Today’s Topics

• The Market Revolution

• Immigration

1

Population Distribution, 1790 and 1850 By 1850, high population density characterized parts of the Midwest as well

as the Northeast.

1900 Census of Population, Statistical Atlas, plates 2 and 8. 2

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition

Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company

Map 9.2 The Market Revolution: Western Settlement, 1800-1820 3

• 1837 John Deere’s steel plow

• 1834 McCormick reaper

• Roads and Steamboats

• The Erie Canal

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Map 9.1 The Market Revolution: Roads and Canals, 1840

• Railroads and the Telegraph

6

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition

Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company

Map 9.2 The Market Revolution: Western Settlement, 1800-1820 7

• The Cotton Kingdom

8 Map 9.4 The Market Revolution : the spread of cotton

cultivation, 1820–1840

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• The Growth of Cities

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Five Points District, artist unknown, c. 1829 Working-class neighborhoods like the infamous Five Points District in New York, shown in this anonymous 1829 picture, were filthy, unhealthy, and crime-ridden.

Five Points District, artist unknown, c. 1829

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 11

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Idp7fLSo-nE

– Industry

• Samuel Slater, first textile mill 1790

• 1814 1st large factory in MA

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Middlesex Company Woolen Mills, Lowell, Massachusetts, c. 1848, artist unknown (Museum of American Textile History)

• The Factory System

13

• The “Mill Girls”

14 A broadside from 1853, illustrating the

long hours of work

Women at work tending machines

in the Lowell

textile mills.

Voices of Freedom pg. 166-168 Participation Assignment #6

1) What is the title of the document? When was this document written? Who is the author?

2) What is the central issue?

3) Who were the mill girls?

4) Why does the female factory worker compare her conditions with those of slaves?

5) Why does she doubt the sincerity of the Christian beliefs of the factory owners?

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1820s Nile’s Weekly Register

“The American Republic invites nobody to come. We will keep out nobody. Arrivals will suffer no disadvantages as aliens. But they can expect no advantage either. Native-born and foreign-born face equal opportunities. What happens to them depends entirely on their individual ability and exertions, and on good fortune.” John Quincy Adams

A History of the American People

19

Immigration • The Irish

• 1. Three waves of Irish immigration:

• 2. Enter work force at the bottom

• 3. Compete with African-Americans and native-born

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Immigration • The German immigrants

• 1. More diverse

• 2. Cluster in German neighborhoods

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Anti-immigrant & Nativism

• 1850s, a nativist society, Order of the Star-Spangled Banner, becomes Know-Nothing Party

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v

=3s2d3kkP1rg

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UM4UWh9EwKA

23-40mins