The rural youth in Catalonia (Spain) U do 2: Youth’s role in integrated rural development (IRD),...
-
Upload
sharlene-gibbs -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
3
Transcript of The rural youth in Catalonia (Spain) U do 2: Youth’s role in integrated rural development (IRD),...
The rural youth in The rural youth in Catalonia (Spain)Catalonia (Spain)
U do 2: Youth’s role in integrated rural development (IRD), 1-3 March 2011, Nurmijärvi, Finland
Gemma EstanyLaia Espasa
SummarySummary
1.1. Catalonia: Some geographical dataCatalonia: Some geographical data
2.2. What is ARCA?What is ARCA?
3.3. Youth issues in CataloniaYouth issues in Catalonia1.1. Catalan youth policiesCatalan youth policies2.2. Characterising the Catalan youthCharacterising the Catalan youth3.3. Rural youth migrationsRural youth migrations
4.4. ODYSSEUS projectODYSSEUS project
1. CATALONIA: SOME GEOGRAPHICAL DATA
1. Some geographical data
■ Catalonia is one of the 17 autonomous communities of Spain.
■ Surface: 32.107 Km2 (6,3% of the Spanish surface)
■ Population (2011): 7.442.420 inhabitants■ Total population density: 232 inhab./Km2
MAIN FEATURES
Catalonia is the second most populated region in Spain.
Population density (2008)
Source: IDESCAT
■ Organization: Catalonia is divided into four administrative regions
There are at present 946 municipalities in Catalonia
■ Climate: Principally Mediterranean climate. The inland part show continental Mediterranean climate■ Official Languages:
■ Catalan■ Spanish■ Aranese (Occitan)
1. Some geographical data
LleidaGirona
Barcelona
Tarragona
■ Surface: 66% of the total ■ Population: 595.393 inhab.■ Population density: 19,8 inhab./km2
■ 51,8% of its municipalities
RURAL AREAS
1. Some geographical data
Rurality according to the OCDE
Source: IDESCAT
■ Forest land and agricultural land are 43,9% and 35,5%.
■ Natura 2000 Network is 29,83% of the territory; which includes 10,6% of agricultural land and 39% of forest land.
■ The agrarian rate of employment is low: 1,9%.
■ The Catalan agroindustry is the first sales sector at national level and represents the 13,1% (2007) of the total employment.
■ Primary sector production:
1. Some geographical data
RURAL AREAS
■ Agrarian sector is loosing economic and social weight.
■ Strong development of the tourist sector which has led to a dependence on the construction sector.
■ Deficiencies in accessibility to basic services and terrestrial communications network.
■ Chronic demographic crisis in small municipalities.
1. Some geographical data
RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME CATALONIA (2007-2013)
■ Rural development is not applied at all levels.
■ Rural development policies are linked mostly to the agricultural sector.
■ The economic diversification has been specially oriented to rural tourism which has saturated the sector in some areas.
1. Some geographical data
2. WHAT IS ARCA?
■ Associació d’Iniciatives Rurals de Catalunya (ARCA)
■ Since 2010, ARCA is the regional network of Local Action Groups (LAG) in Catalonia (Spain).
■ 13 LAGs (2007-2013)
■ ARCA structures its action in 4 axis: o Technical service to support LAG
groups;
o Communication and spreading of
projects, good practice and methodology;
o Representation in other organizations
and institutions;
o Participation in rural development
projects of regional interest.
3. What is ARCA?
3. YOUTH ISSUES IN CATALONIA
4. Youth issues in Catalonia
The Catalan Government has full competences on youth issues.
The National Youth Plan of Catalonia (2010-2020) is the general methodological framework.
Each municipality elaborates its own Local Youth Plan at municipal level.
CATALAN YOUTH POLICIES
7 Challenges: Education Employment Home transition Health Personal development and associativism Culture Social and territorial cohesion
7 Challenges: Education Employment Home transition Health Personal development and associativism Culture Social and territorial cohesion
4. Youth issues in Catalonia
4. Youth issues in Catalonia
The Catalan Government has full competences on youth issues.
