The New Normal: Managing the constant stream of new vulnerabilities
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Managing the constant stream of new vulnerabilities Aaron Hackney, Principal Architect [email protected] Major Hayden, Principal Architect [email protected] The New Normal
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Transcript of The New Normal: Managing the constant stream of new vulnerabilities
Managing the constant stream of new vulnerabilities
Aaron Hackney, Principal [email protected]
Major Hayden, Principal [email protected]
The New Normal
2014 was rough
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HeartbleedApril 2014
SandwormOctober 2014
POODLEOctober 2014
ShellshockSeptember 2014
Vulnerabilities are now mainstream news
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Source: https://twitter.com/mattblaze/status/573938261325844480
OUR MISSION TODAY:
To arm you with a solid strategy to secure your infrastructure efficiently.
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Understand cognitive bias
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“...we respond to the feeling of security and not the reality. Now most of the time, that works. Most of the time, feeling and reality are the same…if our feelings match reality, we make better security trade-offs.”
Bruce SchneierTEDxPSU, 2010
Video link: http://www.ted.com/talks/bruce_schneier/transcript?language=en#t-53471
“If I had a dollar to spend on security,I’d spend 99 cents on detectionand a penny on prevention.”
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• Start with common sense prevention– Principle of least privilege
• Then spend the bulk of your budget on layers of detection– Assume incidents will happen
• Create a rock-solid response plan– Take feedback from the response process and
invest in prevention
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The Security Life Cycle
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Incident Detection
ResponsePrevention
• Every server, network device, and application generates some type of logs
• Collect your logs in a central location• Monitor for critical events first
– Authentication attempts (successful and failed)– Service/system restarts– Network errors– Configuration changes
• Monitoring for events can be cumbersome in busy environments– Graph your log line counts over time and look for
unusual peaks or spikes
Detection 101: Logging
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• Use best practices and hardening standards to set a minimum security spec for your systems
• Monitor for configuration changes with strong change control processes
• Use deployment frameworks, like Ansible, Puppet, or Chef– Revision control makes change control easier– Easy to audit large amounts of systems quickly
• Network segmentation can be a detection and prevention mechanism– Force attackers to be noisy if they choose to cross a network
segment– Trending via NetFlow analysis may reveal attacks in progress
Integrity Monitoring & Auditing
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Community-driven hardening standards for common systems, including Linux, Windows, and Cisco devices.
For more information, visit: http://www.cisecurity.org/
Detect & AnalyzeGather data from any available sensors, logs, or observations.Determine which systems are involved and the severity of the breach.
Contain & Recover Bring systems offline or remove network connectivity.Provision new systems and carefully restore from clean backups.
Root Cause AnalysisHow could we have prevented the attack or detected it sooner?Turn security failures into solid investments in prevention.
• Rely on solid processes so that everyone knows their place during an incident
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Incident Response
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Incident Management
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• Communicate about an incident using criteria that your employees and customers understand– Reduce anxiety with frequent, concise
communications– Using code names or alert levels may help– Example: U.S. Department of Defense’s DEFCON
• Ensure everyone knows what’s happening what part they play in the incident
Image source: Wikipedia, USAF Public Domain
• “What could we have done to prevent incidents like these?”• Fishbone diagrams help with larger organizations• Make a larger number of smaller changes• Focus on the user experience
– Then find security improvements that provide good trade-offs
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After the incident
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The book you never thought wasactually about information security.
Security User Experience
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Business and user requirements
Security, legal and compliance
requirements
Customer requirements
Review Process
Process improvementTechnology upgrades
Vendor productsCommunication
Plan for the unknowns
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“Reports that say...that something hasn't happened are always interesting to me, because as we know,
there are known knowns;there are things that we know that we know.
We also know there are known unknowns;that is to say we know there are some things we do not know.
But there are also unknown unknowns,the ones we don't know we don't know.”
—Donald Rumsfeld, Former United States Secretary of Defense Photo source: Wikipedia, Scott DavisUS Army Public Domain
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