The Road to Awesome! © 2014 LanzaTech Inc. All rights reserved. Jennifer Holmgren CEO, LanzaTech.
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Transcript of The Road to Awesome! © 2014 LanzaTech Inc. All rights reserved. Jennifer Holmgren CEO, LanzaTech.
Carbon is Pervasive
Boeing 787 - a carbon-fiber plane burning carbon-based fuel
Steel
Liquid Fuels
1,3-butadiene(precursor for rubber)
Heavy Industry
Transportation Fuels
Chemical Products
Steelmaking, ferroalloy production, and other industrialprocesses use carbon as a reagent
High energy density fuels allow for cars, boats, and planes
Carbon forms the backbone of all organic chemical and material products
Polyethylene Terephthalate(PET plastic)
NutritionOur biochemistry is entirely dependent on carbon, as is all
of the food that we eat
All food contains carbon
DNA: The green is carbon.
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But Problematic when Combusted
1. http://aliciapatterson.org/stories/china%E2%80%99s-rise-creates-clouds-us-pollution
Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO2, CH4)• Combustion of carbon-containing energy sources inherently
produces CO2.
• Incomplete combustion and gas venting result in additional CO2 and CH4 emissions.
• These greenhouse gases have been identified as the primary cause of climate change.
• Greenhouse gas emissions are a global problem with global consequences.
Particulate Emissions (PM10, PM2.5)
• Carbon combustion also releases particulates into the atmosphere.• Accumulation of particulates in our air has severe consequences for
human health.• Particulates pose a local threat, and are the chief culprit of air pollution
that we can see, smell, and taste.• They are also a global problem! Studies have verified the presence of
particulates in the US that originated from fossil fuel combustion in China.1
NOx, SOx, and Hg Emissions
• Nitrous oxides, sulfur oxides, and mercury emissions are also a direct result of fossil fuel combustion.
• These emissions have a significant negative impact on human health, with a particularly strong link to respiratory illnesses.
• They are also detrimental to the local environment, as NOx and SOx are the primary cause of acid rain.
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Example: PM2.5 Readings
Daily Average PollutionThe World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines consider anything over 10 micrograms per cubic meter of PM2.5 to be hazardous to health
10 Worst Chinese Cities 10 Worst U.S Cities
Sources: Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection, American Lung Association and WHO. Simon Denver andRichard Johnson/The Washington Post. Published on February 2, 2014, 5:46 p.m.
XingtaiShijiazhuang
BaodingHandan
HengshuiTangshan
JinanLangfang
Xi’anZhengzhou
Bakersfield, CAMerced, CAFresno, CA
Hanford, CALos Angeles, CA
Modesto, CAVisalia, CA.
Pittsburgh, PAEl Centro, CA
Cincinnati, OHWashington, DCWHO guideline 10
155.2148.5
127.9127.8
120.6
114.2114.0113.8
104.2102.4
18.2
18.2
1716.216.215.3
15.21514
13.810.6
6
The Carbon Imperative
Utilize Only as Much Carbon as we Must!
Energy can be Carbon free
Wind:
Solar:
Hydro:
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Liquid Fuels & Petrochemicals
must contain
C
Efficiency: Recycle C
The LanzaTech Process
Gas Feed Stream
Gas Reception Compression Fermentation Recovery ProductTank
• Process recycles waste carbon into fuels and chemicals
• Gases are sole source of carbon and energy for the organism
• Potential to make material impact on the future energy pool (>100s of billions of gallons per year)
Novel gas fermentation technology captures CO-rich
gases and converts the carbon to fuels and chemicals
8
ProprietaryMicrobe
C
Sources of Carbon
Traditional (Virgin) Recycled or Underutilized
Get as Much Value as we Can from Every Carbon Molecule9
LanzaTech complements industries that require carbon, by reusing their residual carbon.
The process turns waste from carbon based processes into additional fuel and chemical products that require carbon.
This reduces global fossil carbon requirements by making more efficient use of carbon. It also means a net reduction in local air pollution associated with combustion of carbon-based residues.
Enabling Industrial Carbon Efficiency
The Steel Industry is one example:
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By making more efficient use of the carbon required by industry, we burn less carbon overall reducing global GHG.
On a local level, burning less carbon means lower PM, NOx, and SOx emissions.
Carbon Efficiency Means Cleaner Air
LanzaTech ethanol has lifecycle carbon emissions that are 70% less than that of fossil gasoline. The process also reduces local
PM, NOx, and SOx emissions by more than 85%.
