The Mexican Revolution Lindsey Chmielewski Erin Cue Rachel Shipps.
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Transcript of The Mexican Revolution Lindsey Chmielewski Erin Cue Rachel Shipps.
The Mexican Revolution
Lindsey ChmielewskiErin Cue
Rachel Shipps
Mexican Revolution
ChronologyAftermath - Constitution of 1917“Viva Zapata!”
Pre Revolution (1906-1911)
1876 - Lost presidential election, revolted & seized power. Maderno candidacy & arrestJuly 8, 1910 - Díaz is reelectedOct, 1910 - Plan de San Luis PotosíNov. 20, 1910
Díaz
First Phase (1911-1913)
May 25, 1911 - Díaz resignsOct, 1911 - Madero is elected president
Madero•Nov, 1911 - Plan de Ayala
Zapata
Second Phase (1913-1914)Ten Tragic Days (Feb 9-18)
Rebellion of Bernardo Reyes, Felix Díaz
Feb. 11 - Madero names Huerta commander of Plaza de ArmasFeb. 18 - Huerta betrays MaderoFeb. - Anti-Huerta organizing
Huerta
Third Phase (July 1914 - 1919)
July 1914 - Huerta resignsAug. 20 - Carranza enters Mexico City & assumes executive powerSept. 23 - Villa declares war on CarranzaOct. - ConventionsOct 12 - Nov 12 - Convention of Aguascalientes
Carranza
Third Phase (July 191 4-1919)
Carranza claims Veracruz as capitalNov. 23 - Villa & Zapata occupy Mexico City1915 - Carranza government is recognized by USJan. 11 - Villa executes 15 Americans in assault in San Isabel1916 - Villa raids Columbus, NM & kills 19 Americans
Villa
Third Phase (July 1914-1919)
March 15 - Pershing Punitive ExpeditionJan. 27, 1917 - Withdrawal of ExpeditionJan. 31 - Mexican ConstitutionMarch 11 - Carranza elected presidentApril 10, 1919 - Zapata is assassinated
Pershing
Fourth Phase (1920)June 1 - Obregón declares candidacyApril 2 - Carranza calls Obregón to Mexico CityApril 20 - Obregón declares rebellion against CarranzaMay 21 - Carranza is assassinatedSept. 5 - Obregón elected president
July 20, 1923 - Villa is assassinated
Obregón
Constitutional Congress--Querétaro
Members of Congress had many revolutionary political and social ideasTheir views ranged from moderate to very radical.The Constitution of 1917 was more radical than Carranza’s initial proposals.Signed Jan 31, 1917 and published Feb 5.
The Constitution of 1917 - Jorge González Camarena
Constitution of 1917First Revolutionary ConstitutionAttempted to limit the power of the Catholic Church, foreign and national estate owners, and industrialistsContained many articles that would go on to shape labor laws, but was not anti-capitalistEstablished ejidos--communal land holdings
Individual Guarantees
Article 3• Primary education is obligatory
and free.• Separation of religion and
education so as to guarantee religious freedom.
Article 27--LandOwnership of land and waters belongs primarily to the nationTransfer of direct control and privatization of property is subject to public interest.Authorized the expropriation of large estates.Subsoil rights are the exclusive domain of the nation (i.e. oil, mining)Specified conditions for foreign ownership of landExcluded the Church from owning property.
Article 123--Labor and Social Security Right to organize in trade unions
granted as a social guarantee (first inclusion of such a law in the constitution of any country).
Right to strike. Limits work hours, established a
day of rest per week Equal pay for equal work,
compensation for work-related injuries, and hygienic working conditions
Sets limitations on work for women and children
REALITY under the new Constitution
Following Obregón’s election (1920), state building beginsMuch of the promised change found in the Constitution is not implementedRevolutionary banditry becomes a more direct way to “take from the rich, give to the poor” without the government bureaucracy
“Viva Zapata!” (1952)Directed by Elia Kazan; screenplay by John Steinbeck; starring Marlon Brando and Anthony Quinn (best supporting actor)Unique among American movies set at the time of the Revolution; most used the conflict as backdrop for Westerns Mainly true to the events of Zapata’s life, and placed appropriate emphasis on land as his priorityGovernmental turmoil, open-ended warfare and disillusionment represented Storyline romanticized
Referenceshttp://zedilloworld.presidencia.gob.mx/PAGES/culture/note_5feb.htmlhttp://www.elbalero.gob.mx/kids/history/html/rev/constitu.htmlhttp://www.ilstu.edu/class/hist263/docs/1917const.htmlhttp://www.mexconnect.com/mex_travel/acogan/acbkzapata.htmlhttp://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/VivaZapata-1022925/about.php.html