The Magazine for the Polygraph Professional€¦ · Regular Features . 4 APA Magazine 2008, 41(6)...

APA Magazine 2008, 41(6) 1

APA MAGAZINE The Magazine for the Polygraph Professional

Donald Krapohl, Editor November/December 2008 Volume 41,6 2009 APA

Elections, p. 13

APA Strategic Plan

2008-2012, p. 36.

2 APA Magazine 2008, 41(6)


Contents Contributors to this issue

Robbie Bennett Carlos Boshell

Barry Cushman Donnie Dutton Keith Gaines

Michael Gougler Michael Lynch

Vickie Murphy-Carr Marty Oelrich Lou Rovner

Chad Russell Pam Shaw

Chuck Slupski Dan Sosnowski Donna Taylor Don Weinstein

Deadlines

This issue closed on November 21, 2008. Deadline for January/February issue is January 21, 2009.

Submission of Articles The APA Magazine is published by t h e A m e r i c a n P o l y g r a p h Association. The mere publication of an article, news item, or notice in this Magazine does not constitute an endorsement by the American Polygraph Association. Advertising and Editorial address is: APA Editor, P.O. Box 10411, Fort Jackson, SC 29207, USA. Subscription address is: APA, P.O. Box 8037, Chattanooga, TN 37414-0037. Subscription rate is US $100.00, mailed periodical class. Outside US $125.00, mailed periodical class. Changes of address should be sent to: APA, P.O. Box 8037, Chattanooga, TN 37414-0037. The Publisher is not responsible for issues not received because of improper address information. Submission of polygraph-related newspaper articles should be sent to: Don Krapohl, P.O. Box 10411, Fort J a c k s o n , S C 2 9 2 0 7 o r [email protected].

Membership News

5 APA Board of Directors 6 Applicants for APA Membership 6 APA Upgrades to Full Member 6 Certificate of Advanced Specialized Training 7 Announcement—Upgrading Membership Classification 8 In Memoriam 9 Financial Contributors 41 Application for Certificate of Advanced and Specialized Training

11 Polygraph Examiner Training Schedule 12 Upcoming Seminars 14 APA 44th Annual Seminar/Workshop - Information and Registration Form 42 Polygraph Schools Accredited by the APA

16 President’s Message 17 Board of Directors’ Reports

9 Buy and Sell 13 Important notice regarding APA Elections 25 Polygraph in the News 29 ASTM Update — Standardization and Ethics, by Marty Oelrich 31 Research Review—Polygraph is Standard Feature of DUI Offenders Program, by Louis Rovner 34 Tech Talk—Teaching New Examiners Old Tricks, by Michael B. Lynch

36 APA Strategic Plan 2008-2012

Special Features

Training & Seminars

From the Board

Regular Features


President Michael Gougler P.O. Box 4022 Lago Vista, TX 78645 [email protected]

President - Elect Daniel E. Sosnowski SOS Services 1069 Jamerson Road Marietta, GA 30066 [email protected]

Chairman of the Board Donnie W. Dutton 47660 Paulsen Square Sterling, VA 20165 [email protected]

Vice President – Government Keith Gaines P.O. Box 10411 Ft. Jackson, SC 29207 [email protected]

Vice President – Private Chuck Slupski P.O. Box 686 Morrow, GA 30260 [email protected]

Vice President – Law Enforcement Pam Shaw EKU, Funderburk Building 521 Lancaster Avenue Richmond, KY 40475 [email protected]

Treasurer Chad Russell 252 Helmsdale Drive Henderson, NV 89104 [email protected]

Director Barry Cushman c/o PPD 109 Middle Street Portland, ME 04101 [email protected]

Director Donald A. Weinstein 30 Blackhawk Court Blythewood, SC 29016-7755 [email protected]

Director Elmer Criswell P.O. Box 68 Duncannon, PA 17020-0068 [email protected]

Secretary Vickie T. Murphy-Carr Maryland Institute of Criminal Justice 8424 Veterans Highway, Suite 3 Millersville, MD 21108-0458 [email protected]

Ex Officio Members National Office Manager Robbie Bennett P.O. Box 8037 Chattanooga, TN 37414-0037 [email protected]

General Counsel Gordon L. Vaughan, Esq. Vaughan & DeMuro 111 S. Tejon St., Suite 410 Colorado Springs, CO 80903-2245

Editor-in-Chief Donald J. Krapohl P.O. Box 10411 Ft. Jackson, SC 29207 [email protected]

APA BOARD OF DIRECTORS

2008-2009 M e m

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Editor’s Corner

Donald J. Krapohl We hope that you like the recent changes in the APA Magazine. In 2009, APA publications will implement more new ideas, thanks in large measure to input from the membership. The Magazine will continue to add interesting features, technical articles, news reports, seminar photos, and some lighter fare, too, in addition to the information columns the Magazine has always carried. There are some new ideas for our journal too. The first issue of Polygraph in 2009 will be a special edition dedicated to articles selected by the APA School Directors. All articles suggested and then elected by majority vote of the School Directors have been included. The goal of this project was to create a standard reference for not just students, but a fundamental resource for all examiners. We think you’ll enjoy it. Look for it in March 2009. As this year comes to a close, I extend my best wishes to all for the coming year. May it bring joy and peace to you and your loved ones. - Don


Applicants for APA Membership

Certificate of Advanced & Specialized Training

Candace R. (Adams) Bavetta Tujunga, California Fred J. Albertson Grand Junction, Colorado Nikola Bozinovski Skopje, Macedonia Megan E. Brown Kingston, Ontario, Canada Thomas J. Cameron Fort Lauderdale, Florida Harry K. Chamberlain, II Hanover, Maryland Dana D. Conley Wauchula, Florida Paul A. D’Angelo Washington, D.C. Martin R. Davila Fresno, California Mark O. Drummond Shawnee, Oklahoma Michael D. Freshour Parkersburg, West Virginia Andrew M. Goldstein Waxhaw, North Carolina James P. Greene Middletown, Delaware Kevin Hamill Alachua, Florida Brian H. Hampton Topeka, Kansas Jon C. Holland Tacoma, Washington Stephen D. Jenkins Norfolk, Virginia Russ R. Johnson North Fork, California Erika L. Lee Detroit, Michigan Cynthia E. Morse Salem, Oregon Mauricio Ortega Zuniga Mexico City, Mexico Maria C. Pauwels Ramirez Bogota, Colombia Maria C. Perez Casorran Madrid, Spain Alfred Podhorodecki Melbourne, Australia Cesar Augusto Rodriguez Rueda Bogota, Colombia Norman J. Ryan Puyallup, Washington John W. Sanders, Jr. Sioux City, Iowa Martin Taylor Victoria, Australia Thomas E. Whitaker Ranch Cucamonga, California Dale A. Young Rockledge, Florida

Christopher Ballard Martin E. Burke Will Draughon

David M. Goldberg Bonnie L. Harrison J. Stephen Harrison Jonathan Laughlin Kathleen A. Roberts

Louis Rovner

APA Upgrades to Full Member

Efraim Admoni Jos Buschman

Eric J. Macolino Sandra Monslave

Rosemary Montalto Terry J. Mullins Lorraine Pagan

Angela Vega-Lavinio

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Upgrading Membership Classification – Associate to Full Member

If you have a college degree and you have completed a minimum of 200 polygraph examinations, request that your membership classification be upgraded from ASSOCIATE to FULL MEMBER. In order for the Board of Directors to act upon your request, it will be necessary for you to: Provide a notarized statement from your supervisor or knowledgeable colleague, who must be a full member of the American Polygraph Association (APA), attesting that you have completed a minimum of 200 polygraph examinations. Please forward the certification directly to: APA National Office P.O. Box 8037 Chattanooga, TN 37414-0037 If you have any problems or questions regarding your membership, please call the National Office Manager at 800/272-8037 or 423/892-3992.

sign up for the online

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see page 22 for details


Nick Savastano The APA regrets to announce the passing of member Nick Savastano on November 22nd at the age of 63. Mr. Savastano, graduated from the National Academy of Lie Detection in 1982 and was an APA member beginning in 1995. He began his law enforcement career as a State Trooper with the Massachusetts State Police where he served for eight years before entering private practice.

