The Mosque And Muslim Society Mosque design reflects local culture Some mosques from around the...
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Transcript of The Mosque And Muslim Society Mosque design reflects local culture Some mosques from around the...
The Mosque
And
Muslim Society
Mosque design reflects local culture
Some mosques from around the world:
‘Umayyid Mosque, Damascus, Syria
Masjid e-Jami, Isfahan, Iran
Friday Mosque, Herat, Afghanistan
Tua Ternate, Indonesia
Hagia SofiaIstanbul
Hagia Sofia, Interior
Ottomans built a mosque on each hill of Istanbul
Djenne, Mali
Yamma Mosque, Mali
Great Mosque, Xian, China
Bhong Mosque, Indonesia, 1932
The Grand Mosque at Mecca
Ka’aba
Pilgrims walking around the Ka’aba
Seven Elements of the Mosque
What are the seven elements?
Dome
Minaret
Mihrab
Minbar
Sabil
Courtyard
Design and Decoration
Egypt 870
India 1550
China
MinaretCall to prayer 5 times a day
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem
Dome
Symbolizes the Sky and Heavens:The Universe
Interior of Dome from Al-Mesquita,the Great Mosque of Cordoba
Mihrab
• Niche
• On Wall Facing Mecca
• Symbolizing a doorway into heaven
• Muslims face it whenpraying
Minbar
Pulpit for Friday Sermon
Community comes together to listen, meet and discuss
Kossovo
Wooden minbar, complex of al-Ashraf Barsbay, 1423.Mamluk, Cairo
Sultan Hasan Mosque, Cairo
Mihrab Minbar
Sabil--FountainCharity, compassion, purity
Schools were often built on the floor above the sabil
Courtyard
Community
Social Gathering
Trade
Sultan Hasan built a mosque complex, including a school, a sabil, and a tomb. Why do you think he would do this?
Aerial View of the Complex
Do you see the courtyard?
Why do you think the building is “crooked?”
Islamic Design and Decoration
There are no images of human beings in mosques
Only God can create human beings
NatureCarved wood panel from Egypt, 1200
God is visible in
Nature
Geometry
The Words of the Qur’an
Islamic decorative elements fall into three categories:
• Geometric designs
• Floral/Natural designs
• Calligraphic inscriptions
Calligraphy of a verseFrom the Qur’an
Geometric design
More calligraphy “In the name of God”
Complex of Mamluk Sultan Qalawun, 1284 – 1285,
Cairo
Detail of Calligraphy
There is only one word used in this pattern: “Allah”
Mosque of Hazrat Ali, Afghanistan
7th – 16th centuries
Writing itself became an ornate art form
All of the geometric tile patterns were made from circles.
The Seven Elements of a Mosque
Minaret: prayer and community
Dome: Religion is universal – all are welcome
Mihrab: Community Prayer
Minbar: Community gathers to learn and talk
Courtyard: Social gathering place
Sabil: Charity and compassion Cleanliness before God
Decoration: Glorify God through nature, perfect geometry, and words.
Geometric designs from circles – “Islamic graph paper”