Understanding the role of science in defining ecological limits
The role, value, and limits on public-domain S&T data and information in education
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Transcript of The role, value, and limits on public-domain S&T data and information in education
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The role, value, and limits on public-domain S&T data and information in education
Bertram C. Bruce
Graduate School of Library and Information Science
U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
September 5, 2002
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Challenge: How can education cope with change?
• New technologies for science, industry, communication, transportation, medicine, business, …
• Globalization• Immigration• Evolving languages• Shift to knowledge work• Changing social values and organizations
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"Turn of the century" changes
Possibly greater changes on each of these dimensions at the end of the 19th century
– expansion of schooling – progressive education– new subjects– research universities– American library movement
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Inquiry-based learning
learning tools that are "open-ended, inquiry-based, group/teamwork-oriented, and relevant to professional career requirements”
– NSF (1998). Information technology: Its impact on undergraduate education in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology
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Bioinformatics
• Just as astronomy was transformed through the invention of the optical telescope, and later, the radio telescope, biology is becoming a new science, one which links studies of biochemistry, genetics, cellular processes, anatomy, physiology, and evolution through the structure and properties of macromolecules (Gibas & Jambeck, 2001)
• A major tool in this transformation is Biology Workbench (Subramaniam, 1998)
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Biology Workbench
• Sequence alignment• Visualization• Digital library containing articles, images, sequences, curricula• New knowledge: potassium channels; compare sequences from
various cells, tissues, & organisms; insights into the structural correlates of ionic selectivity, permeability regulation, toxin sensitivity
• Available since June 1996• 11,000 registered users; 150,000 computing sessions a month• Biology Student Workbench
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Single site mutation in hemoglobin
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Structural consequences
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Alignment of sequences from horse, chicken, cow, vulture, dogfish, tuna, mole
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Phylogenetic tree
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Open-world learning
• open data and problems
• open computational environment
• open community
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Open world investigations
• Did Neanderthals and early humans interbreed?• Are fungi more closely related to animals than to plants?• How are whales, dolphins, porpoises, narwhals, and other marin
e mammals related?
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Paul Lock’s class
• "Projects in which students have to find things that aren’t covered in the book."
• Access to technologies that professional scientists use• Collaborative learning• Articulation of learning
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Inquiry unit: How are various cetaceans related?
• Analyze the evolutionary history of a group of organisms (whales, porpoises, …) through protein (myoglobin) sequence analysis
• Show their evolutionary relationship using phylogenic trees• Present results in a poster session
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Rooted/unrooted trees
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Cetacean relatedness
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Presentation
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Challenges & Opportunities
• Challenge: Information that is abundant, complex, rapidly changing
• Opportunity:– access to resources for inquiry– chance to learn how to cope with complexity– students part of a larger community of inquiry– eliding distinctions between
• practice/research• student/teacher• learner/researcher• learning/research
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Conclusion
• We construct our ideas of what is connected to what• How do each of us acquire the beliefs & values that shape what
we see as just, desirable, and feasible?• School and society are intimately related• Access to information is necessary for
– the growth of knowledge– for learning– but even more so for building a just and open society