In Memoriam


Buy and Sell

Two (2) Lafayette polygraph instruments, Models 760-565 and 760-57. Both are in excellent condition. Including chart paper, ink, extra stylus and manuals. Will consider an offer. Contact Jesse M. Bourne. 706-861-2362

Advertising The American Polygraph Association offers full-color advertising in the bi-monthly magazine. What better way to promote your product or business? Interested? Please send a camera-ready ad in .jpeg format (to preserve your desired formatting) to the editor ([email protected]), and a check in the corresponding amount to Robbie Bennett at the National Office. Here are the rates: Full Page: 6 issues = $1200 5 issues = $1000 4 issues = $ 800 3 issues = $ 600 2 issues = $ 400 1 issue = $ 200 Half Page: 6 issues = $ 600 5 issues = $ 500 4 issues = $ 400 3 issues = $ 300 2 issues = $ 200 1 issue = $ 100 Quarter Page: 6 issues = $ 300 5 issues = $ 250 4 issues = $ 200 3 issues = $ 150 2 issues = $ 100 1 issue = $ 50

The American Polygraph Association expresses its appreciation for the following donors, whose generous contributions help support the mission and programs of the APA:

Frank Argenbright $500 Judd Bank 20 J. Barefoot 25 Charles Bean 25 Silva Calderon Brenes 15 James Carey 100 William Chittenden 50 Colin Cook 25 Luz Del Carmen Diaz 85 John Franks 10 Clifford Freeman 25 Keith Gaines 50 Avital Ginton 50 Richard Gora 25 Larry Hobson 50 Michael Hodge 50 Gary Hoss 50

Homer Killian $ 50 Lynn Marcy 125 Dee Moody 25 Robert Mylott 50 Samual Obasi 25 Patrick Pond 100 Janet Pumphrey 50 Morris Ragus 100 Ernest Roll 50 Chester Romatowski 50 William Scheve 100 Shirley Sturm 100 Ron Tal 25 Ramon Tarafa-Ortiz 20 John Trimarco 100 Woodrow Tripp 5 Don Weinstein 100

Quotables We all have something to give. So if you know how to read, find someone who can’t. If you’ve got a hammer, find a nail. If you’re not hungry, not lonely, not in trouble — seek out someone who is. - George H. W. Bush

Financial Contributors


GET YOUR GRAND OLE OPRY TICKETS NOW!!

Tickets must be purchased through the APA. Everyone who purchases a ticket will be taken to the Cock of the Walk Restaurant for dinner before the show compliments of the APA.

When: Tuesday, August 4, 2009. Cost: $36 per ticket.

Deadline to order tickets: June 22, 2009

Be sure to mark the number of tickets you want on the seminar registration form

MUST BE RETURNED BEFORE THE JUNE 22 DEADLINE!!

Gordon Barland answers the

question, “Is it possible to beat a lie detector?”

on KUTV News 2, Salt Lake City, November 4,

2008.

See KUTV.com for more details.


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Polygraph Examiner Training Schedule

Academy for Scientific Investigative Training

January 5 - February 27, 2009

March 9 - May 1, 2009 May 11 - July 3, 2009

September 21 - November 13, 2009

PCSOT May 4 - 8, 2009

November 16 - 20, 2009

Advanced PCSOT September 16 - 18, 2009

Forensic Assessment Interviewing &

Interrogation Techniques (FAINT) January 19 - 23, 2009 March 23 - 27, 2009 May 25 - 29, 2009 October 5 - 9, 2009

Academy of Polygraph Science

January 6 - February 27, 2009 (Gainesville, FL)*

March 2 - April 24, 2009 (Chicago Area)* September 8 - October 30, 2009 (Largo, FL)*

*based on enrollment

American International Institute of Polygraph

January 5 - March 13, 2009

January 5 - February 27, 2009 March 16 - May 22, 2009 (South Africa)

April 20 - June 26, 2009 April 20 - June 12, 2009

June 1 - July 24, 2009 (Lafayette, IN) September 8 - November 13, 2009 September 8 - October 30, 2009

September 28 - December 4, 2009 (South Africa)

PCSOT July 27 - 31, 2009 (Lafayette, IN)

Arizona School of Polygraph Science


April 13 - June 19, 2009 September 7 - November 13, 2009

Backster School of Lie Detection


June 8 - July 31, 2009 September 14 - November 6, 2009

PCSOT

March 16 - 20, 2009 November 9 - 13, 2009

Defense Academy for Credibility Assessment

January 6 - April 8, 2009 April 28 - July 29, 2009

August 18 - November 19, 2009

Horowitz-Ginton Credibility Assessment Academy

November 28, 2008 - July 31, 2009 (part-time) April 6, 2009 - December 18, 2009 (part-time)

May 4 - July 3, 2009 November 2 - December 31, 2009

Advanced Training March 16 - 20, 2009

July 6 - 10, 2009 October 19 - 23, 2009

Marston Polygraph Academy

January 12 - March 13, 2009 (San Bernardino, CA)

April 13 - June 13, 2009 (San Bernardino, CA) July - September, 2009 (Tacoma, WA)

Maryland Institute of Criminal Justice


September 21 - November 13, 2009

PCSOT March 9 - 13, 2009

Interview-Interrogation Course

February 9 - 10, 2009 May 11 - 12, 2009

Troy University Polygraph Center


April 6 - May 29, 2009 August 31 - October 23, 2009

Advanced Training

Polygraph Update & Chart Analysis November 2 - 6, 2009

Advanced Polygraph Techniques November 16 - 20, 2009

Applicant Testing November 30 - December 4, 2009

Interview & Interrogation December 7 - 11, 2009


Upcoming Seminars The American Polygraph Association will hold its 44th Annual Seminar/Workshop on August 2-7, 2009 at the Sheraton Music Hotel in Nashville, TN. Details and registration forms are on pages 14-15 of this issue. Announcing the 2009 American Polygraph Association Continuing Educational Seminars (CES): Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 12-14, 2009 Virginia Beach, Virginia, November 5-6, 2009 For additional information, please call the APA National Office, 800-272-8037. The National Polygraph Association will hold its 2009 Seminar and Business Meeting on January 26-28, 2009 at the Golden Nugget Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. Reservations can be made at the hotel by calling 1-800-643-3454. A special hotel rate is available for those booking by 12/24/08 (must mention National Polygraph Association). The cost for the seminar is $125 (advance)/$150 (at the door) for members, and $200 (advance)/$250 (at the door) for non-members. For more information contact Gary Davis at 785-828-3248 or e-mail the NPA at [email protected]. The American Association of Police Polygraphists will be holding their 32nd Annual Seminar on May 4-8, 2009 at the Harvey’s Lake Tahoe Hotel and Casino in Lake Tahoe, Nevada. A special room rate is available for attendees who make their reservations by April 1st. Seminar fee is $250 for members and $350 for non-members (paid before April 1st). For further details or to register, contact the AAPP National Office at (888) 743-5479 or visit www.policepolygraph.org.

