The Magnificent Peacockfiles.ctctcdn.com › 12abcba3401 › 07f091f6-704f-419e-bf41-10703be… ·...

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Glass is a wonderful substance. Everything makes it an incomparable plastic medium in the hands of an ingenious artist, offering his imagination and talent almost limitless scope for discovery.” ―René Lalique This is the second part of an article about peacocks and the world’s fascination with them, including me. In Part I of The Magnificent Peacock (Issue 120), I covered some of the Byzantine era of art and early Christian symbolism of the peacock. The peacock continues to be a symbol of both spiritual symbolism and decadence right up to the present day. The scale of the peacock’s influence in art is prevalent in the art nouveau period (18901910), and the art deco movement of the the first part of the 20 th century. And, today, in the culture of the abstract, modern, and postmodern art, the peacock still reigns as one of the most illustrated creatures in animal art. Art Nouveau (18901910) The Art Nouveau movement swept through the decorative arts and architecture in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was largely a reaction to the fussy, inhibited style of the Classic period. Nouveau artists worked to emphasize creativity, new techniques and materials. The style went out of fashion after it gave way to Art Deco in the 1920s, but it experienced a popular revival in the 1960s, and it is now seen as an important predecessor of modernism. Towards the end of the 1800’s, a group of English artists and designers became known as the Aesthetics. Their credo was "art for art's sake," and their goal was to produce and experience works of beauty and pleasurable resonance. British illustrator and author, Aubrey Beardsley was one of the Aesthetics. His illustrations comprised characteristics of Aestheticism, Decadence, Symbolism, and, most apparently, Art Nouveau. The title of his illustration “The Peacock Skirt” and the peacock décor is likely a reference to the play’s dialogue where Herod offers Salome a gift of peacocks. By Martin Cheek Part 2 The Magnificent Peacock Art Nouveau to present Fashion inspired by Art Alexander McQueen F/W 2008/ “The Peacock Skirt” for Oscar Wilde’s play Salomé 1892 illustration by Aubrey Beardsley One should either be a work of art or wear a piece of artOscar Wilde

Transcript of The Magnificent Peacockfiles.ctctcdn.com › 12abcba3401 › 07f091f6-704f-419e-bf41-10703be… ·...

Page 1: The Magnificent Peacockfiles.ctctcdn.com › 12abcba3401 › 07f091f6-704f-419e-bf41-10703be… · “Glass is a wonderful substance. Everything makes it an incomparable plastic medium

“Glass is a wonderful substance. Everything makes it an incomparable plastic medium in the hands of an ingenious artist, offering his imagination and talent almost limitless scope for discovery.”  ―René  Lalique  This  is  the  second  part  of  an  article  about  peacocks  and  the  world’s  fascination  with  them,  including  me.  In  Part  I  of  The  Magnificent  Peacock  (Issue  120),  I  covered  some  of  the  Byzantine  era  of  art  and  early  Christian  symbolism  of  the  peacock.  The  peacock  continues  to  be  a  symbol  of  both  spiritual  symbolism  and  decadence  right  up  to  the  present  day.  The  scale  of  the  peacock’s  influence  in  art  is  prevalent  in  the  art  nouveau  period  (1890-­‐1910),  and  the  art  deco  movement  of  the  the  first  part  of  the  20th  century.    And,  today,  in  the  culture  of  the  abstract,  modern,  and  post-­‐modern  art,  the  peacock  still  reigns  as  one  of  the  most  illustrated  creatures  in  animal  art.        

Art  Nouveau  (1890-­‐1910)  The  Art  Nouveau  movement  swept  through  the  decorative  arts  and  architecture  in  the  late  19th  and  early  20th  centuries.    It  was  largely  a  reaction  to  the  fussy,  inhibited  style  of  the  Classic  period.  Nouveau  artists  worked  to  emphasize  creativity,  new  techniques  and  materials.    The  style  went  out  of  fashion  after  it  gave  way  to  Art  Deco  in  the  1920s,  but  it  experienced  a  popular  revival  in  the  1960s,  and  it  is  now  seen  as  an  important  predecessor  of  modernism.    Towards  the  end  of  the  1800’s,  a  group  of  English  artists  and  designers  became  known  as  the  

Aesthetics.  Their  credo  was  "art  for  art's  sake,"  and  their  goal  was  to  produce  and  experience  works  of  beauty  and  pleasurable  resonance.      

British  illustrator  and  author,  Aubrey  Beardsley  was  one  of  the  Aesthetics.  His  illustrations  comprised  characteristics  of  Aestheticism,  Decadence,  Symbolism,  and,  most  apparently,  Art  Nouveau.  The  title  of  his  illustration  “The  Peacock  Skirt”  and  the  peacock  décor  is  likely  a  reference  to  the  play’s    dialogue  where  Herod  offers  Salome  a  gift    of  peacocks.          

By Martin Cheek

Part 2 The Magnificent Peacock

Art Nouveau to present

Fashion  inspired  by  Art  Alexander  McQueen  F/W  2008/  “The  Peacock  Skirt”  for  Oscar  Wilde’s  play  Salomé  1892  illustration  by  Aubrey  Beardsley  

“One should either be a work of art or wear a piece of art” –Oscar Wilde

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     This  group  of  artists  was  often  inspired  by  the  designs  of  other  cultures  and,  the  peacock,  a  creature  defined  by  beauty,  was  one  of  the  prevailing  symbols  of  the  movement.  The  other  main  symbol  was  the  sunflower,  which  turns  its  face  to  follow  the  sun,  another  apt  metaphor  for  this  pleasure-­‐seeking  group.    Louis  Comfort  Tiffany,  (1848  –  1933)  is  famously  known  for  his  work  in  stained  glass.  He  is  also  the  American  artist  most  associated  with  the  Art  Nouveau  and  Aesthetic  movement.  Tiffany's  work  exemplified  the  movement's  aims  to  develop  a  new  aesthetic  based  in  nature.  What  began  as  formal  interpretations  of  nature  grew  into  a  love  of  lush  naturalism,  and  as  his  artistic  career  progressed,  he  became  increasingly  preoccupied  by  illusionistic  depictions  of  landscapes  and  flowers.  As  successful  perfectionist  he  was  known  to  be,  he  did  not  have  an  intellectual  approach  to  art,  but  a  sensory  one,  where  he  was  keen  to  experience  the  feasts  of  color,  light,  and  texture.      

