Lesson Overview Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter Lesson Overview 1.2 The Nature of Matter.
The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)
-
Upload
eustacia-sharp -
Category
Documents
-
view
223 -
download
1
Transcript of The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)
![Page 1: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Nature of MatterIntro to Chemistry(Matter & energy)
![Page 2: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Chemistry?
Chemistry is the study of the ___________ and __________ of ______ and the ________ it undergoes.
composition propertiesmatter changes
Matter is all of the stuff around
you!
![Page 3: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What’s Matter?Matter is anything that has _____ and takes up ______
massSpace (has volume!)
Mass is the amount of ______ that a substance possesses.
matter
Weight is the effect of _______ on that mass.
gravity
![Page 4: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Mass vs. WeightSay you weigh ____ pounds on Earth and you travel to the moon.
150
You will only weigh ___ pounds, because the moon has ____ the ________.
251/6
Your _______ changes, but you still have the same _____ and take up the same amount of ______.
weightmass
space
gravity
![Page 5: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Types of MatterMatter is made of either ______________ or ________.pure substances mixtures
A pure substance is made of only ____ type of particle that cannot be separated easily.
one
A mixture is made of _____ or _____ types of particles that can be easily separated.
two more
![Page 6: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Matter
Can it be physically separated?
NOYES
Mixture
Can it be chemically
decomposed?
Pure Substance
Is the composition
uniform?
Yes No
Homogeneous Mixture
Yes No
Compound Element
![Page 7: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Pure SubstancesA pure substance can be ___________ into smaller and smaller particles – but every piece still has the same _________ as the whole.
subdivided
properties
A pure substance that is made of only one type of ______ is called an _______.
atomelement
![Page 8: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Pure Substances
–contain only ONE kind of atom– #1-93 occur naturally, the rest are synthetic (#94-118)
–Ex - copper gold
ELEMENTS ELEMENTS
![Page 9: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Atoms & ElementsAtoms are considered the ________ blocks of all ______, and cannot be _________ or __________.
buildingmatter
created destroyed
There are approximately ____ different types of atoms, each with its own unique ___________.
109
Composition (#p, #e, #n)
If two or more atoms are ________ together, this substance is called a _________. (It’s still a “pure substance”)
joined
compound
![Page 10: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Pure Substances• COMPOUND• composed of 2 or more
elements in a fixed ratio–New properties different from individual elements
The compound has completely different properties than the element!
NaClNa
Cl2
![Page 12: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Compounds
moleculecompound
Compounds are made by forming chemical ______ between ______.bonds atoms
The smallest naturally-occurring unit of a __________ is called a ________.If substances are combined but they do ____ form chemical ______, the substance is called a _________. (it is no longer a “pure substance”)
NOT bondsMIXTURE
**A Chemical Bond occurs when Atoms Transfer or Share Valence Electrons**
![Page 13: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
MIXTURESMIXTURES
• Made of two or more separate compounds and or elements in variable amounts
• Weak or Strong Kool –Aid is still Kool-Aid but I can’t have weak or strong Water
• Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Solutions
![Page 14: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Matter Flow Chart
![Page 15: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
A mixture that has the same ___________ throughout the substance is called a _____________ mixture.composition
homogeneous
Examples of homogeneous mixtures:
salt waterair
vanilla puddingGatorade
![Page 16: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
MixturesA mixture that does not have the same ___________ throughout the substance is called a _____________ mixture. You can usually see the components of this mixture!
compositionheterogeneous
Examples of heterogeneous mixtures:
soil
Rocky Road ice cream
fruit saladmixed nuts
![Page 17: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Which is it?
ElementCompoundMixture
![Page 19: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Flowchart of Matter
Matter
MixturePure
Substance
Homo-geneous
Hetero-geneous
Compound Element
![Page 20: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Properties of Matter___________ properties are those characteristics that can be _________ using our senses without changing the _______ of the substance.
Physicalobserved
Common physical properties include:color
odordensityphysical state
melting point
boiling point
identity
mass
![Page 21: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Properties of Matter________ properties describe a substance’s ability to undergo _________ in ________. They become something entirely new!!!
Chemical
changes identity
Examples:_____ reacts with ____ and _____ to form ____Iron air water
Rust (also known as Iron Oxide)
______, ____ and _____ become _____ in the presence of _____.Flour egg sugarcake heat
![Page 22: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Changes in MatterThe changes that matter undergoes can be classified as either ________ or _________ changes.
physicalchemical
Physical changes alter the _________ properties of the substance, but not its basic ___________. (still the same stuff!)
physical
composition
*A physical change: changes what you ______ like, but not ____ you ____.look who are
![Page 23: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Physical vs. Chemical Physical Change -
changes the form of a substance without changing its identity
properties remain the same
Examplesdissolving, changes of phase
(solid, liquid, or gas) ie: melting, boiling, freezing!)
![Page 24: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Changes in MatterA chemical change alters the __________ and _________ of a substance.composition structure
Chemical changes are always accompanied by changes in _______.energy
*A chemical change: changes ____________ about you!everything
The __________ of a chemical change have _________ properties!
productsdifferent
![Page 25: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Physical vs. ChemicalChemical Change -
changes the identity of a substance
products have different properties
ID by color change, bubbles, heat change, precipitate
Examples rust, burning paper, ice pack
![Page 26: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Chemical Changes
• Signs of a Chemical Change change in color or odor
formation of a gas formation of a precipitate (solid) change in light or heat
![Page 27: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Chemical Changes - Physical vs. Chemical
![Page 28: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Physical vs. Chemical
• Examples:
–rusting iron
–dissolving in water
–burning a log
–melting ice
–grinding spices
chemical
physical
chemical
physical
physical
![Page 29: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Physical vs. Chemical
Physical
Chemical
![Page 30: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Qualitative vs. Quantitative
• Qualitative analysis deals with the _________ of a substance:qualities
colorodor
State of matter
** These can be _________ without regard for the ________ of the substance.
observedamount
![Page 31: The Nature of Matter Intro to Chemistry (Matter & energy)](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062407/56649e635503460f94b5f2db/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Qualitative vs. Quantitative
• Quantitative analysis deals with __________ the substance.measuring
THINK!!! Quantitative = QUANTITY
temperaturemass
volume