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The quality of a man’s life is in direct proportion to his commitment to excellence, regardless of his chosen field of endeavor. - Vince Lombardi

Photographs from the 2008 APA Annual Seminar/Workshop, Indianapolis, Indiana


IMPORTANT NOTICE In accordance with the constitutional provision on universal voting, the election of APA Officers will be conducted by mail ballot. The ballots will be sent via the postal service to the APA membership by February 15, 2009. To participate in the selection of your 2009 APA leadership, you must ensure that:

1. Your mailing address with the APA National Office is current.

2. Your APA dues are current. The APA Fair Election Committee is actively seeking qualified candidates to run for the offices of:

President Elect Vice President Government

Vice President Law Enforcement Vice President Private

Secretary Director

Self-nominations can be mailed to the APA National Office, or via e-mail to:

[email protected] Your nomination packet should include a cover letter, a résumé, and a statement of up to 500 words regarding your goals for office. Nominations must be received by January 10, 2009. If you have any questions about the electoral process, please contact the Chairman Donnie Dutton, at [email protected].

mailto:[email protected]�

ADVANCED RESERVATION REQUIRED AMERICAN POLYGRAPH ASSOCIATION

SHERATON MUSIC CITY HOTEL 777 McGAVOCK PIKE, NASHVILLE TN 37214

(All room reservations must be made individually through the Hotel’s reservation department by calling

888-627-7060 or 615-885-2200 (Ask for the APA group rate)


SHERATON MUSIC CITY HOTEL

Welcome to Nashville, the music city and the gateway to the South. From the Grand Ole Opry to the home of President Andrew Jackson, the history and heritage is revealed in music, museum and the natural beauty of the Cumberland Plateau. Convenience and service are paramount at this hotel. The area is saturated with fun and exciting locations for family, including area attractions, shopping, dining, and golf to name a few. In addition, Nashville International Airport is only five minutes away via a complimentary roundtrip shuttle service offered on the hour and half-hour Each room has a private balcony or patio and elegantly appointed with a few added amenities.

Cock of the Walk Restaurant 2624 Music Valley Dr. Nashville, TN 37214

TUESDAY, AUGUST 4, 2008

ENJOY A MEAL AT COCK OF THE WALK

(PAID FOR BY APA FOR THOSE PURCHASING GRAND OLE OPRY

TICKETS)

FOLLOWED BY A TRIP TO THE GRAND OLE OPRY

(TICKETS MUST BE PURCHASED THROUGH APA NATIONAL OFFICE - ORDER FORM IN NOVEMBER/DECEMBER MAGAZINE)

• 24 hour guest service available • High speed internet access, dual line phones

in all guest rooms and suites • Indoor/outdoor pools and whirlpools and

tennis • Located within minutes of downtown

Nashville, the Grand Ole Opry, Opry Mills and Nashville International airport.

• Live music in the veranda lounge • Complimentary in-room coffee service; iron/ironing board • Refrigerators available upon request (fee) • Complimentary health club facilities • Free parking


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President’s Message Michael Gougler

O n behalf of the American Polygraph Association, I wish everyone a joyous holiday season and a happy and healthy new year. Your Board of Directors has been hard at work accomplishing the many directives I issued at the August Board meeting.

The PCSOT committee under the direction of Vice President Pam Shaw is diligently working on the final version of the Model Policy to be presented at the January Board meeting.

Vice President Keith Gaines is aggressively putting together a stellar conference with both quality training sessions and interesting extra-curricular activities for members and guests. We hope that the membership takes advantage and attends these functions. This brings me to discuss an important point. Your association has for many years sponsored a Tuesday night event as well as occasionally providing after banquet entertainment. These events are arranged and provided so that our membership can enjoy an evening of fun and fellowship. These events in recent years have not been well attended or the majority of the attendees leave after the dinner is served. This is causing concern within the Board, as to whether or not we should continue to provide these activities for future seminars. We want to be good stewards of association monies since all organizations are feeling the financial crunch. This year we are providing a Tuesday night meal and transportation for those purchasing tickets for the Grand Ole Opry. We have also secured country singers for an after banquet acoustic music performance. Please show your support by attending these activities. Your support of these activities will help ensure that they continue in the future. Director Cushman is hard at work trying to update the school accreditation manual. This is a monumental challenge. I personally would like to thank all the school directors who became involved in this project. Your insight is valuable in developing a quality product.

I would like to acknowledge Don Krapohl, our editor, for a job well done. The last newsletter was outstanding and provided a wealth of knowledge and information to our membership. Thanks also Don for producing quality journals.

Remember to submit your name, if you want to run for office, to Donnie Dutton and the Fair Elections committee.

Keith Gaines is always looking for nominations for our APA awards. Please nominate a deserving member for an award.

I would hope that all members would recruit at least one new examiner for membership in the APA.

Contact Director Elmer Criswell for any additional information. Vickie Murphy, secretary, continues to update the website. She would like for all members to sign

up for the members’ only site. Vickie is always willing to assist. It is good to have Director Weinstein back in the saddle and ensuring that the integrity of our

association is maintained. Chad Russell continues to run the office of treasurer in an ethical and effective manner. If any

member wants a copy of our audit, they just need to put the request in writing to Chad and it will be made available to you.


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Board of Directors’ Reports The APA was represented by Kristi Rosanski at the recent ATSA conference held in Atlanta. Due to the last minute commitment by the APA, she was the only person able to work the booth. I am hoping that we would have larger representation at next year’s conference. I am requesting that any APA School Director provide materials pertaining to their respective school which could be displayed at the booth. Approximately 80 individuals stopped by the APA booth. About 40 of these individuals had specific questions about the polygraph profession. Another 30 individuals picked up materials displayed. Several of the individuals were interested in attending polygraph training to compliment their current practice or as a second career. Some of the questions posed by treatment providers involved the polygraph reports and why certain questions were posed. Other questions dealt with the PCSOT guidelines. Many of the therapists requested a list of approved examiners in their area. In addition, some therapists wanted to know about polygraph research in order to support their use of polygraph.

Dan Sosnowski President-Elect

I hope that everyone was able to enjoy the holidays and to spend time with family and friends. I have returned home after my stint in Iraq and would like to thank everyone who supported me during the time I was gone. Each board member is now actively working on their respective assignments and the APA Strategic Plan. As I previously reported, President Gougler would like to ensure that the existing Operational Procedures reflect the issues that are current to this organization. As the New Year approaches, we ask that members notify the National Office or your state polygraph association about legislation which may affect polygraph which may be introduced in their respective state. The APA is still interested in working with any state association that is looking to introduce the possibility of state licensing.

Director Chuck Slupski is in the process of reviewing our Model Policy for Law Enforcement applicant screening. If you have any comments, please contact Chuck.

Your President-elect Dan Sosnowski is doing an excellent job of meeting the demands I have

placed on him. He has provided input and has been actively involved in the projects I have assigned him. I look forward to the committee briefs and job position evaluation report from Dan at the January Board meeting.

I have recently returned from Branson, MO where I had the honor of addressing the examiners of

the Tri-State association. What a great bunch of professionals who really know how to sponsor a quality seminar. Thanks to President Robert Riggs and John Hurlock for their hospitality during my stay.

