Pain meds• Physical Therapy• Corticosteroid injections• Surgury if extreme