The Rise of Labor Unions. Employers (Power) vs. Workers Yellow Dog Contracts Blacklisting Company...
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Transcript of The Rise of Labor Unions. Employers (Power) vs. Workers Yellow Dog Contracts Blacklisting Company...
![Page 1: The Rise of Labor Unions. Employers (Power) vs. Workers Yellow Dog Contracts Blacklisting Company Towns No Job Security Child Labor Working Conditions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081511/5697c00c1a28abf838cc900d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Rise of Labor Unions
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Employers (Power) vs. Workers
• Yellow Dog Contracts• Blacklisting • Company Towns• No Job Security • Child Labor • Working Conditions • Long hours & Low
wages
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Labor Unions
• What did they do?
• Why were they needed?
• What is a closed shop?
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National Labor Union 1866
• William Sylvis 8-hour workday
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Knights of Labor
• founded~1869
• Important person ~Terence Powerly
• Who were they representing?
~Skilled and unskilled workers 1886 – 700,000 Workers
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• What did they try to accomplish?
~1st important labor organization
• Demands
~8hr day, end child labor, equal pay for equal work, safety codes, graduated income tax
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American Federation of Labor
• founded
~1886• important person
~ Samuel Gompers• Who were they
representing? ~Craft union, separate union for every skill, Excluded African Americans
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• What did they try to accomplish?
~ Working conditions, pay and control over jobs, later merged with the CIO
(Congress of Industrial Organizations)
• Why did this union last?
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American Railway Union
• founded
~1893• Important people
~Eugene V. Debs (Socialist)
• Who were they representing?
~All railway workers, regardless of craft or
service
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• What did they try to accomplish?
~Workers’ wages
~Was the largest union of its time
~The first industrial union in the United States
(Didn’t last because of its leaders)
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Strikes
• Scabs, Blacklisted, closed shop,
collective bargaining, injunction
What was the purpose?
What did people risk?
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Great Upheaval
• When it occurred1886• Where it occurredThroughout the U.S.Identify the labor union and
people involved1,500 strikes400,000 WorkersWhy were they striking?Better wagesBetter working conditionsResults of the strikeViolence
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Haymarket Riot
• When it occurred
4 May 1886
Where it occurred
Chicago
Identify the labor union and people involved
40,000 Chicago workers
Anarchists
Why were they striking?
8hr day
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• Results of the strikeUnknown person threw a bomb at policeViolenceAt least fifty dead or wounded civilians lay in the
streets60 officers lay wounded7 dead8 anarchists found guilty of murder4 hanged1 committed suicide, later the rest were pardoned
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Homestead Strike
• When it occurred~1892
• Where it occurred~Homestead, Pennsylvania
• Identify the labor union and people involved~Amalgamated Association of Iron and
Steel Workers (the AA, formed in 1876)~Henry Clay Frick – Carnegie Steel Company
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• Why were they striking?
~Protest a wage cut and working conditions
• Results of the strike
~Replacement workers hired
~Broke the union
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Pullman Strike
• When it occurred
~1894• Where it occurred
~Pullman, Illinois • Identify the labor union
and people involved
~George Pullman~Eugene Debs
~ARU – American Railway Union