I also had the honor of attending the graduation ceremony of the Mexican Preventative Federal

Police (PFP) polygraph class in Mexico City. I am proud to say that this class was the first PFP class to seek APA accreditation. Roy Ortiz conducted the school inspection for the APA.

As the midpoint of my term in office approaches, I pledge to you to oversee the directives I have

assigned to completion. This is a great opportunity for me, as your president, to give something back to the profession that has given so much to me. I must acknowledge that representing you “my friends” has been most rewarding.

As Nashville approaches, I am asking everyone to attend the seminar and support all the extra-

curricular activities. I would like the Nashville seminar in 2009 to be the event we are all striving for. Sincerely your friend,

Mike

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I would like to thank Kristi for volunteering her time in order to represent the APA. As always, I would personally welcome any suggestions or ideas that members have that would benefit this association. Please contact me via my e-mail address at [email protected].

Chuck Slupski Vice President, Private

I started my term as VP, Private by thanking all for your vote of confidence and pledged to do my best to support you, the APA, and the polygraph profession. Attending the first Board meeting immediately following the 2007 annual seminar was truly a learning experience. I suggest that those running for Board positions in the future make an attempt to learn about Roberts Rules of Orders so as to avoid learning the hard way. Basically, there are times that to initiate conversation, the speaker must first make a motion and if there is a second, at least for the purpose of discussion, a vote is taken and if the motion passes, the speaker can then elaborate on the issue to be discussed. I have been appointed as General Chair of two committees, the Standards of Practice Committee and the International Membership Liaison (Creative Issues) Committee. I have nominated Committee Members for appointment by the President and he has appointed the following: For the Standards Committee: Committee Chair Richard W. Kurtz ([email protected]), Mark D. Handler ([email protected]), J a m e s T . W h e e l e r ( T W H E E L E R @ Sheriff.Douglas.ga.us), and Danny Bragg ([email protected]). For the International Liaison Committee: C o m m i t t e e C h a i r N a t e G o r d o n ([email protected]), Manuel Arguello ([email protected]) (Panama), Marc Bester ([email protected])(South Africa) and Laura W. Perry ([email protected]). My review of the APA Model Policy for Law Enforcement Pre-employment screening examinations as published on the APA website suggests it is time for an update. All members having an interest are encouraged to submit electronically their ideas, suggestions and thoughts to anyone on the Standards Committee.

International members and others having thoughts and/or suggestions concerning how the APA can better serve its international members are encouraged to communicate with the International Liaison Committee. In the area of “Creative Issues,” I request the membership consider adding a Director position designated for “International” member and communicate your thoughts to myself or any member of the International Liaison Committee. The idea is not my original idea and regretfully, I cannot recall who had the original idea. I continue to serve as a member of the PCSOT committee that has been working on PCSOT issues for more than a year. With a target date of January 2009, I expect that committee will have a work product available for review by the Board; however, it is not too late for membership input based on attendance at the PCSOT session presented during the last APA annual conference. Input may be directed to me, any Board member, or VP Law Enforcement Pam Shaw as the PCSOT Committee is under her leadership. The Standards of Practice Committee will be making appropriate modifications to our Standards of Practice following Board action on proposed PCSOT guidance. School Directors and others having a direct interest in the conduct of APA accredited training should be advised that Director Barry Cushman is overseeing possible modifications to the current School Manual. Suggestions or comments should be directed to him.

Keith H. Gaines Vice President, Government

As your Seminar Program Chair for the 2009 APA Conference in Nashville, Tennessee, I proudly announce the booking of Patrick Davis, a red hot young singer/song writer who has been seriously stirring up the Nashville music scene. Patrick is scheduled to perform at the 2009 APA banquet on Thursday, 06 August, 2009. Patrick will be joined by other successful song writers for a 90 minute acoustic show along the lines of an “Austin City Limits” or “Bluebird Café” performance. Patrick, who has performed live at the infamous Bluebird, promises to bring to our membership, an intimate and very personal performance of songs he and the other song writers have penned. Some of these songs have since topped the charts by a number of very












famous performers. This event by Patrick and friends is unprecedented in the APA and it is my desire as well as the rest of the 2008/2009 APA Board of Directors that our membership stays for this memorable performance. Please join me and the rest of the Board of Directors of the American Polygraph Association in welcoming some very talented performers and PLEASE stay for the show. The information below is directly from the EMI Music Publishing Website: Patrick Davis "Soulful." "A self-possessed writer and performer." "A young artist on the cusp of a serious career." These are some of the accolades describing a singer and songwriter who made it his business to adamantly write, tour, play and sing. Patrick Davis' first full-length LP, appropriately titled Chances Are, which earned the Top 5 best-seller status on Awarestore.com, chronicles Davis' deter-mination to take the necessary risks that define his music style (think Chris Issak meets Bruce Springsteen). Davis is bringing his determination and music directly to fans as he tours throughout the Southeast with a full 7 piece band. Performing Songwriter Magazine hailed Davis' debut effort as "a natural blend of Springsteen-style working-class rock and from-the-gut alternative country… a notable debut from a young artist on the cusp of a serious career." Patrick Davis, the son of blues guitarist and vintage guitar shop owner, Rusty Davis, was raised in Camden, SC on a healthy dose of electric guitar and classic rock-n-roll. As a 16 year old, alongside his father's hometown classic rock band, Davis stepped on stage to experience his first live performance- and wouldn't you know- he’s been playing live music ever since. The singer-songwriter recently signed publishing deal with publishing giant EMI on the heels of three top ten hits on the Texas charts, including the 9 week number one hit "Beat of Your Heart" co-written and performed by Cory Morrow. Additionally "Beat of Your Heart" won Song of The Year from the noted Gruene Hall Gruene with Envy Awards. Davis also has four album cuts on the new Pat Green record Cannonball, including the title track and hit single "Dixie Lullaby." For Chances Are, with his own brand of heartfelt American Songwriting, Davis, alongside a handful

of top-notch southeastern-bred musicians ranging from members of Trey Anastasio's backing band to the members of Hootie and the Blowfish, took a trip into Nashville's Omni Sound Studios. Mixed in Los Angeles by engineer Nick Brophy (Rolling Stones, Avril Lavigne), Davis' first album proved unafraid to explore the diversity that encompasses American music and includes 10 tracks penned by Davis, along with one high-energy cover of the famous Gram Parsons and Emmylou Harris tune “Ooh Las Vegas.” Since the October 21, 2003 independent release of Chances Are, Davis has landed favorable press from such music industry stalwarts as Paste, Performing Songwriter and Music Row Magazine, hit the road as a support act for national artists such as Pat Green, Edwin McCain, Nickel Creek, Howie Day, Hootie and The Blowfish and Dierks Bentley, has nurtured his growing fan base in markets throughout the southeast by touring his full 7 piece band, signed a publishing deal with EMI, and written three Top Tens. Chances are Patrick Davis is "a young artist on the cusp of a serious career." http://www.myspace.com/patrickdavismusic http://www.bluebirdcafe.com/about/ Before I sign off, I would like to put out the word again that I am aggressively soliciting nominations for the APA annual awards. The Awards Committee will be looking for individuals who, though their unselfish and extraordinary efforts, promote and advance the best interests of the polygraph profession. The following awards are being offered by the APA:

William L. Bennett and Robbie S. Bennett Memorial Award: For unrelenting efforts and display of ability in the interest of the APA.