 Rene  Lalique  (1860  –  1945),  the  famous  French  glass  designer  known  for  his  creations  of  glass  art,  perfume  bottles,  vases,  jewelry,  chandeliers,  

clocks  and,  even,  automobile  hood  ornaments,  made  beautiful  glass  peacocks  as  perfume  bottles  and  fine  jewelled  pendants.      Lalique  was  an  established  jeweler  in  Paris,  and  by  1891,  he  had  begun  to  research  and  experiment  with  glass,  which  became  his  favorite  medium  to  work  in.  He  discovered  that  glass  was  a  more  forgiving  and  less  expensive  material  to  work  with.    This  medium  became  an  endless  source  of  inspiration  for  him.  

   

   William  Morris  (1834-­‐1896),  was  the  father  of  what  the  Arts  &  Crafts  Movement  in  Britain  which  coincided  with  the  Art  Nouveau  period.    The  movement  has  its  roots  in  England  and  became  an  international  phenomenon,  which  spread  throughout  Europe  and  North  America  between  1880  and  1910.    Like  Tiffany,  Morris  felt  that  the  'diligent  study  of  Nature'  was  of  central  importance  to  design.  It  was,  essentially,  an  anti-­‐industrial  movement,  wherein  the  machine  was  soulless  and  inhuman.  The  ideals  held  by  members  of  the  movement  were  about  social  reform  through  the  integration  of  labor  and  art  by  creating  everyday  objects  that  had  the  virtues  of  simplicity,  utility,  nature,  and  for  Morris,  in  particular,  beauty.  Turning  their  backs  to  the  industrial  world,  they  felt  that  working  with  one’s  hands  was  a  much  greater  virtue.                

Lalique,  Tete  De  Paon    Hood  Ornament      

Martin  Cheek,  2015  

"Have nothing in your houses that you do not know to be useful or believe to be beautiful." - Morris  

Peacock  Stained  Glass  Window  Panel.  Lalique  

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Contemporary  and  Modern  Times  

Peacock  feathers  have  become  a  top  wedding  trend.    The  peacock  is  symbolism  for  bringing  luck  to  marriage.    Either  the  feather(s)  or  the  bird  image  can  be  found  as  a  motif  on  invitations,  wedding  programs  and  thank  you  notes.    A  bride  will  sometimes  place  peacock  feathers  into  their  hair  pieces  or  gowns,  coordinate  the  wedding  party  color  schemes  to  that  of  dramatic  blues  and  

purples,  evoking  the  colors  of  the  brightly-­‐colored  peacock.    Even  the  traditional  all  white  gown  can  be  styled  after  a  peacock  such  as  this  all-­‐white  peacock  with  graceful  fanlike  tails.            

 

 

 

 

Source:  Sweet  Violet  Bride,  Google  

The  Wedding  Dress,  Martin  Cheek  Mosaic©  

Peacock  feather  fabric,  Liberty  of  London,  1887.  William  Morris.  

Peacock  Feathers,  Martin  Cheek©  

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   The  peacock  dance,  a  performance  that  is  very  popular  in  Chinese  culture,  especially  in  the  Yunnan,  has  nurtured  the  Dai  people’s  tradition  and  culture.  To  the  Dai  ethnic  group,  it  stands  for  auspiciousness  and  beauty.  Thus  they  create  the  Peacock  Dance  to  reflect  their  respect  for  peace,  honesty  and  beauty.  

When  the  peacock  opens  it’s  fan  wide,  this  is  called  The  Peacock  Dance.  

Flying  peacock:    Peacock  flying  on  rice  field  at  Karaikudi,  Tamilnadu  by  Haribabu  Pasup,  2012  

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     In  answering  the  question  about  why  I  make  so  many  peacocks,  there  is  not  just  one  response  to  answer  the  question.  There  is  so  much  beauty  and  expressionism  surrounding  this  magnificent  bird,  that  I  never  tire  of  creating  the  image.    I  do  create  my  peacock  mosaics  to  look  pompous  and  self  obsessed.  But,  the  peacock's  disposition  is  as  variable  as  that  of  many  other  creatures,  some  being  mild  and    good-­‐tempered,  while  others  are  morose  and    jealous  in  the  extreme,  especially  of  all  quadrupeds.    Perhaps,  like  the  Aesthetics  and  their  credo  "art  for  art's  sake”,  my  credo  is  “I  make  peacocks  for  peacock’s  sake!  “,  with  the  same  goal:    To  produce  and  experience  works  of  beauty  and  pleasurable  resonance!    Keep  that  in  mind  when  you  are  working  on  your  mosaics  and  make  sure  you  are  experiencing  pleasurable  resonance.  If  you  are  not,  then,  you  are  not  connected  to  your  subject  and  need  to  change  course.    Until  next  time,  happy  mosaicking.      Cheers,  

     

Pretty  n  Pink,  Mosaic  by  Martin  Cheek©