The Mongols and World History
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Transcript of The Mongols and World History
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The Mongols and World HistoryThe Formation and Dissolution of Nomadic Empires
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Age of Cross-Cultural Interaction(1000 – 1500 CE)
•Nomadic Empires•Sub-Saharan Africa•Western Europe in the High Middle Ages•The Americas and Oceania•Cross-Cultural Interactions c.1500
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•Formation of Nomadic Empire ▫Features of nomadic life▫Chinggis Khan (1206-1227)▫Maintenance and division of Mongolian
Empire(s)
•Marco Polo and Kublai Khan▫Route and Experiences▫Influence on western conceptions of “the east”
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Key Points•The Mongolian rise to power depended on a
confluence of political, economic, and regional factors
•The united Mongolian empire under Chinggis Khan fragmented on his death into 4 successor states
•Marco Polo’s journeys demonstrate growing (commercial and cultural) interaction by 1300
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I. Formation of Nomadic Empires
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Temujin / Chinggis Khan (c.1160 – 1227)
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“Mongol” – award-winning film by Sergei Bodrove (subtitled) Mongol (2007: Chinggis' wife stolen)
Mongol (2007-brothers divided) Mongol (2007- Mongols united))
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Mongolian military: cavalry, archery, gunpowder, siege equipment, support systems
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Chinggis Khan establishes Mongolian script and law code
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Heaven has appointed me to rule all the nations, for hitherto there has been no order upon the steppes. --Genghis Khan
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Key factors that led c.125,000 warriors to build the largest land empire in history
•Military prowess
•Adaptation of local societies/talents
•Timing: fragmentation of postclassical states
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Area controlled by Chinggis Khan (1227)
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The Mongolian Empires:Yuan, Chagatai, Il-Khanate, Golden Horde
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Mongolian Empires at greatest extent (c.1294)
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Mongolian Empire, 1204
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Mongolian Empire, 1218
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Mongolian Empire, 1227
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Mongolian Empire, 1246
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Mongolian Empires, 1286
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II. Marco Polo (1254 – 1324)
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Venice and Trade c.1000 - 1500
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Kublai Khan (1215 – 1294)
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Marco Polo’s travels (c.1271 – 1295)
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The Travels of Marco Polo
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Marco Polo’s travels (c.1271 – 1295)
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Contrasting Responses to Contact:West (European/Asian) and East Asian