A1 & Dorothea Clinchard Award: For

extended, distinguished, devoted and unselfish service on behalf of the APA membership.

Cleve Backster Award: Honoring an

individual or group that advances the polygraph profession though tireless dedication to standardization of polygraph principles and practices.

Leonard Keeler Award: For long and

distinguished service to the APA. David L. Motsinger Horizon Award: In

recognition of a new shining star in the profession or association who early in their career demonstrates loyalty, professionalism and

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dedication to the polygraph profession (less than 10 years).

John E. Reid Award: For achievement in

research, teaching and writing of the polygraph profession.

Please take a moment and make that

recommendation of a person you know deserves an award. They are out there, they just need you to recognize them.

Pam Shaw Vice President, Law Enforcement

I hope that each of you are having (or have had) a wonderful holiday season! As we wrap up the end of 2008, the PCSOT committee is continuing to hammer out the finishing touches to the much anticipated proposed model policy for PCSOT testing. The proposed model policy will go before the Board for a vote at the January Board meeting. Please keep in mind that this document is designed as a MODEL policy and not as a policy to be incorporated into the Standards of Practice or By-Laws. There is still much to be learned about PCSOT testing and just like many other areas of polygraph, there will be debate amongst members about what is most effective or useful in our respective states or circumstances. It is the intent of this committee to provide a structural framework for examiners that demonstrates best practices based on what we know and understand to date. Like other model policies, it will be a living document that can, and mostly likely will, change with time as we grow in our profession. Aspects of the committee’s work that is intended to become part of our standards or by-laws are essential criteria to galvanize how the basic 40-hour PCSOT courses are structured and what topic areas are to be covered. To date, guidelines in this area have not been set and are greatly needed. It is also hoped that this committee will be able to produce a revised APA PCSOT exam to demonstrate proficiency in the fundamental aspects of that course. The committee will be the first to tell you that consensus doesn’t come easy. There isn’t any piece of the upcoming proposed model policy that hasn’t been intensely or thoroughly debated. No model policy authorized by the APA has been

perfect in the eyes of every member, but I believe we will have a model policy in place in 2009 that can become a building block for further advancements in the PCSOT arena. I thank each of you for allowing me to serve you this past year and I look forward to new endeavors in 2009! Please let me know if there’s anything I can do for you. May you have a wonderful and blessed new year!

Barry Cushman Director

Well hello again fellow APA members! Time seems to be flying by, and it won’t be long before we meet again for our annual seminar. As you likely know already (and as you will find elsewhere in this magazine) our 2009 seminar will be in Nashville, Tennessee. The Seminar Committee and your Board are working hard to make next year’s seminar an event to remember. With this uncertain economy, consider budgeting now so that you don’t miss out. I’ve never been to the Grand Ole Opry, and I’m looking forward to spending some time there with all you folks. The Seminar Committee is also working overtime to make the banquet a night to remember, so when we meet in Nashville, get out, have fun, and make some lifelong professional contacts and friendships. (And don’t forget to thank the folks on the Seminar Committee. I know from experience how much work is involved in making a seminar come together, and those guys and gals will be putting in many hours before it’s all over.) If you haven’t been to the APA website lately, be sure and check it out. Vickie has been working on it, and there is a forums section (in the “members only” area) that could be getting some more use. There is still an active poll on which you can suggest a site for the 2010 seminar. A number of locations are up there already, but we need more people to voice their opinions to make it meaningful. Also, there is a poll about how well the website is coming along. Be sure to post your comments, positive or negative. I look forward to the day when we can provide a site that is truly one-stop shopping, and your input is important. As I mentioned last time, I’ve been appointed to as chair of a committee that is updating the school accreditation manual. If you are a school director and you are not already involved, then get in touch with me so I can get you up to speed and on-board. Things are


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coming along, but more slowly than I had hoped. People are very busy, and from what I can tell a slowing is nowhere in sight, I know, but we’re plugging along nonetheless. The goal (still) is to have something to present to the BOD for the January meeting. If you’ve got ideas that you think could be helpful, shoot me an email ASAP so we can give it consideration. By the time you receive this, it will be “that time of year” again – time to vote for members of your BOD. With universal voting, every member in good standing has the right to cast a vote and be heard. Take the time and get to know the candidates, and then, please, exercise your right to vote. This is your organization, so participate as much as you can. You only need to invest a little time to cast an educated vote. As always, if there is anything I, or any member of the BOD, can do for you, please don’t hesitate to ask. We’re here to serve you, the membership, and we need to hear from you in order to be most effective. Until next time, God bless, and stay safe.

Don Weinstein Director

Greetings, fellow members. With regrets, I find the time has arrived for me to step down from my very long association on the Board of Directors of our association. Having served as the Vice President-Government, President, Chairman of the Board, and Director over the past years, I have had the privilege of serving not only our phenomenal membership, but elected officials and staff members who have been instrumental in making this organization as strong as it is today. If I try to name all of them, because of the years I have served on the board, I will no doubt leave someone out unintentionally, but rest assured, I am thankful to them all as should our membership. I have had a number of health related problems that have made it difficult to perform the duties of the office I currently hold and I feel it best to step down and encourage other members to step up and seek the office I will be vacating effective with the Nashville Seminar in 2009. I did want to take the opportunity to thank those dedicated professionals who have worked with me on the Grievance & Ethics Committee and the current members of the Board of

Directors. I would also like to publically thank all of those past members of the Board with whom I had had the honor of either working with or serving. Many of you do not know the amount of work associated with the E&G Committee, but I can assure you it is significant. Not only is the committee charged with the responsibility of regrettably investigating any wrong doing by our members, which fortunately is relatively rare, but to protect our members from unfounded attacks as well. I am certain the next appointed General Chair of this committee will serve the APA well. Please thank with me, Committee Chair, Mr. Bill Teigen, members, Mr. Jimmy Padgett and Shiela Thomas and of course my legal advisor and APA General Counsel, Mr. Gordon Vaughan. I have great regard for the current members of the Board of Directors. President Mike Gougler, President-elect, Dan Sosnowski, Treasurer Chad Russell, Secretary Vickie Murphy-Carr, Vice Presidents Pam Shaw (Law Enforcement), Keith Gaines (Government) and Chuck Slupski (Private); and Directors Barry Cushman and Elmer Criswell, and certainly by no means a man who has dedicated his professional life to the APA, and a most trusted friend, the current Chairman of the Board, Mr. Donnie Dutton. The entire membership should be grateful for the work performed by our current editor, Mr. Don Krapohl and our General Counsel, Mr. Gordon Vaughan, Esq. I cannot begin to tell you of the gratitude that I have for Ms. Robbie Bennett, our National Office Manager and her assistant, Ms. Lisa Jacocks. I am also most grateful to the Managing Editor for our publications, Ms. Lisa Krapohl. Ms. Robbie Bennett deserves special recognition as she has been my guiding light over a long number of years and always kept me serving our organization in the best possible way. Our membership, every board member, and other ex-officio member from years gone by and the present needs to always extend the highest praise for this remarkable lady. She has the highest dedication to her job and those who she serves (which is everyone) and the polygraph profession in general. I would say that I will miss you, but it is my intention to maintain contact with you always, so I will simply say thank you for all you have done for me personally, each Board member, the General Membership and the polygraph profession. To my friends on the Board and this great organization, it has truly been a pleasure serving


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with you and representing you in my various roles. Thank you for your friendship and professional associations.

