The Qur’ân Vocabulary Software: some Examples of Etymological notices _____________________
description
Transcript of The Qur’ân Vocabulary Software: some Examples of Etymological notices _____________________
The Qur’ân Vocabulary Software: some Examples of Etymological notices
_____________________
Catherine PENNACCHIOCERMOM, INALCO, Paris (France)
Institut universitaire Rachi, Troyes (France)
ESF Exploratory Workshop, Oslo 21-23 June 2013« Breaking the Grounds for an Arabic Etymological Dictionary »
PLAN:
1. The database2. How to write an
etymological notice ?3. Some examples
The database
4 tables :• The tables of the roots (1756 roots)• The table of the grammatical categories (5126)• The table of all the words of the Quran (52204)• The table of the Qur’anic text and translations
Elaborated with the Lexicon of the Qur’ân of CAbd al-Bāqī :
al-MuCğam al-mufahras li-ᵓalfāẓ al-Qurᵓān al-Karīm
TheTable of the roots (1756)
The Table of the grammatical categories (5126)
The Table of all the words (52204)
The Qur’ân Vocabulary- Arabic
– Quranic text– Automatic transliteration of verses
- English and French translation of verses
- Dictionary- Etymology- and more…
Definition
Etymology :It is the science that studies the origin of words, as far as possible
back in the past, until what we called : the etymological root, the base from which derives the word.
The origin can be of 3 types:- the natural evolution of the word- borrowing from another language - Proper development : neologism
How to write an etymological notice ?
- Pelio Fronzaroli « Etymologies » Aula Orientalis (2005) : Etymology is an history of words
- French CNRS Website: http://www.atilf.fr/tlf-etym/ Two parts : history and origin
http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/maboul
MABOUL, MABOULE, adj. et subst.Étymol. et Hist. 1860 subst. (Pitre Chevalier, Le prix d'un noeud
d'épée, chap. «L'esprit d'un maboul (idiot)», Musée des familles, juillet, p. 306 ds Fr. mod. t. 19, p. 301); 1879 adj. (Huysmans, Soeurs Vatard, p. 50).
Empr. à l'ar. mahbul «fou, sot stupide» ( < habila «devenir ou être fou, déraisonner» Dozy t. 2, p. 745), mot également passé en sabir (1830, Dict. de la langue franque ou petit mauresque ds Sain. Lang. par., p. 500: maboul, fou).
Etymology of Arabic words:- Grammatical form
- Root
- History of the word (datation : when and where did it appear for the First time)
References:
- Origin :– Semitic root– Foreign word– Neologism (or Arabic development)
References:
- Other semitic languagesAkkadian, Ugaritic, Hebrew, Aramaïc, Syriac, South Arabian, Ethiopien
baˁīr: « camel, beast of burden »
Grammatical form: n. m.Root: b-ˁ-rHistory of the word: Qur’an (2x) (12.65) ; (12.72).The two qur’anic verses seems directly inspired from the Bible, at it refers to the same
passage of the story of Joseph, Gn (45.17), where we find the same Hebrew word bəˁīrḵem « your beasts ».
According to A. Jeffery, the Prophet or his informants had heard that word in the history of Joseph, from a Jewish or Christian source. It would pass into the Qur'ān and then get specialized with the meaning of « camel », as it is the only beast of burden in Arabia. Joseph Horovitz p. 192, underlines the fact that in the Bible, it was an « ass » as in Gn (44,3.13), and in the Qur'ān it became a « camel ».
Origin: Common SemiticFor the SED p. 73-75, it is common semitic, as widely spread in semitic languages.
Other semitic languages: Akk. bēr, bīr « young bull » (jeune taureau) ; Heb. bəˁīr ; Judeo.Aram.p. bəˁīr, Judeo.Aram.b. bəˁīrā’
« beast », Syr. bəˁīrā’. South Arabian bˁr « beast, particularly cames » (bétail, en particulier chameaux). It is not attested in Ugaritic
Références: DRS, p. 75
ğalāᵓ : « exile »
Grammatical form: n. m.Root: ğ-l-w/y « se manifester, apparaître, émigrer, s’exiler »
History of the word: hapax legomenon Qur’an (59-3).In the Qur’ān, ğalāᵓ is used in a Jewish context to describe the exodus of a Jewish tribe – the al-Naḍīr
– driven out of the Prophet’s strongholds near Medina. Sura 59 was revealed at that occasion. In later works (Ibn Khaldūn and in IbnʿAṭiyya’s Tafsīr), it is spelled both ğalāᵓ and ğalwa. The spelling
with -wa points to an orthographic borrowing from Aramaic, typical in the Qur’ān (as: zakawt / zakāt “alms”; ṣalaw / ṣalāt “prayer”; ḥayawt / ḥayāt “life ”).
Neither Lane, nor Dozy, nor Kazimirski included ğalwa in their lists.Re: http://bcrfj.revues.org/6643
Origin: Lexical borrowing from the Hebrew gōlā, gālut, a concept specific to Judaism.
Other semitic languages: akk. galū can. phén. gly héb. gālā aram. gəlā ar. ğalā « émigrer, s’exiler »Re: DRS, p. 120-121. GLW/Y.
uğāğ: « bitter, salt (water) »
Grammatical form: adj.
Root: ᵓĞĞ, ağğa : être ardent (feu), courir (autruche), être saumâtre (eau)
History of the word: Qur’an (3x) (25-53; 35-12; 56-70)
uğāğ relates to saltwater of the sea that opposes to fresh water.
Origin: Arabic dev.References: Zammit p. 69 ; DRS ;
Other semitic languages: 1.akk. agâgu « être enflammé, être en colère » ; arab. Ağğa « être ardent (feu) » 2. arab. « être
amère, saumâtre (eau) »References: DRS
Thank you for your attention_______________________
Soon released on :
http://www.objectif-transmission.org/