The Printer Working Group · •PWG Full Standard •Normatively differs from IPP/1.1, so version...

The Printer Working Group

Copyright © 2018 The Printer Working Group. All rights reserved. The IPP Everywhere and PWG logos are registered trademarks of the IEEE-ISTO.

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IPP 2018 State of the Union – 3D PrintingJuly 26, 2018Paul Tykodi, Tykodi Consulting Services LLCPWG IPP Working Group – Co-Chair

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®Agenda

• Introduction• IPP Technologies Overview• Capabilities• Other Resources• What's New in 2018• 3D Related Liaisons• Opportunities to Contribute• Questions

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Introduction


®What is IPP?

The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) is a secure, high-level printing protocol originally developed 20 years ago that is supported by almost all printers sold today.

• Used over traditional wired and wireless networks, Wi-Fi Direct, and USB.

• Core protocol for AirPrint, IPP Everywhere, Mopria, and Wi-Fi Direct Print Services.

• Semantics and data model were also used as the basis for Bluetooth BPP and Windows XPS printing.


®IPP Features

• IPP provides a descriptive, extensible high-level protocol for expressing:• Printer information (identification, location, etc.) • Printer capabilities descriptions (supported media sizes and

types, 2-sided printing, finishing operations, etc.)• User intent via a Job Ticket (number of copies, media size,

media type, stapling, etc.)• Printer and Job status information (media low/empty, toner

low/empty, paper jams, job waiting for input, etc.)

• Direct and indirect printing.

• Encrypted (TLS/HTTPS) communications, authentication, and access control.


®IPP 2D Traditional Use Cases

• Personal printing : letters, reports, presentations, photos, etc.

• Corporate printing : "follow me" printing where jobs are submitted to a central server and released at a nearby printer, various kinds of local print accounting, etc.

• Managed printing : remote print accounting, remote job processing, print-on-demand for saved documents, etc.

• Light production printing : small runs of books or other large reports, banners, brochures, signs, etc.

• Cloud (or isolated network) printing : personal printing to an accessible service with jobs printing locally


®IPP 3D Use Cases

• Print a 3D Object : choose to print a 3D object being viewed

• Print a 3D Object Using Loaded Materials: select the materials the target printer should use to print the 3D object chosen

• Print a 3D Object With Multiple Materials: application on client workstation develops instructions for the printer regarding when to pause printing of the 3D object to allow for a change of materials

• View a 3D Object Being Printed – visually monitor progress of a print job through a web application

• Cloud Printing : ability to accept processing instructions from a submitter and then pass them through correctly to the target printer



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IPP Technologies Overview


®IPP Technologies

• IPP Foundations : IPP/1.1 and IPP/2.0• IPP Service Types

• Print• FaxOut• Scan• System• 3D Print

• IPP 3D Feature Capabilities• Marker Supplies (Ex. Filament, Granules, Liquids, Powders, Reservoirs)

• Trimmers

• Additional Protocol Features• IPP Event Notifications and Subscriptions• IPP Shared Infrastructure Extensions• IPP Transaction Based Printing Extensions


®IPP Foundations: IPP/1.1 and IPP/2.0

• IPP/1.1• IETF STD 92• RFC 8010 (2017) - IPP/1.1 Encoding and Transport

• Replaced RFC 2910 (2000)• RFC 8011 (2017) - IPP/1.1 Model and Semantics

• Replaced RFC 2911 (2000)• Designated as Internet Standard STD 92 in June 2018

• IPP/2.0• PWG Standard 5100.12-2015

• PWG Full Standard• Normatively differs from IPP/1.1, so version 2.x• Three levels: IPP/2.0, IPP/2.1, IPP/2.2

• For different classes of devices

• IPPS• RFC 7472 (2015)

• Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) over HTTPS Transport Binding and the ’ipps’ URI Scheme


®IPP Everywhere (PWG 5100.14)

• An IPP Print service supporting a vendor-neutral “driverless” print solution

• Foundational requirements for all Clients and Printers to ensure basic interoperability:• Discovery via mDNS / DNS-SD• “_print” subtype of “_ipp._tcp” for filtering• IPP/2.0• PWG Raster and JPEG document formats

• PDF optional

• Printer Certification via IPP Everywhere Self-Certification program• Submitted passing certification lists product on the PWG IPP

Everywhere page• 272 SKUs currently certified, with more on the way


®IPP System (PWG SYSTEM-2019)

