The Missouri Compromise

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THE MISSOUR I COMPROMISE America’s First Slavery Debate

Transcript of The Missouri Compromise

The Missouri Compromise

THE MISSOURI COMPROMISEAmericas First Slavery Debate

=OF STATES

Photo by Alan Light

ADMISSIONPhoto by Libido LoungeNew States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union

U.S. Constitution (Art. 4)The Pledging Process

Missouri applies for admission into the Union as a SLAVE STATE.Icon by Ted Grajeda The Noun Project1819

Tallmadge Amendment"And provided, That the further introduction of slavery or involuntary servitude be prohibitedand that all children born within the said State, after the admission thereof into the Union, shall be free at the age of twenty-five years."Rep. James Tallmadge(R- NY)

1819

Tallmadge AmendmentMissouri can be admitted to the Union upon accepting GRADUAL EMANCIPATIONRep. James Tallmadge(R- NY)

1819

PARITYSlave StatesFree StatesDelawareGeorgiaMarylandSouth CarolinaVirginiaNorth CarolinaKentuckyTennesseeLouisianaMississippiNew JerseyPennsylvaniaConnecticutMassachusettsNew HampshireNew YorkRhode IslandVermontOhioIndianaIllinois

Balance Between Slave and Free States

PARITY

Balance Between Slave and Free States1820 - 1850

TRAJECTORY

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Some rights reservedbyNational Museum of American HistoryNorthwest Ordinance1787SLAVERY OUTLAWEDin Northwest Territories

Alabama admitted as a SLAVE STATE without fanfare.Icon by Ted Grajeda The Noun Project1819Photo by James Willamor

PARITYSlave StatesFree StatesDelawareGeorgiaMarylandSouth CarolinaVirginiaNorth CarolinaKentuckyTennesseeLouisianaMississippiAlabama New JerseyPennsylvaniaConnecticutMassachusettsNew HampshireNew YorkRhode IslandVermontOhioIndianaIllinois

Balance Between Slave and Free States

BicameralismSENATEPassed without Tallmadge AmendmentPhoto by Martin FalbisonerHOUSE

BicameralismSENATEPassed with Tallmadge AmendmentPassed without Tallmadge AmendmentPhoto by Martin FalbisonerHOUSE

BicameralismSENATEPassed with Tallmadge AmendmentPassed without Tallmadge Amendment

CONFERENCEPhoto by Martin FalbisonerHOUSE

HENRYCLAYU.S. Senator(Kentucky)

THE GREATCOMPROMISER

Clays proposal:

Admit Missouri as a Slave State.Admit Maine as a Free State.Prohibit slavery in the territories of the Louisiana Purchase north of the 3630 parallel.

BicameralismSENATEPassed WITH Clays Compromise ProposalPassed WITH Clays Compromise ProposalPhoto by Martin FalbisonerHOUSE

3630

3630SLAVERYMap Credit: Golbez

HAPPILYEVERAFTER

nope

THE SAGE of MonticelloThomas Jefferson to John Holmes22 April 1820

This momentous question, like a fire bell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror

I considered it at once as the knell of the Union.

KNELLPhoto by Vladimer Shioshvilin. the sound of a bell, especially when rung solemnly for a death or funeral.

It is hushed indeed for the moment. but this is a reprieve only, not a final sentence. a geographical line, coinciding with a marked principle, moral and political, once conceived and held up to the angry passions of men, will never be obliterated; and every new irritation will mark it deeper and deeper.

I can say with conscious truth that there is not a man on earth who would sacrifice more than I would, to relieve us from this heavy reproach, in any practicable way.Johnson Eastman, The Lord is My Shepherd (1863)

Johnson Eastman, The Lord is My Shepherd (1863)A general emancipation and expatriation could be effected: and, gradually, and with due sacrifices, I think it might be.

Auribus teneo lupumPhoto by Neil McIntosh20 Latin Phrases You Should Be Using (Mental Floss)

Michelle MikiefskyUsed With Permission http://windward.hawaii.edu/facstaff/miliefsky-m

I regret that I am now to die in the belief that the useless sacrifice of themselves, by the generation of 76. to acquire self government and happiness to their country, is to be thrown away by the unwise and unworthy passions of their sons

My only consolation is to be that I live not to weep over it. if they would but dispassionately weigh the blessings they will throw away against an abstract principle more likely to be effected by union than by scission, they would pause before they would perpetrate this act of suicide on themselves and of treason against the hopes of the world.

ANTEBELLUM1820-1860

A South Carolina PerspectiveDuring the debate, Charles Pinckney (SC) defended slavery as a positive good.

Pinckneys opinions did not hold much water outside of South Carolina at the time, but as Northerners continued to criticize slavery, more Southerners began to defend the institution.

Pinckneys Speech

Pinckney

LETS REVIEW:

Admit Missouri as a Slave State.Admit Maine as a Free State.Prohibit slavery in the territories of the Louisiana Purchase north of the 3630 parallel.