REDD Panama 2011 - Heraclio Herrera / Pueblos indigenas REDD Panamá
The REDD+ compatible wood fuel value chain approach
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Transcript of The REDD+ compatible wood fuel value chain approach
The Energy LandscapeHow biomass-based fuels could contribute to REDD+ and
maintain the integrity of a landscape.Arend van der Goes, COP 21, Paris, 6 December 2015
BackgroundIn June 2014, SNV Netherlands Development Organisation published its REDD+ Compatible Wood-fuel Value Chain Approach. In essence it concerns a three-step process to counter the all too familiar setting of deforestation & degradation of forests where extraction of wood far outstrips the regenerative capacity of forests:
1. Analysing who’s who among the entire energy value chain and what the main factors are that are precluding biomass energy to become renewable
2. Identifying alternatives to the business as usual scenario
3. Assessing and choosing an intervention befitting of three criteria (3E Principle, developed by CIFOR):
i. The intervention is effective in reducing greenhouse gas emissionsii. The intervention is cost efficientiii. The intervention is socially equitable
Wood-fuel approach in practiceThe approach was inspired by SNV projects in Ghana (fish smoking in mangrove areas), Burkina Faso (Dolo beer brewing in savannah areas) and Democratic Republic of Congo (charcoal making in tropical forests, with Hanns Seidel Foundation and CIRAD). In turn, the approach informed larger scale programs such as Burkina Faso’s Biomass Energy NAMA (funded by NAMA Facility) and DRC’s Integrated REDD+ program (funded by African Development Bank).
Plantation & tree management
Transformation
Alternative biomass sources
Controlling trade
Organising the value chain
Energy efficient consumption
Switching energy sources
Revaluing wood energy
Institutional mitigation measures
Risks
REDD outcomes: Reduced emissions
Carbon effectiveness
Cost efficiency
Socio-economic equity
Transformation
Transport
Production
Retail
Consumption
REDD outcomes: co-benefits
The SNV approach
Efficient trade and transport
Strengths & weaknessesThese experiences highlighted both strengths and weaknesses. Strengths include the extension of the concept to other biomass based energy sources and the ability to use the approach in various stages of the program cycle: planning, (monitoring) implementation and evaluation.
The main weakness lay in the analytical section which initially excluded other land uses like agriculture that often go hand in hand with deforestation for energy needs.
Wood-fuel in the landscapeIn 2015 SNV developed its landscape approach allowing for a more coherent and inclusive analysis of emission and poverty factors. By implication, more creative solutions cutting across sectors become apparent. These aim to reinforce the integrity of a given landscape.
An example is the integrated REDD+ program in DRC. In the city of Kananga, brick firing is the leading cause of deforestation (photo 1), ahead of agriculture and domestic cooking. It supplies the construction sector, which in turn is pushed by school construction and other public buildings, inspiring the domestic housing sector to switch massively to wood fired bricks as well.
Project solutionsThe project solutions are:
1. Switch to stabilised, pressed brick- making not requiring fuel (photo 2), thus decreasing pressure on the forest
2. Switch fuels using rice waste, another biomass based fuel (this depends upon the start of a large rice project in the area, which so far has been delayed)
3. Promote fuel-wood plantations (currently facing land tenure difficulties and likely to be combined with agroforestry)
The purpose is to offer a menu of choices to people that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, create livelihood opportunities, and maintain or contribute to the resilience of landscapes.
For further informationContact SNV Global REDD+ & Climate Smart Agriculture Coordinator, Richard McNally, [email protected] visit www.snv.org/REDD
Photo 1: Brick firing in the DRC Photo 2: Stabilised, pressed brick-making centre not requiring fuel