The New Zealand- China relationship
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Transcript of The New Zealand- China relationship
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The New Zealand- China relationshipMaterial for New Zealand-China Council Delegation
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China is a central part of a huge structural shift in the global economy…
Source: OECD
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…and New Zealand is responding to that shift
Source: Statistics New Zealand
Goods exports to China have risen from $2 billion to $7 billion in 5 years during a global recession
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From humble beginnings…
Source: Statistics New Zealand
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…China is NZ’s hottest export market and eased the pain of the global financial crisis
China is responsible for $4.9bn of NZ's additional $9.5bn of exports since 2007
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Trade is becoming more balanced
Source: Statistics New Zealand
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Strong growth in top 7 exports to China
Source: Statistics New Zealand
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An increasingly important source of imports…
Source: Statistics New Zealand
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…that are used by households and New Zealand firms for further production
Top 10 = ~82% of total
Source: Statistics New Zealand
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Exports of services are growing too: Chinese tourism spending has risen strongly
Since GFC hit, Chinese tourism spending has risen by $380 million.
Total spending by all tourists fell by $720 million.
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Expect visitors from China to double by 2018
Tourism market is changing rapidly, driven by Chinese income growth
Source: NZIER, MBIE
New Zealand tourism operators needs to think carefully about Chinese visitors’ demands
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Commercial services exports are small but widespread and growing
Source: Statistics New Zealand Overall, China is now New Zealand’s 3rd largest services market, worth over $1 billion per year and growing
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New Zealand remains a popular place for Chinese students to learn
Sources: http://www.educationcounts.govt.nz; Infometrics
Chinese students accounted for $560 million of GDP in 2011: 27% of the total GDP generated by overseas students
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Investment has risen – both ways
Source: Statistics New Zealand
Only 0.61% of New Zealand’s total stock of foreign investment is from China…
…compared with 16% of our total imported goods
Of New Zealand’s total investment abroad, China received 0.59% in 2012, up from 0.13% in 2007
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FTA provides a competitive edge
• 91% of tariff lines are duty free• By 2016, all imports from China will be duty free• By 2019, 96% of New Zealand exports will be duty free• Leaders’ goal of doubling exports within 5 years from
2010 is an ambitious but feasible target
Total trade with Growth since 2000
Growth since 2008
Growth since 2010
World 55% 2% 9%
China 411% 62% 26%
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But FTA preferences won’t last forever: we need to maximise our first-mover advantage
China’s signed FTAs
In negotiation or being considered*
ASEAN GCC
Pakistan Australia
Chile Iceland
New Zealand Norway
Singapore SACU
Peru India*
Hong Kong Japan and Korea*
Macau Switzerland*
Costa Rica RCEP
Product NZ FTA tariff 2013, 2019
MFN tariff 2013
Milk & cream 5%, 0% 10%
Kiwifruit 6.7%, 0% 20%
Chilled lamb 5%, 0% 15%
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Chinese economic challenges present opportunities for New Zealand firmsChallenge Potential implications for New Zealand Environmental pressures More demand for exports of environmental goods,
services and technology (e.g. energy-efficient materials)
Rapid urbanisation Demand for New Zealand building products
Food security and availability Food exports; technical cooperation to boost Chinese agricultural productivity; greater ‘exports of experts’
Rebalancing of economy away from investment towards consumption
Should boost Chinese demand for imports of consumables, including foodstuffs, wine, fashion, etc.
Fiscal pressures related to healthcare and education spending
Enhanced demand for health technologies, opportunities for education via JVs/commercial presence
Regional integration models: TPP vs. RCEP
New Zealand has a strong interest in TPP accession clause accommodating future Chinese entry; can act as neutral ‘bridge’ between RCEP and TPP
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Key takeouts
• The economic relationship has developed rapidly and is maturing well
• It’s more than just goods exports – the services, investment and people links are deepening
• The FTA has generated real momentum• But preferential tariff advantage will be eroded
over time as both countries sign more FTAs with other competitors
• Opportunities abound for New Zealand firms to help address big structural challenges in China