The Navajo Nation Background 1868 Treaty Right to Exclude – Williams v. Lee Education Frye Law...
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![Page 1: The Navajo Nation Background 1868 Treaty Right to Exclude – Williams v. Lee Education Frye Law Firm, P.C. .](https://reader037.fdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022103022/56649cac5503460f9496edff/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Navajo Nation
• Background• 1868 Treaty• Right to Exclude – Williams v. Lee• Education
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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Congressional Treatment circa 1950
• 1947 Appropriation• Utah Land Exchange/Airport (1949)• Navajo-Hopi Rehabilitation Act (1950)• 25 U.S.C. § 633• Subsequent amendments• Austin v. Andrus (1981)• NN v US (2009)
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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1964 Civil Rights Act – Title VII
• “race, color, religion, sex, or national origin” discrimination
• Mundt amendment (“Indian preference programs now in operation or later to be instituted”)
• 1988 Guidance (per Thomas)• 638 amendment (1994)
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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Early Navajo Nation Initiatives
• Tribal preference guidelines (1973)• Department of Labor position• U.S. Commission on Civil Rights position
(1975)• EEOC involvement (SRP settlement)
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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DOI Leasing
• IMLA, Long-term Leasing Act, Rehabilitation Act
• Austin v. Andrus (1981)• S. Udall deposition
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://fryelaw.us
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Judicial Backdrop
• Dawavendewa I (1998)• cert. denied
• Karuk (2001)• Dawavendewa II (2002)• cert. denied
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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Peabody I (D. Ct.)
• Rule 19 dismissal – Navajo Nation absent
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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Peabody II (9th Cir.)
• Reversal: EEOC join Navajo Nation if no affirmative relief sought against it• cert. denied
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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Peabody III (D. Ct.)
• Rule 19 dismissal – EEOC indeed sought affirmative relief against Navajo Nation
• Rule 19 dismissal – Secretary of Interior absent• National trusteeship policies• Leasing Regulations• Consistent Practice
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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Peabody IV (9th Cir.)
• Ignore EEOC’s pleadings• Secretary can be impleaded under Rule 14 • cert. denied
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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Peabody V (D. Ct.)
• Peabody impleaded Secretary• Secretary’s position – consistent with
Solicitor General’s position
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us
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Peabody VI (9th Cir.)
• Argued May 2014• Strong Federal brief
Frye Law Firm, P.C.http://www.fryelaw.us