Chad Russell Treasurer

I hope this update finds you in good health and enjoying these Holiday Seasons. I also pray the men and women protecting our interests overseas are safe and are able to return to their families soon. You certainly don’t need this report to inform you that we are currently in the worst economic times since the great depression. As a result of this, your retirement accounts are not as healthy as they once were, credit is not as easy to come by, and many people and companies have been forced to file bankruptcy. While these are tough economic times, all is not lost. A historical look at the market reveals an overall upward trend, with any major depression lasting no more than about two years. While past performance isn’t necessarily a guarantee of future success, it does mean we

have history on our side; and as we have all seen, history repeats itself. The APA has also been affected by the current market situation. While the great majority of our money is invested in FDIC secured investments, we do have a portion of our capital invested in the market. These investments are currently down, as are most other market investments. Your Board of Directors remains vigilant in keeping an eye on these investments, as do our Financial Advisors at Morgan Stanley. Rest assured, your American Polygraph Association remains in a strong financial position, and will remain that way. We too will be patient and continue to navigate through these rough financial times. Meanwhile, should you have any questions, or just want someone to remind you it will be “OK,” feel free to call or email me anytime. Wishing the best for you and your families in this Holiday Season.

How to sign-up with the Online Membership Roster AND Private Member Site

Vickie T. Murphy-Carr, Secretary

Go to the website. Click on “create new account” (located underneath log-in & password).

Fill out the form, and then scroll down and click on “submit.” It goes to me. You will get a message on the top of your screen that you've successfully submitted the form. You'll also get an e-mail stating that your account is pending approval and there will be a generated one-time use password. You won’t be able to use it until I’ve activated you. Once your form is activated by me, you'll be able to sign on using your new user id and the one-use password. Log-in with your user id and generated password. Click on “my account” menu, on the left of your screen. You'll see a form come up with your information. At the top of the form, click on “edit.” This is where you change your password. Scroll down to “password.” Type in your new password, and then retype your password. (Remember, your password will be case sensitive.) Scroll down to the bottom of the form and click on “submit.” You've now changed your password and you can log-in with your user id and new password.

APA


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2009 Class Start Dates January 5 April 20 June 1 September 8 Lafayette, IN 8 weeks Director & Primary Instructor– Charles (Chuck) E. Slupski Army CID Examiner (1983 – 1996) / DOD Polygraph Institute Instructor (1992 – 1996) Primary Instructor – Allan E. Stein Army CID Examiner & Polygraph Instructor at US Army Polygraph School NEW FACILITY. Great location including large classroom, nine (9) audio-video recorded laboratory rooms, and monitoring room.

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Email: [email protected] Phone: (866) 477-5180 Fax: (770) 960-1355 www.polygraphschool.com



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Texas man fails polygraph – admits to sexual activity with child ZAVALLA, Texas – Martin Reeves Carter, now age 22, has been charged with sexually assaulting a child two years ago. The victim, who was 11 at the time of the incident, came forward in August with allegations that Carter had coerced her into sexual activity two years ago. When police questioned Carter, he denied the incident occurred and claimed that the girl fabricated the story because she was angry with him. Carter volun-tarily submitted to a polygraph exam which showed that he was being deceptive to the issue of sexual activity with the accuser. Reports indicate that during post-test questioning, Carter then admitted to sexually assaulting the girl. Carter was arrested on November 23rd. November 25, 2008 – “Zavalla police charge man with sexually assaulting child two years ago.” The Lufkin Daily News (lufkindailynews.com) Vick admits to killing dogs RICHMOND, Virginia – The U.S. Department of Agriculture has released a report with new de-tails of former NFL quarterback Michael Vick’s involvement in dog fighting. According to the report, Vick had initially denied killing any of the dogs. During an October 2007 polygraph test administered by the FBI, Vick was found deceptive to the issue of killing the dogs. When

confronted with the test results, Vick then admitted being in-volved in the hanging deaths of several underperforming dogs. He is scheduled to be released from prison next summer. November 22, 2008 – “USDA report details more involvement for Vick.” The Associated Press. (kdbc.com) High school football star will not face robbery charges MCLENNAN COUNTY, Texas – In August 2008, La Vega High S c h o o l r u n n i n g b a c k Christopher Dantae Parr was arrested by police for allegedly robbing a 19-year-old man at gun-point and stealing his shoes and his hat. Parr was questioned by police regarding his involvement in the incident. He agreed to take a polygraph examination, which supported his statements as truthful. It was at that point that the District Attorney’s office decided not to prosecute Parr saying that they now believe his involvement was less than originally suspected. Officials say there will be continued investigation based on the information Parr provided during his interrogation. November 19, 2008 – “DA will not prosecute star La Vega football player,” Waco Tribune-Herald (wacotrib.com) High school teacher/coach cleared of rape charges SPOKANE, Washington – Don Van Lierop, a teacher and coach

at Ferris High School has been cleared of the charges that he raped a teenage girl, and has been allowed to return to school. The charges were filed by the teen and her mother who claimed that Van Lierop raped the girl last year and now was making harassing phone calls to her. Van Lierop was placed on administrative leave and was questioned by police detectives. He agreed to undergo a polygraph examination, which he subsequently passed. The alleged victim has yet to submit to police interviewing, and has not reiterated her original claims. November 20, 2008 – “Ferris coach Van Lierop cleared of wrongdoing.” (www.kxly.com) Polygraph supports inmates a c c u s a t i o n s a g a i n s t corrections officer NAPLES, Flor ida – On S e p t e m b e r 5 t h , 2 0 0 8 , corrections officer Cpl. Louis J. Aguinaga resigned from his position as a corrections officer with the Collier County Sheriffs officer. This came just days after refusing to provide testimony during an internal investigation into allegations of sexual misconduct made against him by several female inmates. According to investigators, Aguinaga had been accused of sexual misconduct on three separate occasions with different female inmates. Two of the inmates took and passed polygraph exams regarding their claims. The third inmate was not tested

Polygraph in the News

http://www.wacotrib.com/news/content/news/stories/2008/11/19/11192008wacchrisparr.html�

http://(www.kxly.com)/�


because of a medical condition. After reviewing the allegations, Aguinaga refused to be inter-viewed regarding the claims. He resigned amid charges of improper conduct and failure to comply with an ongoing investigation. The State Attorney’s Office has decided not to prosecute Aguinaga on the sexual molestation charges, citing the lack of evidence and poor credibility of the accusers as reasons for declining further legal action. November 13 , 2008 – “Corrections officer resigns amid sexual misconduct accusations,” Naples Daily News (naplesnews.com) Polygraph substantiates woman’s involvement in shooting SANDPOINT, Idaho – A 26-year-old woman and her husband have been arrested and charged with the shooting death of a 48-year-old man. Keith and Tyrah Brown allegedly shot and killed Leslie Carlton near his home in Coolin in January 2007. They also allegedly stole a $56,000 escrow check belonging to Carlton before fleeing to Florida. The FBI arrested the Browns in Florida in March and returned them to Idaho where they have been incarcerated while awaiting trial. According to court records, Tyrah Brown is scheduled to be tried for first-degree murder and grand larceny beginning on March 2nd, 2009. But officials have revealed that Tyrah Brown is in the process of negotiating a plea agreement on these charges. According to investigators, Keith Brown alleged that the shooting was an accident that occurred during a struggle over the weapon when Carlton was confronted by the Browns for sexually assaulting Tyrah. However, Tyrah had already confessed to shooting Carlton.

