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The Role Of Libraries In Improving Data Access And Use in Developing Regions

The Case for International Sharing of Scientific Data: A Focus on Developing Countries

Stephen M. Griffin/NAS Symposium/April 18-19, 2011/Washington, DC USA

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Opening Statement

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New Methods of Research and Scholarship Have Emerged

Data-Driven Science*

A rapidly growing set of applications in which analysis of large amounts of data drives the next steps taken by the scientist, e.g., running new simulations, doing additional measurements, extending the analysis to larger data collections.

eScience*

Computationally intensive science using distributed network environments for immense datasets that require grid computing; the term sometimes includes technologies that enable distributed collaboration.

Data-Intensive ResearchResearch based in part on the exploration, manipulation and analysis of massive and diverse datasets. Collaboration within and across disciplines may take a key role. Interoperable and highly contextualized datasets may be essential to success.

*Christine Borgman and Paul Young

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Map of Scientific Collaborations

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Visualizations of results is an essential tool for understanding the output of high performance computer simulations and the

analyses of vast quantities of large-scale, complex datasets

7Visualization of dark matter clusters using Los Alamos RoadRunner Petaflop Computer

813th Century Buddhist Canon in Immersive Environment

9The Digital Libraries Initiative

Supercomputer Centers Program NSFnet

Important Early Programs at NSF

Cyberinfrastructure

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Useful and Easily Accessible Data

Application tool sets

Local high performance ICT Infrastructure and data services

Internet Connectivity to remote resources (cloud services)

Opportunities and Resources for Collaborative and Interdisciplinary Work

Participation In Scholarly Communication Processes (journal access and opportunities for publication)

Researchers’ Needs for Data-Intensive Research

researchers in developing countries are at a disadvantage...

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Need to Combine Many Data Types Across Space and Time

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National libraries

University and Research Libraries

Public Libraries

Special Topic Libraries

School and Education Libraries

Private Libraries

Archives

Some Consequences/New Roles

... will be expected to carry the load

eScience, data-driven research and data-intensive research will have a major impact on all aspects of a libraries activities including collections, services, research infrastructure, staffing, professional development and more

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Source: Forbes Magazine/World Bank

Developing Countries: One View

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Role of Libraries in EnablingData-Intensive Research (1)

resource requirements

role

prio

rity

less more

high

erlo

wer

perform data life-cycleand curation services

manage data acquisitionand physical data storage

provide and maintain ICTinfrastructure

manage consortiaarrangements, partnering andinformation exchange

applications support and tool building

make data useful

facilitate scholarly communication

support outreach and training

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Out of Reach for Now

Role of Libraries in EnablingData-Intensive Research (2)

perform data life-cycleand curation services

manage data acquisitionand physical data storage

provide and maintain ICTinfrastructure

manage consortiaarrangements, partnering andinformation exchange

applications support and tool building

participate in local governance of data resources

make data useful

facilitate scholarly communication

outreach and training

- peer relationships for data sharing and access to distributed resources - remote information harvesting- advanced content management of complex large-scale data sets- research tools & support- state-of-the art ICT infrastructures- full staffing in critical specialty areas- grid access, cloud services- information infrastructure and staff to support preservation, archiving and data curation- full participation in the ongoing international dialogue

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increase staff dialog in all institutional and technical matters- form working and discussion groups that meet regularly

strive to build sense of local community and institutional pride- pursue excellence and recognition in specific areas- create new collections and services- create and “publish” a new journal highlighting local research

enhance outreach to the larger regional and global communities- support staff attendance and participation in relevant conferences and professional training events

- establish exchange programs

expand efforts to convert digital holdings to current standards and forms; build new tools and resources

pursue internal and external support from public and private sources(i.e. UNESCO, US AID, EU, NGOs, private foundations)

Local activities that would help...

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The emergence of a culture of sharing has accompanied the growth of the internet and new communities involved in creation and management of digital content and resources. The digital libraries community has been particularly instrumental. At the same time there has been a general movement toward openness of internet-based content and resources (when appropriate and legal). For example:

• Open Data• Open Access Journals*• Open Repositories and Archives• Open Source Software• Open Architectures• Open Educational Resources• Open and Transparent Governance• Open Scholarly and Practitioner Communities

Positive Global Developments

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6300 journals from more than 110 countries in more than 50 languages in the DOAJ. More than 2500 journals are providing metadata on article level, which means that more than 540.000 articles are searchable from DOAJ

On-Line, Open Access Journals

http://www.doaj.org/

http://www-958.ibm.com/software/data/cognos/manyeyes/visualizations/internet-users-4

Data Source: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.P2

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Size of Africa Compared to Other Countries

Public Domain Image

United KingdomChina

India

USA

Spain Germany

France

China

Eastern Europe

Spain

Internet Connections Information and Major Organizational Efforts.

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Target 3: Connect scientific and research centres with ICTs

World Telecommunication/ICT Development Report 2010 Monitoring the WSIS targets� , 9th Edition, 2010

International National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) Are Essential to Creating a Global Scientific Research Enterprise

By 2010, around 62 percent of countries had a national research and educational network

The band-width of countries’ national research and educational networks ranges from just a few Megabits to over 10 Gigabits

http://www.itu.int/pub/D-IND-WTDR-2010/en

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Internet2 International Partnerships

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Networks of NRENs

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NSF International Research Network Connections Program

An Office of Cyberinfrastructure program funding projects to provide network connections and services linking U.S. research networks with peer networks in

other parts of the world

ACE (America Connects to Europe)multi-gigabit bandwidth and services

Americas Lightpaths: Increasing the Rate of Discovery and Enhancing Education across the Americasoperation of network infrastructure between the US and Western Hemisphere

GLORIAD (Global Ring Network for Advanced Applications Development) cooperative partnerships with its longstanding partners across the globe

TransLight/Pacific Waveunified distributed exchange service for Research and Education (R&E) networking in the Asia-Pacific hemisphere

TransPAC3 - Asia-US High Performance International Networkingmulti-gigabit bandwidth and services

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Where Should Libraries Be in this Scheme

Hierarchy: National (NREN), Regional, Campus, End Users

http://www.geant.net/Network/RandE/Pages/home.aspx

Final Thoughts

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The Library at Alexandria, Egypt

circa 300 BCE today

Ancient Library

New Library

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Thank You