The Skeleton From the Greek, meaning “dried up” 20% of body mass Bones, Joints, Cartilage,...
-
Upload
jenna-turrill -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of The Skeleton From the Greek, meaning “dried up” 20% of body mass Bones, Joints, Cartilage,...
The Skeleton
From the Greek, meaning “dried up”
20% of body mass
Bones, Joints, Cartilage, Joints, & Ligaments
Frontal • Frontal sinus
• supra-orbital ridge (margin)
• supra-orbital foramen (or notch)
• frontal suture (usually only present in fetal skull)
• coronal suture (between frontal and anterior border of parietals)
Temporal
• squamous portion
• external acoustic (auditory) meatus
• mastoid process
• styloid process
• petrous portion
• zygomatic process
Ethmoid
• perpendicular plate
• crista galli
• cribriform (horizontal) plate
• superior and middle concha
• sinuses
Facial bones
• Paired bones
• Maxillae
• Zygomatic
• Nasals
• Lacrimals
• Palatines
• Inferior conchae
• Unpaired bones
• Mandible
• Vomer
Maxilla & Palatine Bones• sinus
• alveolar ridge (margin)
• infra-orbital foramen
• palatine processes
Ribs
• True Ribs – First 7 pairs (connect to sternum directly)
• False Ribs – last 5 pairs – Floating ribs – the last
two false ribs are called floating ribs because they don’t attach in the front at all
Sternum • Manubrium • suprasternal
(jugular) notch • sternal angle • body • xiphoid process • clavicular notch
Vertebrae: • Lamina• Pedicles• Centrum• spinous process• superior and inferior
articulatingprocesses
• vertebral foramen• intervertebral foramen
Vertebrae: Continued• Cervical Vertebrae (7)
– bifid spinous process – transverse foramina – C1 = atlas – C2 = axis with odontoid process
• Thoracic (12) – downward sharp spinous process – articulating facets on centrum and
transverse processes for ribs
• lumbar (5) – massive centrum – short, wide spinous process
• Sacral: (5) fused – sacral canal – auricular surface – sacral foramen – median sacral crest – sacral hiatus – sacral promontory – apex
• Coccyx: (1-4) fused
Appendicular Skeleton• Pectoral Girdle• Clavicle - sternal end,
acromial end • Scapula
– Spine– supraspinatus fossa, – infraspinatus fossa– acromion process – coracoid process– vertebral border– axillary border– glenoid cavity
Humerus• Head • Neck:
surgical/anatomical • Greater/ Lesser tubercle • Intertubercular groove • Deltoid tuberosity • Epicondyles -
medial/lateral • Trochlea • Capitulum • Coronoid fossa • Olecranon fossa
Ulna• Olecranon process
• Trochlear notch
• Radial notch
• Coronoid process
• Styloid process
• Head
Bones of the Wrist and Hand
• Carpals - 8 wrist bones
• Metacarpals - 5 hand bones
• Phalanges - 14 finger bones
Male Pelvis / Female Pelvis
Larger, heavier
Heart -shaped
Deep pelvis
Tilted forward
< 90 degree angle
• Smaller, lighter
• More oval
• Shallow pelvis
• Flared more
• >90 degree angle
FEMUR• Head • Neck • Greater trochanter • Lesser trochanter • Shaft• Linea aspera • Epicondyles • Condyles • Intercondylar notch
or fossa • Patellar surface