THE SOCIAL DETERMINA

NTS OF HEALTH

& THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM

Animated  menu  slide  

█  Judge  Denise  Navarre  Cubbon,  Chief  Administra2ve  Judge    Lucas  County  Juvenile  Court  

█  Yinethia  Brown,  Program  Director    Louisville  Youth  Advocate  Programs  

█  Shaena  Fazal,  Esq.,  Na2onal  Director  for  Public  Policy  and  Communica2ons,  Youth  Advocate  Programs    

1  

OVERVIEW

█  Introduc2o

n  and  Road

map  

█  Jeremiah  &  

Yinethia  (an

d  supports!

)  

█ Lucas  Cou

nty  Juvenile

 Court  

█ Youth  Ad

vocate  Prog

rams  (YAP)  

2  

ABOUT LUCAS COUNTY JUVENILE COURT

█ Toledo  —  County  seat  of  Lucas  County,  OH  

█ 27%  Minority  popula2on*  

█ Approximately  23%  <  18  years  old  

█ Approximately  21%  Lucas  County  residents  lived  below  poverty  level  (2010-­‐2014)  

█ 12,231  cases  in  2016  

2016  Annual  Report  link  3  

OUR APPROACH TO YOUNG PEOPLE IN OUR COURT █ Ensure  Public  Safety.  

█ Protect  the  Children  of  the  Community.  

█ Preserve  Families  by  Suppor2ng  Parents  and  Intervening  only  when  it  is  in  the  Best  Interest  of  the  Child  and/or  the  Community.  

█ Work  with  the  Community  to  Develop  and  Enforce  Standards  of  Responsible  Behavior  for  Adults  and  Children.  

█ Ensure  Balance  Between  Consequences  and  Rehabilita2on  while  Holding  Offenders  Accountable  for  Their  Ac2ons.  

█ Efficiently  and  Effec2vely  Operate  the  Services  of  the  Court.   4  

HOW DO WE SEE SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AFFECTING THE YOUNG PEOPLE IN OUR COURT AND HOW DO WE HELP THEM? █ Evidenced  based  Screening  &  Assessments  

█ Best  Prac2ce  Services  

█ Reentry  Services  

█ Family  Engagement  

█ Con2nuum  of  Community  based  Service  Delivery  

█ Community  Partnerships  

█ Through  Equity,  Fairness  &  Public  Safety  Lens  

 

*  5  

YOUTH ARE A RESOURCE POSITIVE INTERVENTIONS WHICH EFFECT BEHAVIOR CHANGE

Bues,  Jeffrey  A.,  Gordon  Bazemore,  &  Aundra  Saa  Meroe  (2010).    6  

THE FRAMEWORK OF POSITIVE YOUTH JUSTICE █ Work:    

█ Educa2on:    

█ Health:    

█ Rela2onships:    

█ Community:    

█ Crea2vity:    

Na2onal  Council  on  Crime  and  Delinquency  (2015).  Posi%ve  Youth  Development  in  Juvenile  Jus%ce.  Power  Point  presenta2on;  Muntu  Mbonisi     7  

ABOUT YAP

█ 42-­‐year  ol

d  non-­‐profi

t    

community-­‐based

 organiza2o

n    

█ Dedicated

 to  the  dein

s2tu2onaliz

a2on  of  

young  peop

le  through  

intensive,  in

dividualized

 

support  of  y

oung  peopl

e  and  their

 families  in  

the  contexts

 of  their  hom

e  communi2e

s.    

█ Located  in

 22  states  +

 DC;  100  pro

grams;    

13k  kids  and

 families  

█ Commitment  to

 policy  and  s

ocial  change

 

8  

9  

YAP’S SERVICE DELIVERY PRINCIPLES AND COMPONENTS █ Accept  all  kids  and  adopt  “no  

reject”  policies  

█ Be  available,  accessible  and  flexible  

█ Voice,  choice  &  ownership  

█  Individualize  services  for  each  youth  

█ Ensure  family-­‐focused  services  

█ Take  a  strength-­‐based  approach  

█ Cultural  competency  

█ Engage  youth  in  work  and  future  economic  opportuni2es  

█ Priori2ze  safety  and  crisis  planning  

█ Uncondi2onal  caring  (no-­‐eject  policies)  

█ Create  opportuni2es  for  civic  engagement  and  giving  back  

█ Cul2vate  long-­‐term  connec2on  to  community  

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YAP’S APPROACH

█ Wraparound  

█ Advocacy  

█ Focus  on  highest  risk  /  need  

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KEY SOCIAL DETERMINANT: RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITIES

█ Black  youth  are  four  @mes  as  likely  as  white  youth  to  be  placed  out  of  the  home;  

█ La2no  youth  are  one  and  a  half  to  two  @mes  more  likely  to  be  placed  out  of  the  home    

█ Na2ve  American  young  people  are  3.7  2mes  more  likely  to  spend  2me  in  an  out  of  home  placement  as  white  youth.  

