THE SCIENTISTS THAT CONTRIBUTED TO THE DEVELOPMENTS OF MODELS TO EXPLAIN THE HISTORY OF THE...
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Transcript of THE SCIENTISTS THAT CONTRIBUTED TO THE DEVELOPMENTS OF MODELS TO EXPLAIN THE HISTORY OF THE...
THE SCIENTISTS THAT CONTRIBUTED TO THE
DEVELOPMENTS OF MODELS TO EXPLAIN THE HISTORY OF
THE UNIVERSE.
Super Models Unit*Scientists*
Aristotle 384BC-322BC
• Greek Philosopher
• One of the 1st to propose ideason the universe and astronomy
• Thought Earth was round because of the shadow from the moon
Ptolemy (Greek) 83 - 161
Model of earth at center of universe (Earth-Centered Model)
Said the planets and sun orbited the earth
Used math to explain his modelHis model could accurately
predict position of the known planets (A good model can be used to make accurate predictions!)
Copernicus (Polish) 1473-1543
Model with sun at center of solar system
This model did a better job explaining observations. (Models should be able to help explain how things work; models are changed to include new information.)
This contradicted the beliefs of the church
Died with his work still dismissed.
Tycho Brahe 1546-1601DanishBelieved the moon and the
sun orbited the Earth BUT ALL other planets orbited the sun
Kepler 1571-1630
German MathematicianBuilt on Copernicus’ Sun-Centered
Model.Used math to show that orbits were
elliptical, not circular.
(Models change as new info is available.)
Galileo 1564-1642
Galileo Galilei, was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher
Was certain earth was moving but couldn’t figure out why everything stayed fixed to its surface.
In 1609 – One of the first Scientist to use telescope
Took “toy” from Holland, remodeled it and used it to look at skies; this was the telescope. (Technology influences models—allows us to gather more accurate information.)
Galileo (Italian)
If moons were orbiting Jupiter, they could not be orbiting earth This shattered church’s
model of earth at center of universe!
(Change model as new info becomes available.)
First observations made in 1609 of Earth’s moon with his telescope. (sketches)
Galileo (Italian)
Published findings Threatened with death Retracted claims
• Sentenced to confinement in his own house (for 10-15 years) with no guests; continued his studies.
Newton 1642-1727
Self Taught mathematicianImproved telescope This greatly advanced astronomy
Technology influences mental and physical models.
Newton (English)
Universal Gravitation Every piece of matter in the
universe pulls every other piece of matter towards it, and vice versa.
Laws of gravity that apply on earth also apply to rest of the universe.
Gravity depends on mass and distance.
• Described path of moon around earth, then looked beyond ; “Gravity” was the explanation
Newton (English)
Newton’s crowning achievement United all work that had preceded him about
models of the solar system/universe
Edwin Hubble 1889-1953
•American
•1924-1st to prove that galaxies exist beyond the Milky way
•The universe is more than just us
Geocentric Model
Earth-Centered Model
Moon, sun, and planets orbited the Earth
Geo - Earth
Heliocentric Model
Earth and other planets orbit the sun
Helio = sun
Ptolemy Galileo
Copernicus Newton
Kepler Hubble
Highlight the following scientists