• In development – expected to be completed in 2018 and approved in 2019

• Service for interfacing with the IPP System object• Container that hosts instances of IPP Printer, FaxOut, Scan, 3D

Print service objects• Operations create, manage and delete these objects

• Get-Printers operation lists all available Printers• With authentication, list will contain only those Printers

available for that particular user


®IPP 3D Print : PWG 5100.21-2017

• Extends IPP with additional 3D printing attributes to bring IPP semantics and infrastructure and some design elements of IPP Everywhere to the 3D printing ecosystem

• Required document format : 3MF

• Service subtype and default resource path definition

• First version of IPP 3D Printing Extensions focused on supporting elements used in consumer / desktop FDM printers

• Initial set of 20 material types (PLA and variants, ABS, wax, gold, titanium, chocolate, a few others)

• Ongoing liaison engagement with 3MF Consortium, ISO IEC JTC1, ASTM F42/ISO TC261, AMSC, SME, others



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Capabilities


®Evolution of 2D Capabilities Definitions

• Evolution from keyword/enum-based attributes to the more contemporary collection-based attributes

• “finishings-supported” → “finishings-col-database”

• “media-supported” → “media-col-database”

• Allows the Printer to provide detailed, precise descriptions of its capabilities to a Client, to better support preview and for Client-side preflight checks

• Not based on “magic numbers” and a-priori knowledge

• 'staple-top-left' in “finishings-col-ready” provides the Printer's definition of 'staple-top-left', including the location of the staple relative to a specific reference edge, its size, rotation, etc.



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Other Resources


®IPP Large System Support

• IPP Transaction Based Printing Extensions : PWG 5100.16-2013• User Accounts vs. Payment/Billing Accounts• PIN/Passcode Printing Release Printing• Priority of Service• Job Review

• IPP Shared Infrastructure Extensions : PWG 5100.18-2015• Enables IPP communications between an IPP Output Device

and an IPP Print service in topologies where the IPP Print service is unable to initiate communications

• e.g. when the IPP Print Service is a cloud print service and the IPP Output Device is behind a NAT router


®Guidance on Implementation

• IPP/1.1 Implementor's Guide : RFC 3196 (2001)• Targeted at assisting the creators of IPP Printers

• IPP Implementor's Guide v2 : PWG 5100.19-2015• Targeted at assisting the creators of IPP Clients as well as

Printers• Examines many of the common interactions between IPP

Clients and Printers and qualitatively judges them, with best practices outlined


®Sample Implementations and Tools

• PWG Github Site : https://istopwg.github.io• ippsample: Sample implementations

• ipptool : submit IPP operations, validate responses• ippserver : simulate an IPP Printer• ippfind : find IPP printers easily• ipptransform : convert files

• ippeveselfcert : IPP Everywhere Self Certification Tools project• Report defects, request enhancements, contribute to the

project



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What's New in 2018


®What's New in 2018

• IPP Get-User-Printer-Attributes• New operation to enable per-user IPP capabilities (print policy)

• IPP Presets• IPP attribute that bundles together a set of Job Template

Attributes with a localizable label and an optional attribute trigger to apply the settings in a batch

• IPP Privacy Attributes• Defines attributes for specifying the privacy policies of

Document, Job, Printer, and Subscription objects.


®2018 Work In Progress – 3D Specific

• IPP 3D Printing Extensions 1.1• Made 3MF CONDITIONALLY REQUIRED for Printers that do

Slicing, RECOMMEND support for a standard layered format otherwise

• Added new attributes• "material-nozzle-diameter" and "material-retraction"

member attributes added to "materials-col"• "platform-shape" Printer Description attribute• "chamber-humidity" and "chamber- temperature" Job

Template attributes• Defined a naming convention for standard "material-type"

values for extensibility similar to MSN2 (PWG 5101.1)

• PWG Safe G-Code Subset for 3D Printing• Defines a "safe" subset of G-code for use in 3D printing with

IPP along with the capabilities and parameters needed to allow a client to generate G-code compatible with the printer.



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3D Related Liaisons


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America Makes & ANSI Additive Manufacturing Standardization Collaborative (AMSC)

• America Makes – Quoted From their web site: • “Established in 2012 and based in Youngstown, Ohio, America Makes is the

flagship Institute for Manufacturing USA, the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation, infrastructure of up to 45 Institutes to follow and is driven by the National Center for Defense Manufacturing and Machining (NCDMM).”

• America Makes is a membership driven public – private partnership. While it collaborates with SDO’s (Standards Developing Organizations), it does not develop standards itself. Much of the information created as part of different America Makes sponsored projects is only made available to paying members.

