Genetic side - effects during gene replacement in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The microbial world S. Cerevisiae (yeast) Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Transcript of The microbial world S. Cerevisiae (yeast) Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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The microbial world
S. Cerevisiae (yeast)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Taxonomy – branch of biology concerned with grouping and naming organisms
Classifying Life
Historical Classification Systems-Used only morphological characteristics
-Anatomy-Physiology-Fossil record
Current Classification System-Uses genetic sequences (DNA, RNA, protein)
-along with morphological data
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3 Domain System-Bacteria and Archaea domains contain prokaryotes-Domain Eukarya split into supergroups
Eukarya further grouped into kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
Classifying LifeCurrent Classification System
Group organisms based on evolutionary relatedness
Bacteria Archea Eukarya
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Metagenomics - study of all the DNA in a particular environment
Minnesota Mississippi Metagenomics Project
Project examining the microbial diversity along the Mississippi River
Exploring microbial diversity
Microbial World
DNA is isolated and sequenced
Can be used to identify and group the organisms, as well as indicate functionality
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Domain Bacteria - The Cyanobacteriaexample: Gleocapsa
Autotrophic (“self feeding”) – makes organic molecules from inorganic ones.
Phototrophic – obtain energy from light
Prokaryotic –no membrane-enclosed organelles (no nucleus)
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Domain Eukarya; Kingdom Eulgenozoaexample: Euglena
Mixotroph - obtains food from inorganic sources and organic sources (other living organisms)
Stigma (eye-spot)
Flagellum
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Domain Eukarya; Kingdom ViridiplantaePhylums Chlorophyta & Streptophyta
Photoautotrophic – photosynthesizes
Closely related to plants
Example: Spirogyra
Example: Volvox
Example: Chlamydomonas
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Domain Eukarya; Kingdom Alveolataexamples: Paramecium and Blepharisma
Heterotrophic (“other feeding”) – ingests other organisms
Chemotrophic – obtain energy from oxidation of organic molecules
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Phylum Rhizopodaexample: Amoeba
Chemoheterotrophic – engulfs preyphagocytosispinocytosis
Pseudopodia (“false feet”)-Cytoplasmic extensions