█ Taken  together,  race  and  gender  also  illustrate  disparate  treatment.  for  example,  girls  of  color  are  twice  as  likely  as  white  girls  to  be  incarcerated.  

█ Black  boys  are  perceived  as  more  dangerous  than  white  counterparts  from  the  age  of  10  

Photo  cred:  The  Atlan%c    

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BLACK GIRLS IN THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM █ Seen  as  less  likely  to  need  protec2on,  nurturing  

and  support  

█ Seen  as  more  independent  

█ Know  more  about  sex  and  other  adult  topics  

█ 20x  more  likely  than  white  girls  to  be  formally  pe22oned  

█ “the  percep(on  of  Black  girls  as  less  innocent  and  more  adult-­‐like  may  contribute  to  more  puni(ve  exercise  of  discre(on  by  those  in  posi(ons  of  authority,  greater  use  of  force,  and  harsher  penal(es”  

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YAP’S APPROACH TO REDUCING DMC

YAP’s  approach  to  cultural  competence  and  zip  code  recruitment  of  staff  can  help  with  DMC  by  targe2ng  the  most  high-­‐risk  youth  and  zip  codes  with  high  incarcera@on  and  confinement  rates.  

█ Ft.  Worth,  Chicago  examples  

█ Million  dollar  blocks  

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YOUTH VOICE

A  YAP  ini2a2ve:  

█ Vocalize  █ Organize  

█ Inform  

█ Collaborate  █ Educate   15  

DOES IT

WORK?

Yes.  Both  p

rac2ce  and

 data  tell  us

 that  it  does

 

16  

DATA: COMMUNITIES CAN SAFELY SERVE « HIGH RISK » YOUTH IN THE COMMUNITY From  John    Jay  April  2014  Issue  brief  “Most  High  Risk  Youth  Referred  to  Youth  Advocate  Programs,  Inc.  Remain  Arrest  Free  and  in  their  Communi2es  During  YAP  Par2cipa2on”    

3,523  YAP  youth    

█ 90%  had  some  prior  legal  disposi2on  

•  Of  these,  30%  had  prior  felonies  •  21%  had  at  least  one  prior  out-­‐of-­‐home  placement  

█ 86%  were  arrest-­‐free  while  in  the  program  

█ 93%  were  living  in  the  community  at  the  2me  of  discharge  from  YAP  (so  even  if  they  had  been  arrested,  they  were  not  commieed  or  recommieed)  

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DATA: HIGH RISK YOUTH CAN SUCCEED AFTER DISCHARGE FROM COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAM From  John  Jay  June  2014  Issue  brief  “YAP  Helps  To  Keep  Youth  Out  Of  Secure  Facili2es  And  Living  In  Their  Communi2es”  

1,851  YAP  youth  post-­‐discharge    

Between  six  and  12  months  auer  their  discharge  from  YAP:  

█ More  than  87%  living  in  the  community  

█ Less  than  5%  in  secure  placement  

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NEW STUDY from the OFFICE OF

JUVENILE JUSTICE

DELINQUENCY PREVENTION

 

█ UTSA  

•  improved  connectedness  of  YAP  youth  to  their  teachers;  

•  improved  connectedness  of  YAP  youth  to  their  schools,  including  increased  aeendance;  

•  greater  efforts  to  secure  employment;  and  •  a  sta2s2cally  significant  and  large  decrease  in  the  

youth's  most  serious  disposi2on.      

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THANK YOU!

Q&A

CONTACTS

█ Yinethia  B

rown,  Prog

ram  Director,  Lo

uisville  

Youth  Advo

cate  Progra

ms,  

ywbrown@yapin

c.org,  (502)

548-­‐7099  

█  Judge  Den

ise  Navarre

 Cubbon,  Ch

ief  

Administra2ve  Ju

dge,  Lucas  C

ounty  Juven

ile  

Court,    (419

)  213-­‐6744  

█ Shaena  F

azal,  Esq.,  Y

AP  Na2onal

 Director  fo

r  

Public  Policy

 and  Communica

2ons,  

sfazal@yapin

c.org,  (202)

594-­‐6893  

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