• America Makes & ANSI Additive Manufacturing Standardization Collaborative (AMSC) –https://www.ansi.org/standards_activities/standards_boards_panels/amsc/Default?menuid=3. The IEEE-ISTO Printer Working Group is participating in the AMSC initiative.

• The AMSC Version 2.0 Work Effort is scheduled to conclude in June 2018 with the publication of the updated 2.0 AMSC roadmap

http://www.ncdmm.org/

https://www.ansi.org/standards_activities/standards_boards_panels/amsc/Default?menuid=3


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RAPID + TCT Conference April 23rd-26th, 2018 in Ft. Worth, TX

• SME profiled the work of AMSC via a Forum on Tuesday April 24th, 2018 from 2:15 to 4:15 pm• PWG was represented by Paul Tykodi at RAPID on April 24th, 2018• Mr. Tykodi was invited to present on the topic “IEEE-ISTO PWG IPP

Working Group: Process-Declaring Workflow Intent and Querying Device Capabilities”

• SME unveiled their new ITEAM Concept at the RAPID + TCT Conference. Introductory meeting held Mon April 23rd, 2018

• “The group agreed on the need and that SME is uniquely positioned to serve as theunbiased, trusted 3rd party in the AM community. To further that effort, SME will standup the Additive Manufacturing Consortium for the Independent Technical Evaluation ofAdditive Manufacturing (ITEAM). This consortium will include industry thought leadersfrom various industries. ITEAM, with the support of the Florida Institute of Technology(FIT), will create a platform to enable inquiry and analysis, education, communityforums, and training. This provides an unbiased assessment of AM technology,materials, processes and equipment for AM users and adopters.”


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ISO/IEC JTC 1 3D Printing and Scanning Study Group

• 32nd Meeting of ISO/IEC JTC 1, 2-6 October 2017 in Vladivostok, Russia• “Resolution 11 – Establishment of JTC 1/WG 12 on 3D

Printing and Scanning Contingent upon approval of a relevant NWIP, JTC 1 establishes JTC 1 Working Group 12 on 3D Printing and Scanning with the following Terms of Reference:

• 1. Serve as a focus of and proponent for JTC 1’s standardization program on 3D Printingand Scanning.

• 2. Develop ICT related foundational standards for 3D Printing and Scanning upon whichother standards can be developed.

• 3. Develop other 3D Printing and Scanning standards that are built upon thefoundational standards when relevant ISO and IEC committees that could address thesestandards do not exist or are unable to develop them.

• 4. Identify gaps and opportunities in 3D Printing and Scanning standardization.• 5. Develop and maintain liaisons with all relevant ISO and IEC committees as well as

with external organizations that have interests in 3D Printing and Scanning.• 6. Engage with 3D Printing and Scanning communities to raise awareness of JTC 1

standardization efforts and provide an open platform for discussion and furthercooperation.

• 7. Develop and maintain a list of existing 3D Printing and Scanning standards producedand standards development projects underway in ISO TCs, IEC TCs and JTC 1.”


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ISO/IEC JTC 1 3D Printing and Scanning Study Group

• 32nd Meeting of ISO/IEC JTC 1, 2-6 October 2017 in Vladivostok,Russia - continued• “JTC 1 appoints Byoung Nam Lee to serve as Convenor of JTC 1

Working Group 12 on 3D Printing and Scanning.• To continue to progress the topic of 3D Printing and Scanning in a

timely manner, the Study Group on 3D Printing and Scanning willremain in place, with Byoung Nam Lee as Convenor, pending theapproval of an NWIP. Once an NWIP has been approved, the StudyGroup on 3D Printing and Scanning is disbanded and the JTC 1Working Group 12 Convenor will work with ITTF to formallyestablish Working Group 12 within the ISO system.”



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Opportunities to Contribute


®Opportunities for Contributions

• Extend IPP Everywhere™ certification to cover other IPP service types

• Tools to qualify the correctness of an IPP Client implementation

• Test coverage of individual “features” beyond IPP Everywhere™

• IPP 3D implementations in open source 3D printer firmware and clients

• Others?


®More Information

To contact contributors or officers of the PWG IPP Workgroup, to get a listing of links to completed specifications and work in progress, visit the PWG IPP Workgroup Web page:

https://www.pwg.org/ipp/

https://www.pwg.org/ipp/


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®Other Questions / Comments

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The Printer Working Group · •PWG Full Standard •Normatively differs from IPP/1.1, so version...

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