The Periodic Table of Elements. History of the Periodic Table 1869 : Dmitri Mendeleev Considered the...

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The Periodic Table of Elements

Transcript of The Periodic Table of Elements. History of the Periodic Table 1869 : Dmitri Mendeleev Considered the...

The Periodic Table of Elements

History of the Periodic Table

• 1869 : Dmitri Mendeleev

• Considered the father of the periodic table of elements

• Periodic - happening at regular intervals

Mendeleev’s Table

• Organized by atomic mass

• Was able to predict the existence of the element Ge based on its properties

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Families of the Periodic Table

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Alkali Metals

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• Group 1 or IA

• Single e- in outer energy level (valence e-)

• Soft, Silvery white & Shiny

• The most reactive metals

• Never found “free” in nature (always in a cmpd)

• Soaps are formed when alkali metals react with fat

What does MacGyver think about alkali metals???

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Alkali metals react violently with water.

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Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 2 or IIA

• Have 2 valence e-

• Not as reactive as alkali metals

• Produce strong, lightweight alloys

• Never found “free” in nature

BerylliumMagnesiu

mCalcium

Strontium Barium Radium

Transition Metals

Good Conductors of heat & electricity

Good Conductors of heat & electricity

Have lusterHave luster

Form compounds in a variety of ways

Form compounds in a variety of ways

Brightly coloredBrightly colored

Transition Metals

Groups 3-12

Transition Metals

Groups 3-12

Common Transition Metals

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Steel

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Gold & Silver

The Halogen Family

• Group 17 or VII A

• Have 7 valence e--

• Never found free in nature

• The most reactive non-metals

• Form salts when they combine with metals

FF

ClCl

BrBr

II

Properties/Reactivity of the Halogens

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The Inert Gas Family• Also called the Noble Gas

Family

• Group 18 or VIIIA

• Have 8 valence e-

• Considered un-reactive

• Glow bright colors when energized

• `

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Noble Gases differ in density

Noble Gases are used to make neon signs

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