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The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) G bZzb

weavb ms‡hvRb m¤ú‡K© AvBb Kwgk‡bi mycvwik:

f~wgKv:

eZ©gv‡b †`‡k cÖPwjZ AvBbmg~‡ni g‡a¨ The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act

NO.XVI of 1881) GKwU eûj e¨eüZ AvBb| G AvBb cÖYq‡bi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ wQj wb¤œiƒc:

ÒAn Act to define and amend the law relating to Promissory Notes, Bills of Exchange and

Cheques.”

A_©vr cÖwgmwi †bvU, wej Ae G·‡PÄ I †PK msµvšÍ ZrKvjxb AvBbmg~n hy‡Mvc‡hvMx I h_vh_ Kvh©Ki bv

_vKvq †m¸‡jv cÖ‡qvRbxq ms‡kvab I ms‡hvRbmn mwVKfv‡e msÁvwqZ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨B AvBbwU cÖYqb

Kiv nq|

1866 mv‡j Z…Zxq fviZxq AvBb Kwgkb me©cÖ_g The Negotiable Instruments Act Gi Lmov

cÖ ‘Z K‡ib, hv 1867 mv‡ji wW‡m¤i gv‡m Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij Gi cwil‡` (Governor General in

Council) Dc ’vcb Kiv n‡j GwU Select Committee ‡Z cvVv‡bv nq| e¨emvqx m¤úª`vq Gi cÿ †_‡K

†NviZi AvcwËi †cÖwÿ‡Z 1877 mv‡j AvBbwUi Lmov cybtcÖ ‘Z Kiv n‡j ¯’vbxq miKvi, nvB‡KvU© Ges

‡P¤vi Ae Kgvm© Gi mgv‡jvPbvi †cÖwÿ‡Z wejwU cybivq Aci GKwU Select Committee KZ…©K cwigvwR©Z

nq, ZeyI wejwU P~ovšÍ Kiv m¤¢e nq bvB| 1880 mv‡j ivóª mwP‡ei wb‡ ©‡k wejwU bZzb GK AvBb Kwgk‡bi

wbKU cvVv‡bv nq hvi mycvwi‡ki wfwˇZ AvBbwUi Lmov cybtcÖ ‘Z Kiv nq Ges Zv GKwU Select

Committee ‡Z cvVv‡bv nq| Gfv‡e PZz_©ev‡ii gZ cÖ ‘ZK…Z Lmov cwil‡` (Council) Dc ’vwcZ n‡j

1881 mv‡j The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) AvBb wn‡m‡e

cvk nq| AvBbwU cv‡ki ci n‡Z Kvh©Ki MY¨ nq Ges evwYwR¨K ywbqvq Avw_©K †jb‡`b mnwRKiY I

wbðqZv weav‡bi Rb¨ Gi cÖ‡qvM DˇivËi evo‡Z _v‡K|

2

cieZ©x‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki Af~¨`‡qi c~e© ch©šÍ weªwUk fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb Avg‡j cuvPevi ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g

AvBbwUi wKQz cwieZ©b nq| ms‡kvabx¸‡jv nj:

1. 1885 mv‡j Section 45A I 104A;

2. 1920 mv‡j Section 75A;

3. 1930 mv‡j Section 85A;

4. 1947 mv‡j Section 131A Ges

5. 1962 mv‡j Section 1A, 21A, 21B, 21C, 27A, 28A, 29A, 29B, 29C, 38A, 53A,

57A, 57B, 71A, 122A, 123A, 125A, 131B, 131C, 131D, 131E, 131F, 131G,

131H I 131I ms‡hvRb|

evsjv‡`‡k cÖPjb:

1971 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤i cvwK¯Ívbx nvbv`vi evwnbx‡K civwRZ K‡i ¯vaxbZv AR©‡bi ci The

Bangladesh Laws (Revision And Declaration) Act, 1973 (Act No. VIII of 1973) Øviv

The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) AvBbwU mgMÖ evsjv‡`‡k

cÖ‡hvR¨ nq| ‡`‡ki Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae ’vi †cÖwÿ‡Z 1994 n‡Z 2006 mvj ch©šÍ wZbevi ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g

AvBbwUi wKQz cwieZ©b Kiv nq| ms‡kvabx¸‡jv nj:

1. 1994 mv‡j The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Act, 1994 (Act No.XIX

of 1994) Gi 2 aviv Gi gva¨‡g The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 I

139 aviv m¤wjZ “CHAPTER XVII” Gi ¯’‡j aviv 138 n‡Z 141 m¤wjZ bZzb

“CHAPTER XVII” ms‡hvRb;

2. The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Act, 2000 (Act No.VII of 2000) Gi aviv-2 Gi gva¨‡g 138 avivq ewY©Z KwZcq weavb ms‡kvab I ms‡hvRb, Ges

3. The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Act, 2006 (Act No.III of 2006)

Gi aviv-2 Gi gva¨‡g 138 avivq Sub-section (1A); Section 138A ms‡hvRb Ges 141

avivq we`¨gvb Clause (c) Gi cwie‡Z© bZzb Clause (c) cÖwZ¯’vcb|

ms‡kva‡bi †cÖÿvcU:

1994 mv‡j The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 AvB‡b bZzb 138-141 avivmg~n m¤wjZ

“CHAPTER XVII” cÖwZ ’vc‡bi ci n‡Z 138 avivq ‡dŠR`vix gvgjv `v‡q‡ii msL¨v †hgb MvwYwZK

nv‡i evo‡Z _v‡K †Zgwb Gi AccÖ‡qvM Z_v nqivbxi gvÎv e¨vcK e„w× cvq| wewfbœ bvMwiK, AvBbRxex

Ges fz³‡fvMx‡`i KvQ †_‡K cÖvß Aby‡iva mwµq we‡ePbvi Av‡jv‡K AvBb Kwgkb The Negotiable

Instruments Act, 1881 Gi “CHAPTER XVII” – G we`¨gvb On penalties in case

of dishonour certain cheques for insufficiency of funds in the

3

account weavbvejxi K‡qKwU hy‡Mvc‡hvMx I bvMwiK evÜe Kivi j‡ÿ¨ M‡elYv K‡g©i m~Pbv K‡i|

‡`‡ki wePvi wefvMxq Kg©KZ©vMY, AvBbRxexMY I Avw_©K cÖwZôv‡bi Kg©KZ©vM‡Yi mv‡_ gZwewbgq K‡i

