The Skeletal System All About Bones. Do Now 10-10-14 (Fri) How many bones can you name?

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  • Slide 1
  • The Skeletal System All About Bones
  • Slide 2
  • Do Now 10-10-14 (Fri) How many bones can you name?
  • Slide 3
  • Bones to Know: Skull 1. Skull 2. Hyoid Bone Vertebral Column 3. Vertebrae Thoracic Cage 4. Ribs 5. Sternum Pectoral Girdle 6. Scapula 7. Clavicle Upper Limb 8. Humerus 9. Radius 10. Ulna 11. Carpals 12. Metacarpals 13. Phalanges Pelvic Girdle 14. Pelvis Lower Limb 15. Femur 16. Patella 17. Fibula 18. Tibia 19. Tarsals 20. Metatarsals 21. Phalanges Axial Skeleton: Appendicular Skeleton:
  • Slide 4
  • Axial and Appendicular
  • Slide 5
  • Axial Portion
  • Slide 6
  • Skull
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  • What about that Hyoid bone..
  • Slide 8
  • Vertebrate
  • Slide 9
  • Ribs
  • Slide 10
  • Sternum
  • Slide 11
  • Slide 12
  • Appendicular Portion
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  • Pelvis
  • Slide 14
  • Clavicle
  • Slide 15
  • Scapula
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  • What is the common name for the clavicle? What is the common name for the scapula?
  • Slide 17
  • Humerus
  • Slide 18
  • Radius and Ulna
  • Slide 19
  • Carpals
  • Slide 20
  • Metacarpals
  • Slide 21
  • Phalanges
  • Slide 22
  • Slide 23
  • Slide 24
  • Femur
  • Slide 25
  • Patella
  • Slide 26
  • Tibia and Fibula
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  • Slide 28
  • Tibia/Fibula vs Radius/Ulna
  • Slide 29
  • Tarsals
  • Slide 30
  • Metatarsals
  • Slide 31
  • Phalanges
  • Slide 32
  • Tarsal Bones vs Carpal Bones
  • Slide 33
  • Types of Bones
  • Slide 34
  • How many bones are there?? In a newborn there are 300!!!!!
  • Slide 35
  • How many bones are there? In an adult, that are 206!!! That is almost 100 fewer than infants.
  • Slide 36
  • What is the largest bone? The Femur!
  • Slide 37
  • What is the smallest bone?
  • Slide 38
  • Exit Ticket Name the bones listed below. 1 2 3 4 5
  • Slide 39
  • All About Bones Skeletal Disorders
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  • DO NOW Can you name any skeletal disorders? What do you know about them? What would you like to know?
  • Slide 41
  • Skeletal Disorder Assignment Research 1 Skeletal Disorder {>2 questions to find the answer to} to share with the class. There will be one question about this topic on the test.
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  • Fractures
  • Slide 43
  • Activity Create a foldable (like the one we did for the organ systems) that details the different types of fractures. Name the fracture Give the definition of the fracture Draw it Classify the difficulty to heal (how do bones heal, what process?) There are 9 different fractures
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  • Exit Ticket Which fracture do you think are the hardest to mend? Why? Which fracture do you think are the easiest to mend? Why?
  • Slide 45
  • All About Bones Males vs. Females
  • Slide 46
  • Take Notes on slides 45 -62 How can you distinguish between males and females? Dont just make a list, describe the differences.
  • Slide 47
  • Activity You are a world-renowned bone expert. You just received an urgent call from your Supervisor. He has informed you that a jogger has discovered a body in the woods. The body is nearly decayed and the police need to know if the victim is male or female.
  • Slide 48
  • Some clues There are distinct difference in the bones that distinguish males from females
  • Slide 49
  • The Pelvis Female Pelvic bones Broader sciatic notch Raised auricular surface Males Pelvic Bones Narrower sciatic notch Flat auricular surface
  • Slide 50
  • The Pelvis
  • Slide 51
  • Male or Female?
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  • Slide 53
  • Slide 54
  • Slide 55
  • Skull Male skulls 1. Larger than females 2. Larger brow ridge a. Sloping, less rounded forehead 3. Larger projections behind ears 4. Square chin 5. Greater definition of muscle attachment areas on the back of the head
  • Slide 56
  • Skull: Male
  • Slide 57
  • Skull Female 1. Smoother bone surfaces where muscles attach 2. Less pronounced brow ridges a. More vertical forehead 3. Sharp upper margins of the eyes orbits 4. Smaller projections behind the ears 5. Chin more pointed a. Larger, obtuse angle of the jaw
  • Slide 58
  • Skull: Female
  • Slide 59
  • Male or Female?
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  • Slide 61
  • Slide 62
  • Checklist for examining the skull For each category, describe what you see and determine male or female for that feature. 1. Brow ridge 2. Neck muscle attachments 3. Mastoid Process 4. Upper eye orbit margin 5. Angle of jaw 6. Chin From there you can make a better estimate as to the sex.
  • Slide 63
  • Exit Ticket What is the easiest way to determine the gender (using the skeleton) of an individual, and why?
  • Slide 64
  • Off you go!! Work in small groups to determine the sex of the skeleton. Turn in work individually!
  • Slide 65
  • All About Bones Determining Your Height
  • Slide 66
  • Do Now Which bones do you think would be the best for determining the height of an individual. Defend your answer. You must pick one bone.
  • Slide 67
  • Determining Height from Bone Length It is possible to determine the height of an individual based on the length of one bone. This is useful because sometimes all that police recover is a few bones.
  • Slide 68
  • Activity In this activity you will calculate the height of the person by looking at the 1. Bones in the arm. Which are? 2. And the bones in the leg. Which are?
  • Slide 69
  • Activity Break into groups of 4. Pick 1 person in your group to be the test subject. 2 of you will measure the arm bones 2 of you will measure the leg bones Use the appropriate equations to figure height Construct a Data Table to record and make calculations Then compare your results to actual height 1. How accurate are you to the actual height of the person? 2. Which equation is more accurate?
  • Slide 70
  • Important Equations: Arms Using the Humerus Males Height = (length of humerus x 2.9) + 27.8 Females Height = (length of humerus x 2.8) + 28.1 Using the Radius Males Height = (length of radius x 3.3) + 34 Female Height = (length of radius x 3.3) + 32
  • Slide 71
  • Important Equations: Legs Using the Tibia Males Height = (2.42 x tibia length in cm) + 81.93 Female Height = (2.90 x tibia length in cm) + 61.53 Using the femur Males Height = (2.32 x length of femur in cm) + 65.53 + 3.9 Female Height = (2.47 x length of femur in cm) + 54.10 + 3.72
  • Slide 72
  • Exit Ticket In some cases all that a forensics team has to go on is a bone. What are your conclusions regarding the level of accuracy you can obtain in predicting height based on one or two bones?