The Mass Spectrometer
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The Mass Spectrometer 2 2 1 / 2 2 1 2 r x q mV B qB mv r m qV v qV mv
description
The Mass Spectrometer. 質譜儀. Isotope Separation Centrifuge and diffusion chamber. 同位素分離. 迴旋加速器 ( cyclotrons ). 迴旋頻率不因速率增加而改變，因此可用定頻交流電持續加速）. 同步加速器 ( synchrotrons). The resonance condition: When proton energy > 50Mev: Out of resonance (relativistic effect) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of The Mass Spectrometer
The Mass Spectrometer
2
21
/2
2
1 2
rx
q
mV
BqB
mvr
mqVv
qVmv
u93.2038
222
22
V
qxBm
q
mV
Brx
Isotope Separation Centrifuge and diffusion chamber
質譜儀
同位素分離
迴旋加速器 (cyclotrons)
迴旋頻率不因速率增加而改變，因此可用定頻交流電持續加速）
The resonance condition:When proton energy > 50Mev:
– Out of resonance (relativistic effect) – A huge magnet (4×106 m2) is needed for
high energy (500Gev) protons The proton sychrotron at Fermilab ca
n produces 1Tev proton
oscff
同步加速器 (synchrotrons)
Fermilab – 6.3km Tevatron
載流導線
載流導線所受的磁力
BLiF
iLBBqvF
viLitq
B
dB
d
sin
/
載流線圈
Speaker
Voice-coil positioner of a HDD
MHD Propulsion
Maglev Trains
EM Rail Gun
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Positron Emission Tomography
Bone Scanning and Heart Disease
Nuclear Medicine Images
III.3 電磁感應 Two symmetric Situations
– current loop + magnetic field → torque– torque + magnetic field → current
Two ExperimentsApplications
First Experiment
A Magnet is moving with respect to the loop
Second Experiment
The switch S is closed or opened
Faraday’s law
An emf is induced when the number of magnetic field lines that pass through the loop is changing
2m1T=1Wb =1Weber A dBB
turns)(N
dt
dN
dt
d
B
B
E
E
A Simple Example
RBlvi
BlvdtBldx
dtBlxddtd
BlxBAFvP
/
/
/)(/
,
RvLBRRBLvRiP
RvLBFvP
RvLBiLBF
/)/(
/
/
22222
222
22
Magnetic Tape Recording
Electric Guitar
The Playback Head
The moving-coil microphone
Transformer
Transmitting Electricity
Eddy currentsThe electromagnetic braking
The electromagnetic braking
Metal detector
III.4 電磁波
加速之電荷會產生電磁波 時變電場產生感應磁場；時變磁場產生感應電場
電磁波頻譜（光譜） 雷射（ Laser ）
LC 震盪器
時變電場與時變磁場
電波與磁波
) sin(
) sin(
t kx B B
t kx E E
m
m
電磁波頻譜
Theory of Lasers
He-Ne Lasers
Applications of Lasers
Compact Disc
Theory of X-ray
Medical X-rays
2D and 3D X-ray Images