Ges D”P Av`vj‡Zi iv‡qi wb‡ ©kbv, mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK †cÖÿvcUmn M‡elYvq cÖvß Z_¨-Dcv‡Ëi wfwˇZ

ms‡kvabxmg~n cÖ Íve Kiv n‡q‡Q|

F‡Yi `vq m¤úwK©Z cÖvPxb BwZnvm:

ga¨hyMxq BD‡iv‡ci wewfbœ †`‡k FY cwi‡kv‡a e¨_©Zv Aciva wnmv‡e Mb¨ n‡Zv| †MÖU weª‡Ub (hy³ivR¨),

hy³ivóª, A‡÷ªwjqv, Rvg©vbx, d«vÝmn A‡bK †`‡kB FY cwi‡kv‡a e¨_© e¨w³MY A_©`Û I Kviv`Û †fvM

KiZ| Gme †`‡ki wewfbœ kn‡i Debtors’ Prison wQj| ‡PŠÏkZ n‡Z Ebwesk kZvãx ch©šÍ Bsj¨v‡Ûi

Southwark (eZ©gvb London) kn‡i Aew¯’Z The Marshalsea ‡RjLvbv jÛ‡bi `wi ª †`bv`vi

K‡qw`‡`i Rb¨ †ekx cwiwPZ wQj| Aóv`k kZvãx‡Z Bsj¨v‡Ûi †gvU K‡qw`‡`i A‡a©KB F‡Yi Rb¨ †R‡j

AvUK wQj| 1824 wLªóv‡ã weL¨vZ Bs‡iR mvwnwZ¨K Charles Dickens Gi evev†K GKRb †eKvix

gvwj‡Ki wbKU FYx _vKvi Rb¨ GB †R‡j cvVv‡bv nq| Bsj¨v‡Ûi London kn‡i Aew¯’Z Aci GKwU

†RjLvbvi bvg wQj Newgate Prison. Aóv`k kZvãx‡Z GB †RjLvbvq †`bv`vi cyiæl I gwnjv

K‡qw`‡`i‡K c„_K Iqv‡W© FY cwi‡kva bv Kiv ch©šÍ AvUK ivLv nZ|

wKš‘ Kvjµ‡g cwiw¯’wZi cwieZ©b n‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡b BD‡ivcxq †`kmg~nmn c„w_exi ‡ekxi fvM iv‡óªB

FY cwi‡kv‡a AÿgZv‡K Aciva wnmv‡e MY¨ Kiv nq bv, eis †`Iqvwb cÖwZKvi wnmv‡e MY¨ nq|

The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 I 141 aviv؇qi we`¨gvb weavbvejx:

Ach©vß Znwej RwbZ Kvi‡Y †Kvb †PK e¨vsK KZ„©K wWRAbvi n‡j Zv Aciva n‡e Ges Giƒc Aciv‡ai

Rb¨ †PK cÖ`vbKvix Z_v wnmveavixi 01 eQi ch©šÍ Kviv`Û A_ev †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv

A_ev Dfq `Û n‡Z cv‡i g‡g© 138 avivq ewY©Z i‡q‡Q| Avi 141 avivq ewY©Z i‡q‡Q wePvi cÖwµqv I

GLwZqvi m¤úbœ Av`vj‡Zi bvg| D³ aviv ywU wb¤œiƒc-

138. (1)Where any cheque drawn by a person on an account maintained

by him with a banker for payment of any amount of money to another

person from out of that account is returned by the bank unpaid, either

because of the amount of money standing to the credit of that account is

insufficient to honour the cheque or that it exceeds the amount arranged

to be paid from that account by an agreement made with that bank, such

person shall be deemed to have committed an offence and shall, without

prejudice to any other provision of this Act, be punished with

imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine

which may extend to thrice the amount of the cheque, or with both:

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub- section (1) and (2), the

holder of the cheque shall retain his right to establish his claim through

civil Court if whole or any part of the value of the cheque remains

4

unrealized.

Provided that nothing contained in this section shall apply unless-

(a) the cheque has been presented to the bank within a period of six

months from the date on which it is drawn or within the period of its

validity, whichever is earlier;

(b) the payee or the holder in due course of the cheque, as the case may

be, makes a demand for the payment of the said amount of money by

giving a notice, in writing, to the drawer of the cheque, within thirty days

of the receipt of information by him from the bank regarding the return

of the cheque as unpaid, and

(c) the drawer of such cheque fails to make the payment of the said

amount of money to the payee or, as the case may be, to the holder in due

course of the cheque, within thirty days of the receipt of the said notice.

(1A) The notice required to be served under clasue (b) of sub-section (1)

shall be served in the following manner-

(a) by delivering it to the person on whom it is to be served; or

(b) by sending it by registered post with acknowledgement due to that

person at his usual or last known place of abode or business in

Bangladesh; or

(c) by publication in a daily Bangla national newspaper having wide

circulation.

(2) Where any fine is realized under sub-section (1), any amount upto

the face value of the cheque as far as is covered by the fine realized shall

be paid to the holder.

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub- section (1) and (2), the

holder of the cheque shall retain his right to establish his claim through

civil Court if whole or any part of the value of the cheque remains

unrealized.

141. Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal

Procedure, 1898 (Act V of 1898),-

(a) no court shall take cognizance of any offence punishable under

section 138 except upon a complaint, in writing, made by the payee or, as

the case may be, the holder in due course of the cheque;

(b) such complaint is made within one month of the date on which the

cause of action arises under clause (c) of the proviso to section 138;

5

(c) no court inferior to that of a Court of Sessions shall try any offence

punishable under section 138.

Dch©y³ 138 avivq ewY©Z Ach©vß Znwe‡ji Kvi‡Y †PK wWRAbvi RwbZ Aciv‡ai kvw Í Ô01 eQi ch©šÍ

Kviv`Û A_ev †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv A_ev Dfq `ÛÕ b¨vqmsMZ I hyw³msMZ bq|

The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 g~jZt Avw_©K †jb‡`b msµvšÍ GKwU AvBb| G AvB‡bi

g~j D‡Ïk¨ Avw_©K †jb‡`b mnRZi I ªæZZi Kiv, KvD‡K kvw Í cÖ`vb bq| D‡jøL¨ †h, ‡`‡k cÖPwjZ FY

Av`vq msµvšÍ wewfbœ AvB‡b m‡e©v”P wظY cwigvb Rwigvbvi weavb i‡q‡Q|

Avevi, 141 avivq `vqiv Av`vjZ‡K 138 avivi Aciv‡ai wePvi GLwZqvi †`qv n‡q‡Q hv G‡`‡ki Ae ’vi

cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z ev¯Íem¤§Z bq| 138 avivi gvgjvmg~n ªæZ I mn‡R wb®úwˇhvM¨ hvi wePv‡ii Rb¨ GKRb