The National Youth Plan of Catalonia (2010-2020) is the general methodological framework.
Each municipality elaborates its own Local Youth Plan at municipal level.
Last NYP (2000-2010) empowered the social networks, promoted associativism and youth entrenchment.
CATALAN YOUTH POLICIES
Housingo Only 30,2% of youth between 16-29 years are emancipated high rents and precarious work and job insecurity.
o General priority of buying than renting a residence. Only 27,5% of the emancipated young (20-34 years) are renting.
CHARACTERISING THE CATALAN YOUTH
Specific difficulties in rural areas:
o Less renting residences.o Increased price of residences due to tourism.o Strict urban plans which not allow urban growth in some rural municipalities.
Specific difficulties in rural areas:
o Less renting residences.o Increased price of residences due to tourism.o Strict urban plans which not allow urban growth in some rural municipalities.
4. Youth issues in Catalonia
Educationo General increase of youth aged between 25-34 years with university qualifications (39,2%, 2008), specially women in rural areas.
o Less educational sources in rural areas (specially for higher education).
CHARACTERISING THE CATALAN YOUTH
16-29 years
4. Youth issues in Catalonia
Over qualification of youth between 16-29 years and population
over 29 years (2000-2009)
> 29 years
Employmento The ratio of unemployment among young people aged between 16 and 29 (37,1%) is the double than the unemployment among the rest of the population (18%), specially for women.
CHARACTERISING THE CATALAN YOUTH
4. Youth issues in Catalonia
Rate of unemployment, 15-24 years (2000-2009)
Employment
CHARACTERISING THE CATALAN YOUTH
o Precarious work and job insecurity specially for women, immigrants and early graduated.
o Lack of qualified jobs in rural areas.
Area of professional activity of youth (24-29 years, 2006):
4. Youth issues in Catalonia
Leisureo Barcelona city as the main attractor for leisure activities.o Demand of leisure activities in rural areas.
Associativismo Low participation, specially in urban areas.o Less participation of the youngest (<20 years).
Mobilityo Particularly rural youth suffer the need of mobility because education, labour and leisure activities.o Generalised use of private transport.
CHARACTERISING THE CATALAN YOUTH
4. Youth issues in Catalonia
Graduated rural youth remains in urban and peri-urban areas where they have studied.
Basically due to the lack of educative sources and jobs, problems to find a residence and the need to explore the outside world.
“Neorurals”: coming from urban areas, specially young families. Immigrants. Returned youth.
RURAL YOUTH MIGRATIONS
Inflow
4. Youth issues in Catalonia
Outflow
4. ODYSSEUS PROJECT
5. Odysseus project
Main goal:Prevent and stop rural youth exodus to urban and peri-urban areas by creating a programme which favours work placement of young rurals and their commitment to their original rural areas.
The programme wants to take action involving the principal stakeholders who influence this transition (universities and enterprises) and to raise awareness about the effects and impacts of youth migration in rural areas.
ODYSSEUS. Programme for the return and labour integration of rural youth
Target group:Young people, especially with rural origins and studying in higher education, between the age groups of 18 to 35 years.
5. Odysseus project
First stage: Construction of the model Analysis and diagnosis
Characterising rural youth and rural areas (detection of most vulnerable areas) Business in rural areas and detection of potentialities for youth Rural youth migrations Other factors which influence youth migrations
Methodology design
ODYSSEUS. Programme for the return and labour integration of rural youth
2011
5. Odysseus projectODYSSEUS. Programme for the return and
labour integration of rural youth
Second stage: Implementation
Higher education centres Rural areas enterprises and entrepreneurship nodes Network of stakeholders Awareness actions about youth migration
We look for partners!
From 2012
ARCAAssociació d’Iniciatives Rurals de Catalunya