The rise of hip-hop

The rise of hip-hop1What is hip hop?a musical genre consisting of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping

Hip-hop is a culture, a lifestyle with its own language, style of dress, music and mind set that is continuously evolving.

2four key stylistic elements

MCing

DJing3

Breaking

Graffiti4The origins1970s - block parties in Bronx (NYC)Isolation of the percussion breaks of popular songs

5DJ kool hercone of the most popular DJs in early 70s New Yorkswitched from using reggae records to funk, rock and discobegan extending percussive breaks using an audio mixer and two records

6The first hip hop record is widely regarded to be The Sugarhill Gang's "Rapper's Delight", from 1979

71980sintense diversification in hip hophighly metaphoric lyrics rapping over complex, multi-layered beats

Grandmaster Flash8New schoolthe second wave

influenced by rock music

shorter songs so they could gain more radio play

the Beastie Boys' 1986 album Licensed to ill was the first rap album to hit #1 on the Billboard charts

9Golden agebetween the mid 1980s and the early 1990scharacterized by its diversity, quality, innovation and influencea time "when it seemed that every new single reinvented the genre" (Rolling Stone)

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Eric B. & Rakim

Public Enemy11Gangsta rapreflects urban crime and the violent lifestyles of inner-city youths

popularized by Ice-T and N.W.A.

more violent, openly confrontational, and shocking lyrics

incessant profanity and, controversially, use of the word "nigger"

Ice-T

12N.W.A's Straight Outta Comptonfirst blockbuster gangsta rap albumestablished West Coast hip hop as a vital genreestablish LA as a legitimate rival to hip hop's long-time capital, NYCfirst major controversy regarding hip hop lyrics ("Fuck Tha Police)

131990sMC Hammer hit mainstream success with Please Hammer, Don't Hurt 'Em.The album raised rap music to a new level of popularityIt was the first hip-hop album certified diamond by the RIAA

14Hip hop became the best selling music genre by the mid 1990s

By the late 1990s hip hop was artistically dominated by the Wu-Tang Clan

hip hop became an integral part of popular music, and many American pop songs had hip hop components.

15West coast hip hopDr. Dre (a former member of N.W.A.) released The Chronic in 1992

The album took West Coast rap in a new direction influenced by funk artists and easy funk beats with slowly drawled lyrics (G-funk)

G-funk dominated mainstream hip hop for several years

16Death Row Records

Los Angeles-based label

rivalry with New York Citys Bad Boy Records

Dr. DreSnoop DogTupac Shakur

17East coast hip hopNoted for its emphasis on lyrical dexterity

In the early-1990s, the Wu-Tang Clan revitalized the New York hip hop scene

The productions of RZA, particularly for Wu-Tang Clan, became influential due to the combination of:somewhat detached instrumental loopshighly compressed and processed drums gangsta lyrical content

18The success of artists such as Nas and Notorious B.I.G. during 1994-95 cemented the status of the East Coast Nas's debut album Illmatic has been noted as a creative high point of the East Coast hip hop scene

Nas19HIP-HOP FEUDa rivalry that is manifested by each slandering and confronting the other in a number of waysThe most notable one was between Tupac and Notorius BIG

202000sThe popularity of hip hop music continuedDr. Dre produced The Marshall Mathers LP by EminemIt sold over ten million copies in the United Statesthe fastest selling album of all time

21Eminemthe best selling artist of the 2000sten number one albums on the Billboard 200sold 86 million records worldwide the only rapper to have two diamond-certified albumsreceived 13 Grammy Awards

22Hip hop influences also found their way into mainstream pop during the mid 2000sNo.1 hit Nelly featuring Kelly Rowland Dilemma

23in the later 2000s that alternative hip hop finally secured a place within the mainstreamthe crossover success of artists such as OutKast, Kanye West, and Gnarls Barkley

Gnarls Barkley (Danger Mouse & Cee Lo Green)24outkastAlbum Speakerboxxx/The Love Belowreceived high acclaim from music criticsmixed numerous musical genres rock, R&B, punk, jazz, indie, country, pop and gospel sold more than 11 million units (certified diamond)won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year

25Kanye westachieved recognition for his work on Jay-Z's album The BlueprintHis style of production originally used pitched-up vocal samples from soul songs incorporated with his own drums and instrumentsLater on broadened his musical palette and expressing influences encompassing '70s R&B, baroque pop, trip hop, arena rock, folk, alternative, electronica, synth-pop, and classical music

26His five solo albums, all of which have gone platinum, have received numerous awards and critical acclaimwon a total of 14 Grammy Awardsalso runs his own record label GOOD Music, home to artists such as John Legend, Common and Kid CudiRanked one of the top MCs and producers in the game

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George Bush doesnt care about black people..(2005)

EMAs 2006

VMAs 200928Jay-zthe cultural triumph of hip hop

went from performing artist to label president, head of a clothing line, club owner, and market consultant

-One of the most financially successful hip hop artists and entrepreneurs in the US

-recieved 13 Grammy Awards

-holds the record for most number one albums by a solo artist on the Billboard 200 (11)

29"a master of the flowfast rhythms and vocal delivery known to write lyrics in his headperformance style described: ..he rarely breaks a sweat, and instead uses smoothness and clever wordplay to keep the audience interested and entertained

30married to American R&B singer Beyonc Knowles

the most powerful couple in the TIME magazine's list of 100 most influential people

31POLITICSBlack nationalism in the 1970s and early 1980sProminent black nationalist artists include Tupac Shakur, Public Enemy, N.W.A, Brand Nubian, Sister Souljah and Big Daddy Kane

Jay-Z got actively involved in politics during the 2008 presidential campaign as an early supporter for the candidacy of Illinois senator Barack Obama

Kanyes open dissatisfaction with George W. Bush

32CONSCIOUS HIP HOPdiscusses social issues and conflicts

Themes include religion, aversion to violence, culture, the economy, or simple depictions the struggles of ordinary people

Audience largely underground

Few commercially successful artists such as:The RootsLupe FiascoMos Def

33GLOBALIZATION OF HIP HOPThe music and the art continue to embrace, its transnational dimensions while staying true to the local culturesIn developing world, it has come to represent the empowerment of the disenfranchised and a slice of the American dream

UK: Dizzee RascalIsrael: Subliminal ( Zionist themes)Germany: Bushido (Nazi)France: Kery James (anti-authoritarian)

34SALESIn the 1990s, there were 3 rap albums that were certified diamond

In the 2000s there were also 3 rap albums certified diamond, but also 3 rap albums that were the top-selling albums of the yearThe Eminem Show (2002)Get Rich or Die Tryin (2003)Tha Carter III (2008)

35In 2005 rap sales dropped 44%, and declined to 10% of all music salesBut despite the fall in record sales, hip hop artists are still topping the Billboard 200 chartIn the first half of 2009 alone artists such as Eminem, Rick Ross, The Black Eyed Peas, and Fabolous all had albums that reached the #1 positionIn 2010, Eminem's Recovery was the 2nd best selling album in the world, with 5.8 million units soldLove the way you lie featuring Rihanna was the 2nd best selling single in the world with 8.260 million units sold.

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DrakeNicki MinajKid CudiLil Wayne37...WE GON RUN THIS TOWN...

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