1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU h‡_ó †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ| `vqiv Av`vjZmg~n wmwbqi Av`vjZ wn‡m‡e RwUj I

¸iæZ¡c~Y© gvgjvmg~n wb®úwˇZ wb‡qvwRZ _vKvB evÂbxq|

138 avivq ewY©Z AcivawU Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ (compoundable) bv nIqvq cÿM‡Yi B‡”Q _vKv m‡Ë¡I

Av`vjZ Av‡cv‡li wfwˇZ D³ avivi gvgjv wb®úwË Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| G‡Z G ai‡bi gvgjv wb®úwˇZ

A‡nZzK RwUjZv I wej¤ nq|

The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 I 141 aviv؇qi we`¨gvb weavbvejx

cwieZ©‡bi c‡ÿ hyw³mg~n:

1| MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb Gi Aby‡”Q` 35 wePvi I Û m¤ú‡K© bvMwiK‡`i myiÿv wbwðZ K‡i‡Q|

Aby‡”Q` 35 Gi Dc-Aby‡”Q` (5) wb¤œiƒc:

Ò‡Kvb e¨w³‡K hš¿Yv †`Iqv hvB‡e bv wKsev wbôzi, AgvbywlK ev jvÂbvKi `Û †`Iqv hvB‡e bv wKsev

KvnviI mwnZ Abyiƒc e¨envi Kiv hvB‡e bv|Ó

‡P‡K e¨³ A_© cwi‡kv‡a e¨_©Zvi gZ †`Iqvbx `v‡qi Rb¨ ‡PK Wªqvi ev cÖ`vbKvix‡K 01 eQi ch©šÍ

Kviv`Û cÖ`vb Kiv wKsev ‡P‡K e¨³ A‡_©i wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv Kiv wKsev GK‡Î Dfq `Û cÖ`vb Kiv

jvÂbvKiB e‡U|

2| The Money-Lenders Act, 1940 (Bengal Act No. X of 1940) Gi 30 aviv Abyhvqx

cÖK…Z F‡Yi wظ‡Yi †ekx my` w`‡Z †Kvb FY MÖwnZv†K eva¨ Kiv hv‡e bv| A_P The Negotiable

Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 avivq †P‡K DwjøwLZ UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv Kivi weavb

i‡q‡Q|

The Money-Lenders Act, 1940 (Bengal Act No. X of 1940) Gi 30 avivq Av`vq‡hvM¨

my‡`i cwigvb I nvi m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q-

Ò30. Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for the time being in

force, or in any agreement,

6

(1) no borrower shall be liable to pay after the commencement of this Act-

(a) any sum in respect of principal and interest which together with any

amount already paid or included in any decree in respect of a loan

exceeds twice the principal of the original loan,

(b) on account of interest outstanding on the date up to which such liability

is computed, a sum greater than the principal outstanding on such date,---

-”

3| A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi 47 aviv Abyhvqx, †Kvb Avw_©K cÖwZôvb KZ…©K Avmj FY A‡cÿv

200% Gi AwaK `vex Av`vjZ KZ©„K MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv|

A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi 47 avivq `vex Av‡ivc mxgve× K‡i ejv n‡q‡QÑ

Ò(1) eZ©gv‡b cÖPwjZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv AvBb ev cÿM‡Yi g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z mswkøó Pzw³‡Z hvnvB _vKzK

bv †Kb, GB AvB‡bi Aaxb gvgjv `v‡q‡ii †ÿ‡Î , †Kv‡bv Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †Kv‡bv FY MÖnxZv‡K

cÖ Ë Avmj F‡Yi Dci `vq Ggbfv‡e Av‡ivc Kwiqv Av`vj‡Z gvgjv `v‡qi Kwi‡e bv, hvnv‡Z

Av`vj‡Z DÌvwcZ D³ mg~`q `vex Avmj FY A‡cÿv 200%(100+200=300 UvKv) Gi

AwaK nq|

(2) Dc-aviv (1) G ewY©Z g‡Z Avmj FY A‡cÿv 200% Gi AwaK Abyiƒc `vex Av`vjZ

KZ©„K MÖnY‡hvM¨ nB‡e bv|

(3) GB avivi weavbwU GB AvBb ejer nBevi GK ermi ci Kvh©Ki nB‡e;

Z‡e kZ© _v‡K †h, †Kv‡bv Avw_©K cÖwZôvb, B”Qv Kwi‡j, GB aviv Kvh©Ki nBevi c~‡e©B, GB

avivi weavb AbymiY Kvi‡Z cvwi‡e|Ó

4| 1994 mv‡j bZzb “CHAPTER XVII” ms‡hvRb Kv‡j 138 avivq ewY©Z Rwigvbvi cwigvb wQj

†P‡K D‡jøwLZ UvKvi wظY, wKš‘ 2000 mv‡j ms‡kvab K‡i (Act No. XVII of 2000 Øviv) wZb¸Y Kiv

nq|

5| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) e¨wZZ †`‡k cÖPwjZ

Ab¨ †Kvb AvB‡bB wظ‡Yi †ekx Rwigvbvi weavb bvB|

6| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) g~jZt cÖwgmwi †bvU,

wej Ae GK‡PÄ I †PK Ges G¸wji gva¨‡g Avw_©K †jb‡`b msµvšÍ AvBb| FY Av`vq msµvšÍ AvB‡bi

g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003, The Money-Lenders Act, 1940 (Bengal Act No.