Air Pollutant Comparison between LanzaTech Ethanol and Electricity Production from BOF Gas
FlaringPower GenerationLanzaTech Fermentation
Particulate Matter NOx SOx
g/M
J G
as
0.12
0.08
0.04
0.02
0
0.1
0.06
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2008
Many Sources of Carbon onPath to Commercialization
Tang Ming Group
2013
2012
2014 2015
• Two Demonstration facilities in China 100,000 gallon/year ethanol capacity ‒ Exceeded all production and performance milestones‒ Commercial facility approved for construction 2014
• Demonstration facility in Taiwan 12,000 gallon/year ethanol capacity with LCY and China Steel
• China commercial facility in design; financing secured
• MSW Mobile Lab in Asia demonstrated operation with a syngas stream• MSW Demonstration facility in Asia 6,000 gallon/year ethanol capacity Q4 2014• Integrated syngas to Butadiene Demonstration facility Q1 2015 in Korea with SKI
Industrial Off Gases
SynGas12
Asia
Asia
CH4Associated Gas,
Biogas
BiomassSolid WasteIndustrial, MSW,
DSW
Waste Carbon as a Resourcefor Product Synthesis
Inorganic CO2
COCO CO + H2CO + H2 CO + H2 + CO2CO + H2 + CO2 CO2 + H2CO2 + H2 CO2 + H2O + e-CO2 + H2O + e-
Fuels Chemicals
Gas Fermentation
Reforming Gasification RenewableElectricity
H2
Industrial Waste Gas
Steel, PVC, Ferroalloys
Food13
Imperial College of London
Commercialization of Aviation Fuel
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Production of jet fuel from LanzaTech ethanol demonstrated in 2012
Off-take agreement executed with Virgin Atlantic ASTM certification: Key next step
Industrial WasteBiomass
NGCoal
MSW/DSW
Syngas
2,3-BDO
AdvancedBiofuel
Butadiene
Ethanol
Global Market Size: ~4.9 million tons, ~$13 billion
Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR)
PolybutadieneRubber (BR)
Global Market Size: ~3 million tons, ~$8 billion
Global Market Size: ~8 million tons, ~$16 billion
Global Market Size: ~1.8 million tons, ~$6.9 billion
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene(ABS) Resins
Nylon 6,6(from Adiponitrile/HDMA)
Global Market Size: ~11 million tons, ~$22 billion
Butadiene: Key Chemical Intermediate
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Pyruvate
CO/H2
Acetyl-CoA
Fatty Acids,Terpenoids
Discovery LabCont.
Culture
Pilot/Demo
Ethanol
i-PropanolAcetone
3-HB
D-(-)-2,3-Butanediol
MEK
FAEE/FABE
Farnesene
1 organism, >20 products…so far!
Succinate
sec-Butanol
n-Butanol
Lactate
meso-2,3-butanediol
Acetoin
3-HP
Isoprene
1,2-PDO
Acetone
i-Propanol
Propanal
n-Propanol
Butyrate
1,3-BDO
16
CH4Associated Gas,
Biogas
BiomassSolid WasteIndustrial, MSW,
DSW
Waste Carbon as a Resourcefor Product Synthesis
Inorganic CO2
COCO CO + H2CO + H2 CO + H2 + CO2CO + H2 + CO2 CO2 + H2CO2 + H2 CO2 + H2O + e-CO2 + H2O + e-
Fuels Chemicals
Gas Fermentation
Reforming Gasification RenewableElectricity
H2
Industrial Waste Gas
Steel, PVC, Ferroalloys
Food17
CO2
H2
AcetateCarbonSource
EnergySource
2nd fermentation Patent filed, optimization underway
Conversion of Acetate to Lipids
Yeast
Algae
Hydrocarbon Transport Fuels>US $ 3 trillion/year
OleochemicalsUS $15 billion/yr
Food, Nutritional SupplementsUS $25 billion/yr
Animal FeedsUS $370 billion/yr
EnergySource
CarbonSource
• Yeast accumulate lipids to >70% of their cell mass
• Algae accumulate lipids to >50% of their cell mass• 40% of algal lipids content are Omega-3 fatty acids
(Specifically DHA)
Lipids Product Markets
18
20
Building a Sustainable Company
Capital-light Licensing Business Model
Diverse AND Flexible Feedstocks AND End Products
Extremely Competitive Production Economics
Without Incentives
Carbon Capture and Reuse can Change the View of Carbon
Leveraging Gas Fermentation Technology
Extensive Synthetic Biology Platform to Enable Future
Growth
Partnerships that Drive Customer Value and Future
Success
Combining Disruptive Technology with Business Model Innovation
Cuyahoga River: 1969
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Resulted in:Clean Water Act, 1972Great Lakes Water Quality AgreementCreation of the federal and state Environmental Protection Agencies