Keith Brown claimed that her confession was fabricated in an attempt to protect him. Investigators claim that Tyrah Brown was given a polygraph exam concerning her direct involvement in the shooting, which she passed. They also claim that the polygraph exam substantiated her claims of being sexually assaulted. The investigation into Keith Brown’s involvement has been put on hold as he was committed to the Idaho Department of Corrections because of an undisclosed mental health condition. November 13, 2008 – “Trial scheduled in Priest Lake slaying,” (www.bonnercountybee.com) Two polygraph exams support States Attorney’s contentions UNION COUNTY, Illinois – Union County State’s Attorney William W. James has taken and passed two polygraph exams to suppor t h is statements that he did not knowingly point a semi-automatic handgun at a private investigator attempting to serve him with a federal subpoena earlier this year. Christopher Dees, who filed the complaint, claims that as he approached James in the Union County Courthouse parking lot on the morning of March 19th, 2008, James pulled the gun and pointed it at him. James does not deny carrying the weapon or pointing it at Dees; however, he contends that Dees neither identified himself nor why he was approaching him. James voluntarily took two polygraph examinations, both of which he passed. October 20, 2008 – “Union County state's attorney passes polygraphs.” The Southern. (southernillinoisan.com)

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Inmate denied sentence reduction after failing polygraph BALTIMORE, Maryland – Last year 29-year-old Trent Banks was tried and sentenced to 35 years in prison for shooting at his girlfriend and her female companion as they drove away from his apartment complex in March 2006. The women claim that Banks shot at the vehicle after he discovered they had slashed his car tires to get revenge over his infidelity. In addition to his 35-year sentence, Banks is serving two additional 5-year sentences for probation violations. Banks, however, has continually denied that he was the one who shot at the vehicle. Finally, Circuit Judge Lawrence R. Daniels granted Banks the opportunity to take a polygraph test, the results of which would determine if Daniels would reduce the 5-year sentence he had previously imposed on Banks. On October 31st, Daniels informed Banks that the results of his polygraph test showed deception to the questions regarding his involvement in the attempted shooting murders of his girlfriend and her friend. Banks refuted the results saying he was just nervous, but Daniels denied Banks’ request to have his sentence reduced. November 1, 2008 - “Lie detector results quash man’s bid to cut sentence,” The Baltimore Sun. (submitted by Vickie Murphy-Carr) Peterson fails half the questions on polygraph Polygraph results have been publically released on former police officer Drew Peterson, the p r ime suspec t in the disappearance of his fourth (continued on page 32)

http://www.southernillinoisan.com/articles/2008/10/20/local/26352560.txt�


ASTM UPDATE

Marty Oelrich

Standardization and Ethics

Standardization has become an inherently important aspect of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) in signifying professional development. The establishment of standardization provides guidelines to consumers, producers and other interested parties. Further, the development of standards based upon sound research and consensus should subsequently result in consistency. However, standardization can lead to resistance when it conflicts with previous practices. Further, this may lead to cognitive dissonance. Cognitive dissonance is a discrepancy between what we believe, know or value and information that calls these into question. This dissonance has the ability to provide rationalization to behavior, which may present ethical dilemmas.

Ethics are simply the determination of whether conduct is right or wrong. Whereas standards are not necessarily ethics, they can provide guidelines for ethical conduct among professionals. Further, standardization and ethics can be viewed as being interrelated based upon this principle. Therefore, when discussing standards or codes of ethics, it is imperative to identify the purpose and limitations of codes of ethics. Neukrug (as cited in “Codes of Ethics in Counseling and Human Services”) summated six points regarding the purpose of a code of ethics:

They protect consumers and further the professional stance of the organizations; They denote the fact that a particular profession has a body of knowledge and skills that it can proclaim

and that a set of standards can be established that reflect this knowledge; They are a vehicle for professional identity and provide an indication of the maturity of a profession; They profess a belief that the professional should exhibit certain types of behavior that reflect the

underlying values considered desirable in the profession; and They offer the professional a framework in the sometimes difficult ethical and professional decision-

making process. They represent, in case of litigation, some measure of defense for professionals who conscientiously

practice in accordance with accepted professional codes.

Further, Neukrug (as cited in “Codes of Ethics in Counseling and Human Services”) summarized six additional points regarding the limitations of a code of ethics:

Some issues cannot be handled in the context of a code. There are some difficulties with enforcing the code, or at least the public may believe that enforcement

committees are not tough enough on their peers. There is often no way to bring the interests of the client, patient, or research participant systematically

into the code-construction process. There are parallel forums in which the issues in the code may be addressed, with the results sometimes

at odds with the findings of the code (for example, in the courts).


There are possible conflicts associated with codes: between two codes, between the practitioner's values and code requirements, between the code and ordinary morality, between the code and institutional practice, and between requirements within a single code.

There is a limited range of topics covered in the code. Because a code approach is usually reactive to issues already developed elsewhere, the consensus requirement prevents the code from addressing new issues and problems on the cutting edge.

Subsequently, the purpose of ethics in PDD becomes a matter of principle in conducting

examinations according to the standards established by the professional community. Further, these principles establish the basic precepts for ethical conduct among PDD examiners. When considering the importance of established standards or codes regarding ethics, it is paramount in identifying differences among them, specifically those published by ASTM International Committee E52 on Forensic Psychophysiology and the American Polygraph Association (APA).

While ASTM International does not serve as the typical body for establishing ethics, its significance lies in the scope that standards created by Committee E52 are applicable to all PDD Examiners, whether or not they are members of professional associations. Currently, Committee E52 has jurisdiction of one standard specific to ethics. The Standard Guide for Ethical Requirements for Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) Examiners (E2065) was established to provide ethical requirements for all individuals engaged in forensic psychophysiological detection of deception.

Although there are limited differences between the American Polygraph Association Code of Ethics (1999) and E2065, several of those differences have been listed below. It should be noted that due to copyright, ASTM International standards could not be reproduced for this article.

Standards of Reporting: Standard E2065 states that PDD examination shall not omit information deemed relevant from PDD reports.

Restrictions on Rendering Opinions: Standard E2065 states that PDD examiners shall not engage in behavior during the collection of physiological data that may cause erroneous test results.

Conflicts of Interest: Standard E2065 states that examiners shall not engage in PDD examinations which a conflict of interest may be exist. This includes conducting PDD examinations on persons who are currently receiving treatment or counseling from the PDD examiner. Other conflicts may arise, such as law enforcement PDD examiners who conduct PDD examinations in the public sector, if such PDD examinations are restricted.

Advertisements: Standard E2065 states that PDD examiners shall not advertise they have obtained an

educational degree when they have received the degree from an institution that is not approved to grant such as degree from applicable authorities. Although, this is more specifically described in E2065, it is currently undergoing revision.

Though some differences exist between the ethics codes established by the APA and ASTM

International Committee E52, they both represent a sound general consistency. These guidelines have limitations; however, they represent a purpose within the process of standardization. Furthermore, they provide the basic principles of professional ethical conduct.

If you have any questions regarding ASTM International Committee E52 or suggestions for future articles regarding Committee E52 standards, feel free to contact Marty Oelrich by email at [email protected]

References American Polygraph Association (1999). Code of ethics. Retrieved November 21, 2008, from the American

Polygraph Association Web site: http://www.polygraph.org/content/code-ethics Syracuse University School of Education (n.d.). Codes of ethics in counseling and human services. Retrieved

November 21, 2008, from the Syracuse University, School of Education Web site: http://suedweb.syr.edu/chs/new_CHS_website/OnlineField/Ethics/Codes.htm

APA



Research Review

Louis Rovner, Ph.D.