X of 1940), I ‡`Dwjqv welqK AvBb, 1997| A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi 34 aviv Abyhvqx,

A_©FY Av`vjZ wWwµi UvKv cwi‡kv‡a eva¨ Kivi Rb¨ `vwqK‡K 6 (Qq) gvm ch©šÍ †`Iqvbx KvivMv‡i AvUK

ivL‡Z cv‡i| A_P The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 avivq Kviv`Û m‡e©v”P 01

eQi|

7| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 141 avivq `vqiv Av`vjZ‡K 138 avivq ewY©Z

Aciv‡ai wePvi Kivi GLwZqvi †`qv n‡q‡Q| A_P †`‡ki `vqiv Av`vjZmg~n (gnvbMi `vqiv Av`vjZ

7

e¨wZZ) GKB mv‡_ †Rjv RR (†`Iqvbx) Av`vjZ wnmv‡e KvR K‡i| GB Av`vj‡Z wewfbœ ch©v‡qi wePvwiK

Av`vjZmg~n n‡Z Avcxj, wiwfD, wiwfkb BZ¨vw` `v‡qi I wb®úwË nq| †Rjv I `vqiv RR Av`vj‡Zi

wePviK, Avcxj, wiwfD, wiwfkb BZ¨vw`i ïbvbxmn nZ¨v gvgjvi ïbvbx Ges cÖkvmwbK Kv‡R e¨¯Í _v‡Kb;

AwZwi³ †Rjv I `vqiv RR Av`vjZmg~n nZ¨v, WvKvwZ, gv`K BZ¨vw` ¸iæZ¡c~b© gvgjvi kybvbx K‡ib| cÖvq

me hyM¥ †Rjv I `vqiv RR Av`vjZ Avw` †`Iqvwb gvgjv, e`jxm~‡Î cÖvß †dŠR`vwi I Avcxj gvgjv Ges

†Kvb †Kvb hyM¥ †Rjv I `vqiv RR Av`vjZ, mvK‡mkvb mvwU©wd‡KU gvgjvi fv‡i fvivµvšÍ|

8| ‡PK wWRAbvi msµvšÍ (The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi aviv 138) gvgjvmg~n

quasi criminal cÖK…wZi Ges A‡cÿvK…Z RwUjZvgy³| eZ©gv‡b GB cÖKv‡ii gvgjvi m‡e©v”P Kviv`Û

01(GK) ermi| 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev ‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU Gi Kviv`Û cÖ`v‡bi mvavib

ÿgZv m‡e©v”P 07 (mvZ ermi), we‡kl we‡kl †ÿ‡Î AviI †ekx|

9| cvk¦©eZ©x †`k fvi‡Z 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev ‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU The Negotiable

Instruments Act, 1881 Gi Aax‡b `v‡qiK…Z gvgjvmg~n wePvi K‡ib|

10| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881( Act NO.XVI of 1881) g~jZt Avw_©K †jb‡`b

msµvšÍ AvBb| G AvBbwU †`Iqvbx cK…wZi| †`‡k cPwjZ cÖvq mKj †`Iqvbx gvgjvB Av‡cv‡l

wb®úwˇhvM¨| The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act No. V of 1898) Gi 345 avivq

The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) G ewY©Z KZK Aciva‡K (†h¸‡jvi m‡e©v”P mvRv 07

eQi ev Zvi bx‡P) Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ (compoundable) Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_P The Negotiable

Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 avivq Kviv`Û m‡e©v”P 01 eQi|

evsjv‡`k mycÖxg †KvU© Gi nvB‡KvU© wefvM Feroz Uddin v. Eshan Re-rolling Mill Ltd, 29

BLD (HCD) 2009, 684 gvgjvq wm×všÍ cÖ`vb K‡ib †h,

“Since the offence under section 138 of Negotiable Instrument Act is petty one

and the dispute between the parties settled by compromise is of basically civil

in nature, therefore, in the light of the decisions referred to above, I do not

hesitate to accept the joint compromise petition filed in both the appeals for

disposing the same in terms of the said agreement.”

‡`‡ki D”P Av`vjZ 138 avivi gvgjvq Av‡cv‡li `iLv¯Í MÖnY‡hvM¨ g‡g© Dc‡iv³ gvgjvq wm×všÍ cÖ`vb

K‡ib|

D‡jøL¨ †h, `wÿb Gkxq ivóª ‡bcvj-G Ach©vß Znwe‡ji Kvi‡Y †PK wWRAbvi RwbZ Aciv‡ai kvw Í gvÎ

03 gvm ch©šÍ Kviv`Û A_ev wZb nvRvi UvKv ch©šÍ Rwigvbv A_ev Dfq `Û| hy³ivR¨, hy³ivóª, A‡÷ªwjqv,

KvbvWv, kÖxjsKvmn we‡k¦i cÖvq me iv‡óªB †PK wWRAbvi msµvšÍ `vq †`Iqvwb `vq, †dŠR`vwi `vq bq|

GgZve ’vq, The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi aviv 138 Dcaviv (1) G DwjøwLZ,

†P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv Kivi weavbwU FY Av`vq msµvšÍ cÖPwjZ Ab¨vb¨ AvB‡bi weav‡bi

mwnZ AmsMwZc~Y© weavq Gi cwie‡Z© Rwigvbv wظY ch©šÍ Kivi Ges Kviv`‡Ûi †gqv` GK eQi K‡Vvi

8

(harsh) weavq GB †gqv‡`i cwie‡Z© 6 (Qq) gvm ch©šÍ Kivi weavb Kiv Avek¨K| GKB mv‡_ 141 avivi

clause (c) ‡Z `vqiv Av`vjZ‡K cÖ`Ë GLwZqvi ms‡kvabµ‡g 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev

‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU†K GLwZqvi cÖ`vb Kiv Avek¨K| KviY, G ai‡bi gvgjv A‡bKUvB GKB ai‡bi

ev euvavaiv (Stereotyped) wbq‡gi|

FY cÖ`vbKv‡j ‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ AwjwLZ ‡PK RvgvbZ ivLvi AvBbMZ Ae¯’vb:

‡`‡ki wewfbœ †dŠR`vwi Av`vj‡Z Kg©iZ wePviKMY, AvBbRxex, wePvicÖv_©x I mswkøó Av`vjZ gvidZ cÖvß

Z_¨ n‡Z †`Lv hvq, ‡PK wWRAbvi msµvšÍ (The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi aviv

138) AwaKvsk †dŠR`vwi gvgjv e¨vsKmn wewfbœ Avw_©K cÖwZôvb I FY cÖ`vbKvix GbwRI mg~n KZ…©K

FYMÖnxZv‡`i weiæ‡× `v‡qiK…Z| FY cÖ`vbKvix e¨vsK, Avw_©K cÖwZôvb I GbwRI mg~n FY cÖ`vbKv‡j

FYMÖnxZv n‡Z wKw Íi mg cwigvb †Kej ¯vÿwiZ AwjwLZ (UvKvi AsK I ZvwiL e¨wZ‡i‡K) †PK RvgvbZ

(collateral security) wnmv‡e ‡i‡L †`q, hv cieZ©x‡Z wb‡R‡`i myweavgZ e¨envi K‡i| AwaKvsk †ÿ‡ÎB

wKw Í cwi‡kv‡ai ciI my`mn mvKzj¨ F‡Yi UvKv D‡jø‡L RvgvbZ wnmv‡e ivLv Ac~iYK…Z ev duvKv †PKmg~n

(‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) e¨envi K‡i mswkøó e¨vs‡K Dc¯’vc‡bi gva¨‡g wWRAbvi Kwi‡q The Negotiable

Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 138 avivq †dŠR`vwi gvgjv `v‡qi Kiv nq| G‡Z FYMÖnxZvMY

mvgvwRKfv‡e nqivbxmn Avw_©K ÿwZi m¤§~Lxb nb| A_P G AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ Zv bq|

e¨vsK-‡Kv¤úvbx AvBb, 1991 Gi 7 avivq e¨vsK †Kv¤úvbxi Kvh©vejx ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| D³ avivi (L) Dcavivq

ÔRvgvbZ jBqv ev RvgvbZ e¨wZ‡i‡K AMÖxg A_© ev KR© cÖ`vbÕ †K e¨vsK †Kv¤úvbxi Ab¨Zg Kvh©vejx wnmv‡e

D‡jøL Kiv nq|

e¨vsK-‡Kv¤úvbx AvBb, 1991 Gi 2(Z) avivq e¨vsK e¨emvi msÁvq ejv n‡q‡Q- Òe¨vsK e¨emvÓ A_© KR©

cÖ`vb ev wewb‡qv‡Mi D‡Ï‡k¨ Rbmvavi‡bi wbKU nB‡Z UvKvi GBiƒc AvgvbZ MÖnY Kiv, hvnv PvwnevgvÎ ev

Ab¨ †Kvbfv‡e cwi‡kva‡hvM¨ Ges †PK, WªvdU, Av‡`k ev Ab¨ †Kvb c×wZ‡Z cÖZ¨vnvi‡hvM¨|

GKB AvB‡bi 2(O) avivq ÔRvgvbZx FY ev AwMÖgÕ Gi msÁvq ejv n‡q‡Q- ÔRvgvbZx FY ev AwMÖgÕ A_©

†mB FY ev AwMÖg hvnv m¤ú‡`i RvgvbZ MÖnY Kwiqv cÖ`vb Kiv nq Ges D³ m¤ú‡`i evRvi g~j¨ †Kvb

mg‡qB F‡Yi cwigv‡bi PvB‡Z Kg nq bv, Ges ÔARvgvbZx FY ev AwMÖgÕ A_© †mB FY ev AwMÖg ev Dnvi

H Ask hvnvi wecix‡Z †Kvb RvgvbZ MÖnY Kiv nq bv|

Avw_©K cÖwZôvb AvBb, 1993 Gi 14 avivq FY myweav BZ¨vw` m¤úwK©Z evav-wb‡la Av‡ivc Kwiqv (1) Dc-

avivq ejv nBqv‡QÑÒ†Kvb Avw_©K cÖwZôvbÑ(K) Ggb †Kvb AvgvbZ MÖnY Kwi‡e bv hvnv †PK, WªvdU A_ev

AvgvbZKvixi Av‡`‡ki gva¨‡g PvwnevgvÎ cwi‡kva‡hvM¨;Ó

The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) Gi 464 avivq _vKv Illustrations (c) I (d)

wb¤œiƒc:

(c) A picks up a cheque on a banker signed by B, payable to bearer, but without any sum

having been inserted in the cheque. A fraudulently fills up the cheque by inserting the

sum of ten thousand taka. A commits forgery.

9

(d) A leaves with B, his agent, a cheque on a banker, signed by A, without inserting the

sum payable and authorizes B to fill up the cheque by inserting a sum not exceeding ten

thousand taka for the purpose of making certain payments. B fraudulently fills up the

cheque by inserting the sum of twenty thousand taka. B commits forgery.

Dc‡iv³ ywU D`vniY †gvZv‡eK F‡Yi wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e ivLv AwjwLZ (†Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK

cieZ©x‡Z Zv B‡”QgZ c~iY K‡i e¨envi Kiv The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) Gi 463

avivq ewY©Z Aciva ÔRvwjqvwZÕi mvwgj Ges GKB AvB‡bi 464 avivq kvw ͇hvM¨|

Kvh©Zt e¨vsKmn Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K cÖwZôvbmg~n F‡Yi wecix‡Z Ab¨vb¨ Rvgvb‡Zi (Rwgi `wjj BZ¨vw`) mv‡_

mv‡_ wKw Íi mg cwigvb AwjwLZ (†Kej ^vÿwiZ) †PK RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e FYMÖwnZv n‡Z MÖnY K‡i| FYMÖwnZv

†Ljvwc n‡j FY Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Rwg/evwoi `wjj BZ¨vw` e¨envi K‡i A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi

weavb Abyhvqx A_©FY Av`vj‡Z †`Iqvbx gvgjv Ges GKB mv‡_ AwjwLZ (†Kej ^vÿwiZ) †PKmg~n e¨envi

K‡i The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivi

weavb Abyhvqx Avgj MÖnYKvix g¨vwR‡÷ªU Av`vj‡Z †dŠR`vwi gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î FYMÖwnZv

w`‡knviv n‡q mycÖxg †KvU© Gi nvB‡KvU© wefv‡M ixU gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i| G‡Z gvgjvi msL¨v AhvwPZfv‡e

e„w× ‡c‡q gvgjvRU m„w÷ nq| Ab¨w`‡K, 138 avivq gvgjv `v‡q‡ii g~j D‡Ïk¨ e¨vnZ nq, Dfq c‡ÿi

e¨q e„w× cvq|

†PK Rvgvb‡Zi msÁvf~³ bq| Ac~iYK…Z ev duvKv †PK (†Kej ¯^vÿwiZ) F‡Yi wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e

ivLvi †Kvb AvBbMZ ¯xK…wZ †Kv_vI †bB| ¯vÿwiZ duvKv †P‡K UvKvi cwigvb I ZvwiL D‡jøL bv _vKvq Zv

ˆea Òwewbgq‡hvM¨ `wjjÓ Gi ch©v‡q c‡o bv| myZivs FY cÖ`vbKv‡j MÖnxZvi KvQ †_‡K RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e

c~iYK…Z ev ¯vÿwiZ wKš‘ AwjwLZ †PK ev duvKv †PK MÖnY Kiv AvBb m¤§Z bq|

Ac~iYK„Z (‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK RvgvbZ ivLv m¤ú‡K© D”P Av`vj‡Zi wm×všÍ:

F‡Yi wecix‡Z Ac~iYK…Z (‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK RvgvbZ wnmv‡e ivLv Ges H †PK wWRAbvi n‡j The

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivi weavb

cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e wKbv †m cÖm‡½ evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi D”P Av`vjZmg~‡ni wb¤œiƒc wm×všÍ i‡q‡Q-

evsjv‡`k:

gnvgvb¨ mycÖxg †KvU© Gi nvB‡KvU© wefvM Mohammad Ali Fatik vs State and another, 66

DLR (2014), 228 gvgjvq wm×všÍ cÖ`vb K‡ib †h,

“21. Moreso, from the materials on record it has been found that the cheque was

drawn some time in 2004 and it was presented in the Bank in the month of

September, 2007 i.e. beyond the period of six months from the date on which it was

drawn. A cheque receiving in the year 2004, filling up the various columns later on,

at the sweet will of the complainant, if presented in the Bank after long gap of 3/4

years, undoubtedly the same is a fraud upon the drawer of the cheque and if this

10

Court allows to continue such practice, that would be sheer indulgence to the

creditors to be more oppressive to the debtors.

23. In fact, a blank signed cheque is generally taken by a creditor from the debtors

in order to create more and more pressure so that the debtors make the payment of

the craditors but whenever a cheque is drawn for making of payment as provided in

section 138 of the NI Act and when the same is bounced, the section 138 of the NI

Act will come to play its role.”

A_©vr Awf‡hvMKvix KZ…©K FY MÖwnZv n‡Z d uvKv †PK MÖn‡Yi Zvi Kjvg¸‡jv wb‡Ri B‡”Q Abyhvqx c~iY K‡i

3/4 eQi ci e¨vsK-G Dc¯’vcb Kiv wbtm‡›`‡n †PK `vZvi mv‡_ cÖZvibv Ges hw` Av`vjZ G ai‡bi

cÖ¨vKwUm Aby‡gv`b K‡ib, Zv n‡e FY `vZv‡`i cÖwZ wbQK D`vmxbZv hv FY MÖwnZv‡`i Dci AZ¨vPv‡ii

gvÎv evwo‡q w`‡e| g~jZt FY MÖwnZv n‡Z F‡Yi UvKv Av`v‡q Pvc cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨B FY `vZv †Kej ¯vÿwiZ,

AwjwLZ †PK MÖnY K‡ib wKš‘ hLb Zv NI Act Gi 138 avivi weavb Abyhvqx K¨vk Kivi Rb¨ e¨vs‡K

Dc ’vcb Kiv nq Ges Zv Acwi‡kvwaZfv‡e †diZ Av‡m, ZLb D³ aviv Zvi g~j f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|

GQvovI Dr Shaymal Baidya vs Islami Bank Bangladesh Ltd and another, 66 DLR

(2014), 547 gvgjvi iv‡q nvB‡KvU© wefvM D‡jøL K‡ib-

ÒWhenever a cheque is drawn by a person in order to make payment of any

amount, the amount must be given in it by the drawer of the cheque. Since the

amount was not given by the drawer of the cheque having no intention for making

any payment, such a cheque cannot be considered as a cheque to serve the purpose

of section 138 of the NI Act………..Thus the role of the Bank does not appear to

be good than that of the oppressive and cruel creditors. The creditors in many cases

used to travel even earth to heaven to collect their debts leaving no stone untouched

and the Bank also behaving like the same after obtaining the judgment in the case

for Taka 9,84,918 which has already been deposited by the accused by the order

of the Court again filed the case under the provision of Artha Rin Adalat Ain, 2003

against the appellant.”

A_©vr hLb †Kvb †PK K¨vk Kivi Rb¨ e¨vs‡K Rgv †`qv nq Zv‡Z Aek¨B †PK `vZv KZ…©K UvKvi cwigvb

wjwLZ _vK‡Z n‡e| hLb †Kvb cvIbv cwi‡kv‡ai B”Qv e¨wZ‡i‡K †PK `vZv †P‡K UvKvi cwigvb wj‡Lb bv,

Giƒc †PK NI Act Gi 138 avivi D‡Ï‡k¨ cÖ`Ë e‡j we‡ePbv Kiv hv‡e bv.................G‡ÿ‡Î e¨vs‡Ki

f~wgKv AZ¨vPvix I wbôzi FY `vZvi †P‡q DËg bq| A‡bK †ÿ‡Î FY `vZvMY FY Av`v‡qi Rb¨ gZ©¨ n‡Z

¯M© ch©šÍ ågb K‡i mKj cÖ‡Póv Pvjvq Ges e¨vsK GKB iKg AvPiY K‡i 984918 UvKvi ivq †c‡q,

Avmvgx KZ…©K D³ UvKv Rgv †`qv ¯‡Ë¡I, A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Abyhvqx AvcxjKvixi weiæ‡×

gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i‡Q|

evsjv‡`‡ki mycÖxg †KvU© Gi nvB‡KvU© wefvM Dc‡iv³ ywU gvgjvi iv‡q FY `vZv (e¨w³, e¨vsK ev Avw_©K

cÖwZôvb) KZ…©K F‡Yi wecix‡Z AwjwLZ (‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK ivLv AvBb m¤§Z bq g‡g© Ges Giƒc †P‡Ki

†ÿ‡Î The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivi

weavb cÖ‡hvR¨ bq g‡g© eywS‡q‡Qb|

11

fviZ:

Joseph Vilangadan v. Phenomenal Health Care Services Ltd. & Anr. gvgjvq Bombay

High Court wm×všÍ cÖ`vb K‡ib †h, RvgvbZ wnmv‡e cÖ`Ë †PK wWRAbvi nB‡j The Negotiable

Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivq †Kvb Aciva msNwUZ nq

bv| Travel Force v. Mohan N. Bhave and Another 2007 Mh.L.J.3339 gvgjvq

Maharashtra High Court; M.S. Narayana Menon@Mani v. State of Kerala and

Another (2006) 6 SCC 39 I ICDS Limited v. Beena Shabeer and Another (2002) 6

SCC 426 gvgjvq Supreme Court of India GKB iKg wm×všÍ cÖ`vb K‡ib|

Dc‡iv³ gvgjvq fviZxq mycÖxg †KvU © Zvi iv‡qi 52 `dvq e‡jb: Ò.......if a cheque is issued for

security or for any other purpose the same would not come within the perview

of section 138 of the Act.”

