The North and SouthDifferences Cause a Strainin the National Relationship

SWBAT

• Describe the differences between the Northern and Southern economies

• Explain how the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska act were intended to settle the issue of slavery.

• Name and describe two incidents were John Brown shed blood.

• Describe and explain the Southern reaction to Lincoln’s election in 1860

How do these pictures demonstrate an expanding industrial capability?

Industry Expands

• By 1861, the North has significantly more rails than the South.

• What impact does this have?

• Which portion of the USA is more industrial?

South Expands Cotton Production

• The cotton gin makes cotton more _________• Cotton plantations _______ and produce more• What else expands?

South Expands Cotton Production

• The importation of slaves was ______ in 1807.

• The “______” for slave labor grew. How supplied?

• The internal slave trade __________-.

• What happens to the price of slaves if the supply is lowered?

The Mexican-American War

• The war added 500,000 square miles to the country• President Polk wanted to extend the _________

_____________ 36°30’ line to the west coast• Others proposed

“_________ _________”• The House passed the

Wilmot Proviso _______ slavery in the Mexican cession.

• The Senate did not. • Why? Or How?

Clay’s Compromise of 1850

• _________ would enter the Union as a _____ state• The rest of the Mexican Cession would be settled

under “__________ ___________”

• Slave auctions would ____ in Wash. D.C. (but not slavery)

• A more effective federal “_______ _______” law would be enacted

Fugitive Slave Act

• Federal and state agents were authorized to _______and _________ fugitive slaves.

• The fugitives were taken to US Commissioners.• No ______ and only

_______ were allowed to testify

• Anyone ___________ could be put in jail and fined.

• _________ movements in the North grew

1954 Kansas-Nebraska Act• Stephen Douglas wanted a

railroad from ________ westward, southern politicians wanted it from ____________ to California.

• To get southern support, Douglas put into his bill, that the northern territories would be “_______” to slavery if the settlers _______ for it.

• Northerners were _______ but the bill passed into ______

_________ Kansas• Both southern and northern

________ flocked to Kansas to populate it with their own supporters.

• Two separate ___________ were elected.

• The city of Lawrence was burned by __________ forces.

• _____________killed five pro-slavery men in response.

• Bloody clashes continued until a federal governor with military authority was sent.

Another Bloody Incident

• Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts delivered speech criticizing __________forces in Kansas and personally criticized a southern senator Butler.

• Butler’s nephew, a congressman, _____ Sumner with a _____.

Election of 1856

• Issues: Expanding or limiting _______ and internal ______________. Main candidates:– Buchannan a Southern ___________– Fremont an exclusively northern _____________

The Dred Scott Decision

• Dred Scott sued for his ________ based on his having been taken into “______” territory.

• 11 years later the Supreme Court ruled:– Blacks were ___ ________ and

therefore could not sue– When Scott returned to

Missouri, his status was determined by Missouri’s laws

– The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was ________________ because it deprived citizens of their ____________

Lincoln-Douglas Debates• Abraham Lincoln ran as a ________

against the Democrat Stephen Douglas for a Senate seat from Illinois

• Lincoln stressed the main issue was the spread of ______ in the west and that the nation could not “survive _________ slave and half free”

• Douglas said that proved Lincoln wanted every state to be a ____ state and states should be able to ___________

• Lincoln _______ to Douglas

Harper’s Ferry Incident

• October 16, 1859, ____ _______and some men took over the ______ in Harpers Ferry

• Some of his men went to slave plantations in hope of inciting a _____________.

• The next day, Col Robert E. Lee had marines capture Brown.

• After a trial, Brown was hanged for __________, _______, and _________

Election of 1860

Make 5 observations about this map.

Southern Reaction to Lincoln’s Election

• Not waiting for his inauguration, South Carolina ________ believing Lincoln would ___ slavery in the south when he became president.

• Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas joined SC and formed the ______ electing Jefferson Davis as President.• Lincoln believed only amendments or revolution could _________ the Union

• In question was who owned FT Sumter in SC?

• Lincoln vowed to hold _______ land but would not provoke a fight.

Slavery: a State’s Rights Issue?

• A• b

• C• d

a

• A• b

• C• d