THE PROJECT——FAT & FIBRE

By Sherry & Helen-K & Ennie

Are these kinds of food healthy if you eat them every day?

Whenever you eat them, you are surely aware that they contain a lot of fats.

But what on earth are fats?

What are Fats?Fats are importance as long-term energy store. The fat is stored under the skin and around the heart and kidneys. One gram of fat releases more than twice as much energy than can be released from one gram of carbohydrate or protein. When we are short of energy our body uses the fat. And fats are made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Each fat molecule is made up of one molecule of glycerol.Fats are also good thermal insulators, since they cut down heat loss. Fats also give buoyancy to marine animals, for example whales have a thick layer of blubber. Good sources are butter, cheese, fat in meats and fish, nuts.

The importance of fats• Vitamins A,D,E,and K are fat-soluble, meaning they can only

be digested, absorbed, and transported in conjunction with fats. Fats are also sources of essential fatty acids an important dietary requirement.

• Fats play a important role in maintaining healthy skin and hair, insulating(隔热的 ) body organs against shock, maintaining body temperature, and promoting healthy cell function.

• Fats also serve as energy stores for the body, containing about 37 kilojoules per gram (8.8 kcal/g). They are broken down in the body to release glycerol and free fatty acids. The glycerol can be converted to glucose by the liver and thus used as a source of energy.

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• Fat also serves as a useful buffer towards a host of diseases. When a particular substance, whether chemical or biotic—reaches unsafe levels in the bloodstream, the body can effectively dilute—or at least maintain equilibrium of—the offending substances by storing it in new fat tissue. This helps to protect vital(very important) organs, until such time as the offending substances can be metabolized and/or removed from the body by such means as excretion, urination, accidental or intentional bloodletting, sebum excretion, and hair growth.

• While it is nearly impossible to remove fat completely from the diet, it would also be unhealthy to do so. Some fatty acids are essential nutrients, meaning that they can't be produced in the body from other compounds and need to be consumed in small amounts. All other fats required by the body are non-essential and can be produced in the body from other compounds.

Don’t eat too many fats!!!• If you eat too many, you will become like this:

Fibre: The special nutrient we need• Dietary fibre or roughage comes from plants. It is made

up mainly of cellulose from plant cell walls. Although it cannot be digested, it is an important part of the diet. High-fibre foods include bran cereals, cabbage, sweetcorn and celery.

• Fibre adds bulk to our food. Since it is not digested, it passes down the entire gut from mouth to anus and does not provide any energy.

• The muscles of the gut wall need something to push against. Fibre helps the movement of food in the alimentary canal by peristalsis so preventing constipation. Fibre absorbs poisonous wastes from bacteria in our gut. Many doctors believe that a high-fibre diet lowers the concentration of cholesterol in the blood. Fibre reduces the risk of heart disease and bowel cancer.

Quiz!!!

•What are fats?•What are fats made from?• Is it correct to lose weight by on diet(means eat less or not eat the fat)?

•Why are fats important?•What are fiber? •What is the function of fibre?

Thank you!!!