D‡jøL¨ †h, evsjv‡`k e¨vsK KZ©„cÿ weMZ 12/02/2017 wLª. Zvwi‡Li GdAvBwmGmwW mvK©yjvi

†jUvi bs-01 G evsjv‡`‡k Kvh©iZ mKj Zdwmjx e¨vsK‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i D‡jøL K‡ib-

ÒGQvov, m¤úªwZ GgAvBwmAvi †P‡Ki †ÿ‡Î cÖZviYv I Rvj-RvwjqvwZ e„w× cvIqvq FY ev wewb‡qv‡Mi wecix‡Z

duvKv †PK RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e MÖnY bv Kivi Rb¨I civgk© cÖ`vb Kiv hv‡”Q|Ó

GgZve ’vq, ‡Kvb Avw_©K cÖwZôvb ev FY cÖ`vbKvix GbwRI KZ…©K FY cÖ`vbKv‡j F‡Yi wecix‡Z

RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e †Kvb †PK ivLv hv‡e bv g‡g© 138 avivq kZ© (proviso) ms‡hvRb Kiv eZ©gvb †cÖÿvc‡U

LyeB Riæix n‡q D‡V‡Q|

Dch©y³ Ae ’vi †cÖwÿ‡Z AvBbwU‡K hy‡Mvc‡hvMx Kivi j‡ÿ¨ AvBb Kwgkb wb¤œiƒc mycvwik Ki‡Q-

1| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivq

ewY©Z Kviv`Û I Rwigvbvi cwigvb Kwg‡q Avbv:- we`¨gvb 138 avivq ewY©Z Kviv`Û I Rwigvbvi cwigvb

nj GK eQi ch©šÍ Kviv`Û, A_ev mswkøó †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv, A_ev Dfq cÖKvi `Û|

G AvBb g~jZt ‡`Iqvbx cÖK…wZi| 1994 mv‡ji The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment)

Act, 1994 (Act No.XIX of 1994) Øviv Ach©vß Znwej RwbZ Kvi‡Y †PK wWRAbvi nIqv‡K Aciva

M‡Y¨ G AvBb‡K Quasi Criminal Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi 34 aviv Abyhvqx

Awbw ©ó cwigvb wWwµi UvKv cwi‡kv‡a e¨_©Zvi Rb¨ Av`vjZ `vwqK‡K m‡e©v”P 6 (Qq) gvm †`Iqvbx

AvUKv‡`k w`‡Z cv‡ib|

12

†`‡k cÖPwjZ Ab¨ †Kvb AvB‡bB wظ‡Yi †ekx Rwigvbvi weavb bvB| Z ycwi, MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki

msweavb Gi Aby‡”Q` 35 Dc-Aby‡”Q` (5) ‡`‡ki bvMwiKMY‡K hš¿Yv wKsev wbôzi, AgvbywlK ev jvÂbvKi

`Û †`Iqv hvB‡e bv g‡g© wePvi I `Û m¤úwK©Z myiÿv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q|

myZivs †`‡ki bvMwiK‡`i wePvi I `Û m¤úwK©Z Dch©y³ mvsweavwbK myiÿv wbwðZ KiYv‡_© AšÍZtc‡ÿ

138 avivq ewY©Z Kviv`Û GK eQi ch©šÍ n‡Z Kwg‡q 6 (Qq) gvm ch©šÍ Ges Rwigvbv mswkøó †P‡K ewY©Z

UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ n‡Z Kwg‡q wظY ch©šÍ Kiv hyw³hy³ I gvbweK n‡e|

2| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivq

ci †PK (Cheque) RvgvbZ bv ivLv msµvšÍ bZzb kZ© (proviso) ms‡hvRb:- †Kej ¯vÿwiZ duvKv †PK

(Blank Cheque) e¨envi msµvšÍ †Kvb weavb GB AvB‡b bvB| FY vZv (e¨w³, e¨vsK ev Avw_©K cÖwZôvb)

KZ…©K FYMÖwnZv n‡Z F‡Yi wecix‡Z AwjwLZ (‡Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK †i‡L cieZ©x‡Z Zv wb‡R‡`i B‡”QgZ

c~iY K‡i mswkøó e¨vs‡K Dc¯’vcb c~e©K wWRAbvi Kwi‡q 138 avivq ‡dŠR`vix gvgjv Ges GKB F‡Yi

wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e ivLv Rwg/evoxi wjj BZ¨vw` e¨envi K‡i A_©FY Av`vj‡Z †`Iqvbx gvgjv v‡qi

K‡i| G‡Z FYMÖwnZv gvivZ¥K †fvMvwšÍi wkKvi nq| A_©FY Av`vjZ AvBb, 2003 Gi 5 aviv Abyhvqx,

Ab¨ †Kvb AvB‡b hv wKQzB _vKzK bv †Kb Avw_©K cÖwZôv‡bi FY Av`vq m¤úwK©Z hveZxq gvgjv GKB AvB‡bi

4 avivi Aax‡b cÖwZwôZ, †NvwlZ ev MY¨ nIqv A_©FY Av`vj‡Z `v‡qi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges H Av`vj‡ZB

welqwUi wb®úwË n‡e|

evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi D”P Av`vjZmg~n wewfbœ iv‡q FY cÖ`vbKv‡j FY MÖnxZvi KvQ †_‡K ¯vÿwiZ wKš‘

AwjwLZ ev duvKv †PK MÖnY Kiv AvBb m¤§Z bq g‡g© Ges Giƒc †P‡Ki †ÿ‡Î The Negotiable

Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivi weavb cÖ‡hvR¨ bq g‡g©

D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| Z ycwi, The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) Gi 464 avivq _vKv

Illustrations (c) I (d) ‡gvZv‡eK F‡Yi wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e ivLv AwjwLZ (†Kej ¯vÿwiZ) †PK

cieZ©x‡Z Zv B‡”QgZ c~iY K‡i e¨envi Kiv The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) Gi 463

avivq ewY©Z Aciva RvwjqvwZi mvwgj Ges GKB AvB‡bi 464 avivq kvw ͇hvM¨|

GgZve ’vq, F‡Yi wecix‡Z RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e †Kvb †PK ivLv hv‡e bv g‡g© kZ© (proviso) 138 avivq

ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡j AhvwPZ gvgjvi msL¨v n«vm †c‡q Pjgvb gvgjvRU wbim‡b mnvqK n‡e|

3| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 141 avivq

ewY©Z wePvwiK Av`vjZ cwieZ©b:- we`¨gvb 141 avivi Clause (c) ‡Z ewY©Z weavb Abyhvqx, `vqiv

Av`vj‡Zi bx‡Pi †Kvb Av`vjZ 138 avivq kvw ͇hvM¨ Aciv‡ai wePvi Ki‡e bv| vqiv Av`vjZmg~n wewfbœ

cÖKvi RwUj †`Iqvbx I †dŠR`vix gvgjvi fv‡i fvivµvšÍ| 138 avivi gvgjvmg~n euvavaiv (Stereotyped)

wbq‡gi, A‡cÿvK…Z mij I Aí mg‡q wb®úwˇhvM¨| G avivi Aciv‡ai we`¨gvb kvw Í m‡e©v”P GK eQ‡ii

Kviv`Û, A_ev mswkøó †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv, A_ev Dfq cÖKvi `Û|

13

Ab¨w`‡K, 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev ‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU Gi Kviv`Û cÖ`v‡bi mvavib ÿgZv

m‡e©v”P 07 (mvZ ermi), we‡kl we‡kl †ÿ‡Î AviI †ekx| cvk¦©eZ©x †`k fvi‡Z GB ch©v‡qi wePviKMYB

The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi Aax‡b `v‡qiK…Z gvgjvmg~n wePvi K‡ib|

GgZve ’vq The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 Gi 141avivi clause (c) ‡Z `vqiv

Av`vjZ‡K cÖ`Ë GLwZqvi ms‡kvabµ‡g 1g †kÖYxi RywWwmqvj g¨vwR‡÷ªU ev ‡g‡UªvcwjUb g¨vwR‡÷ªU†K

GLwZqvi cÖ`vb Kiv n‡j GKw`‡K `vqiv Av`vjZmg~n fvigy³ n‡q RwUj gvgjvmg~n wb®úwË K‡i gvgjvRU

eûjvs‡k n«vm cv‡e Ges Ab¨w`‡K, 138 avivi gvgjvmg~n A‡cÿvK…Z Kg mg‡q wb®úwË n‡q wePvicÖv_©x I

Avmvgxi †fvMvwšÍi jvNe n‡e|

4| The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi 138 avivq

ewY©Z Aciva‡K Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ (compoundable) KiY: we`¨gvb 138 avivq ewY©Z Kviv`Û I Rwigvbvi

cwigvb nj GK eQi ch©šÍ Kviv`Û, A_ev mswkøó †P‡K ewY©Z UvKvi wZb¸Y ch©šÍ Rwigvbv, A_ev Dfq

cÖKvi `Û| wKš‘ 138 avivi AcivawU Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ bq| The Code of Criminal Procedure,

1898 (Act No. V of 1898) Gi 345 avivq The Penal Code (Act No. XLV of 1860) G

ewY©Z KZK Aciva‡K (†h¸‡jvi m‡e©v”P mvRv 07 eQi ev Zvi bx‡P) Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

myZivs 138 avivi AcivawU Av‡cvl‡hvM¨ Kiv n‡j GKw`‡K †hgb ªæZZvi mv‡_ gvgjv wb®úwË n‡q

cÿM‡Yi ~‡f©vM jvNe n‡e, Ab¨w`‡K †`‡ki †dŠR`vix Av`vjZ¸‡jvi gvgjvRU n«vm cv‡e|

DwjøwLZ AvB‡bi ms‡kvabx cÖYq‡b mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ ‡`‡ki wewfbœ †dŠR`vwi Av`vj‡Z Kg©iZ

wePviKMY, AvBbRxexMY, fz³‡fvMx bvMwiKMYmn mswkøó mK‡ji cÖwZ AvBb Kwgkb K…ZÁZv Ávcb Ki‡Q|

(wePvicwZ G. wU. Gg. dR‡j Kexi)

m`m¨

(wePvicwZ G. we. Gg. Lvqiæj nK )

‡Pqvig¨vb

14

Lmov wej:

AvBb Kwgk‡bi Dc‡iv³ mycvwi‡ki Av‡jv‡K The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT

NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi ms‡kvab K‡í wb‡¤œv³ Lmov wej mshy³ Kiv n‡jv:-

The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Act, 2018

(Act No. --- Of 2018)

‡h‡nZz ewY©Z D‡Ïk¨mg~n c~iYK‡í The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT

NO.XXVI OF 1881) Gi AwaKZi ms‡kvab mgxPxb I cÖ‡qvRbxq;

‡m‡nZz GZ &Øviv wb¤œiƒc AvBb Kiv nBjt-

1| mswÿß wk‡ivbvg I cÖeZ©b|- (1) GB AvBb The Negotiable Instruments (Amendment)

Act, 2018 bv‡g AwfwnZ nB‡e|

(2) Bnv Awej‡¤ Kvh©Ki nB‡e|

2| ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881 Gi section 138 Gi ms‡kvab|- The Negotiable

Instruments Act, 1881 (ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881), AZtci D³ Act ewjqv DwjøwLZ, Gi

Section 138 Gi Sub-section (1) Gi †kl jvB‡bi Av‡Mi jvB‡b _vKv “one year” kã ywUi

¯’‡j “six months” kã ywU cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nB‡e;

3| D³ Act Gi Section 138 Gi Sub-section (1) Gi †kl jvB‡b _vKv “thrice” kãwUi ’‡j

“twice” kãwU cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nB‡e;

4| D³ Act Gi Section 138 Gi Sub-section (3) Gi ci wb¤œiƒc kZ© (proviso) mwbœ‡ewkZ

nB‡e, h_vt-

“Provided that no bank or financial institution shall receive or take any

cheque(s) as security against a loan.”

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5| ACT NO.XXVI OF 1881 Gi section 141 Gi ms‡kvab|- D³ Act Gi Section 141

Gi Clause (c) Gi ¯’‡j bZzb Clause (c) cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nB‡e, h_vt-

“(c) every offence under section 138 will be compoundable which shall

be considered by the court after hearing both the parties, firstly, at the

time of framing of the charge, secondly, at any stage of the hearing

before pronouncement of the judgement.”

6| D³ Act Gi Section 141 Gi bZzb Clause (c) Gi ci wb¤œiƒc bZyb Clause (d) mwbœ‡ewkZ

nB‡e, h_vt-

“(d) no court inferior to that of a Metropolitan Magistrate or a Judicial

Magistrate of the first class shall try any offence punishable under

section 138.”

¯^vÿwiZ /= 31.12.2017

(wePvicwZ G. wU. Gg. dR‡j Kexi)

m`m¨

¯^vÿwiZ /= 31.12.2017

(wePvicwZ G. we. Gg. Lvqiæj nK )

‡Pqvig¨vb

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