Polygraph Is Standard Feature of DUI Offenders Program The use of polygraph testing is growing constantly. Post Conviction Sex Offender Testing (PCSOT) is the most current and obvious example of the court system’s increasing recognition of the powerful benefits of our profession. As you may already know, PCSOT is one feature of a sex offender containment model, which includes a treatment professional (such as a psychologist or counselor), a probation or parole officer, and a polygraph examiner. The PCSOT component of the model is felt to be an integral part of the containment effort, as well as the most efficient way of getting offenders to come to grips with the true extent of their problems. If we measure the success of PCSOT by its acceptance in the supervision and treatment communities, it is eminently successful. Now, some polygraph professionals are looking at other areas in which PCSOT-like applications could be employed. Domestic violence is one such area - it is felt that these offenders might be less likely to re-offend if they are placed into a treatment/supervision system which includes regular polygraph tests. Another application, one that is more than hypothetical, involves repeat DUI offenders. The State of Oregon seems to be at the forefront of creative uses for the polygraph. Oregon has a supervision program for repeat DUI offenders known as DISP (Driving under the Influence of Intoxicants [DUI] Intensive Supervision Program). Offenders who are ordered into DISP by a court undergo treatment for alcohol abuse and dependence, must make regular court appearances, and are monitored by a probation officer or other court officer. Regular polygraph tests are a standard feature of DISP. A study regarding DISP was recently published in Addiction, the journal of the Society for the Study of Addiction. The researchers wanted to see if electronic monitoring (EM) and mandatory vehicle sales helped to lower the recidivism rate among convicted DUI offenders. Without going into the details of the study’s findings, it is interesting to note that the authors were very positive about the presence of polygraph testing in DISP, and hypothesized that the program’s requirement for a twice-yearly polygraph exam may be contributing to the program’s success. I have been unable to find any scientific research about how polygraph testing has affected the recidivism rate among DUI offenders in Oregon. There is also precious little scientific data about the effect of PCSOT on recidivism rates.


Polygraph testing has been regaining much of the support that it lost when the EPPA laws were passed in 1988, and rightfully so. There is no dispute that PCSOT is an important part of the sex offender containment model, and no dispute that polygraph testing is producing valuable information for DISP in Oregon. However, we continue to have our detractors and those who listen to them. That being the case, it is vitally important that we have an ongoing research program for PCSOT, as well as for other enterprises like DISP. Research can answer many practical questions for us. For example, it would be helpful and informative to know exactly how much polygraph testing contributes to decreasing recidivism rates in containment programs. It would be beneficial to examine methods and techniques to increase the positive effects of polygraph testing. It would also be valuable to know how different approaches compare to each other (for example, standard vs. automated testing of offenders). The list of research possibilities is lengthy. Having objective, research-based knowledge will help us to extend the use of PCSOT, DISP and other similar applications yet to be. Having a body of scientific evidence in our back pocket will also help us to defend the continued use of polygraph in those areas, if necessary. And, of course, it might also be the kind of information that we could justifiably brag about.

Resources Lapham, S., Baca, J., Lapidus, J. and McMillan, G. (2007). Randomized sanctions to reduce re-offense among repeat impaired-driving offenders. Addiction, 102, 1618 - 1625. APA

wife, Stacy. According to Derek Armstrong, author of “Drew Peterson Exposed,” Peterson agreed to be interviewed by the writer and take a polygraph test for the book. According to Armstrong, the results of the polygraph test showed deception to three of the six questions the examiner asked regarding Stacy’s disappearance. Stacy Peterson went missing in October 2007, and police say they believe she is dead. Police are also investigating the bathtub death of Peterson’s third wife, Kathleen Savio. According to officials, Peterson took and passed a polygraph exam regarding his involvement in Savio’s death. October 9, 2008 – “Drew Peterson Failed Half a P o l y g r a p h T e s t o n M i s s i n g W i f e Stacy,” (Foxnews.com) Colombian Senate discusses testing the military

COLOMBIA - Senator Jorge Enrique Vélez of the Colombian Republic Congress formally proposed the polygraph testing of all members of the Colombian military twice each year as a security measure. The proposal was prompted by recent events within the military organizations that “shouldn’t be repeated in the future.” Despite the

cost of the initiative Senator Vélez declared that the country was already paying a price more dear by the dishonor of soldiers who engage in questionable behavior. “If there are to be weapons purchased, it is better to use polygraphs to verify the transparency of the Armed Forces.” October 29, 2008 - “En Senado proponen polígrafo para los militares,” elespectador.com (submitted by Carlos A. Boshell) Man admits to indecent exposure after failing polygraph SIOUX FALLS, South Dakota – In September 2008, 25-year-old Anthony Michael Schroeder was charged with indecent exposure involving a child. According to reports, Schroeder pulled down his shorts in front of a shopping mall restroom just as a 12-year-old girl was approaching. The girl returned to her mother who observed Schroeder walking to his vehicle. She wrote down the license plate number and reported the incident to police. When police questioned Schroeder, he denied exposing himself. Schroder was then administered a polygraph examination, after which he admitted to exposing himself. He claimed, however, that he had been attempting to expose himself to an older woman and not the 12-year-old girl. October 17, 2008 – “Man accused of exposing himself at mall,” Argus Leader (Argusleader.com)

Polygraph in the News (cont.)

APA


Tech Talk

Teaching New Examiners Old Tricks

Michael B. Lynch

Unobserved countermeasures can lead to erroneous opinions. The key word is unobserved. The following spot scores from a Utah Zone Comparison test require an examiner opinion of No Deception Indicated (NDI). However, if the individual component scores are summed horizontally, their values tell a very different story. The sum horizontal score for the pneumo component is +20, the sum horizontal score for the GSR component is +1 and the sum horizontal score for the cardio component is +9. Why the imbalance between component scores – could it be countermeasures?

R1 R2 R3

C1 P +2 +2 +3

G -1 -1 -1

C +1 +2 0

+2 +3 +2 +7

C2 P +3 +2 +3

G -1 -2 +3

C +1 +2 +2

+3 +2 +8 +13

C3 P +2 +2 +1

G +1 +2 +1

C +1 0 0

+4 +4 +2 +10

Spot Sum +9 +9 +12 +30


Research on expected test data analysis by component varies. Some schools assign equal value to the three components while computer algorithms and field research assign dissimilar values. An average of these algorithm and research values shows an examiner should expect to derive approximately 28% of the data from the pneumo component, 39% of the data from the electrodermal component and 32% of the data from the cardio component. The Actual Data Values and percentages in the above case should conform approximately to the Expected Data Values and percentages. Here, no such conformity exists. There can be many reasons for this variability; the algorithms and field studies can be wrong, different examinees present different physiologies and so on. However, nature requires homeostasis. Where none exists, we ask, why? In the above case, the Expected Data Value for the pneumo component is 28 % while the Actual Data Value is 50%; the Expected Data Value for the GSR component is 39% while the Actual Data Value is 5% and the Expected Data Value for the cardio component is 32% while the Actual Data Value is 45%. Objectively, these percentages are outside the range of statistical probability. Subjectively, it is obvious there is a problem. This approach to countermeasures was developed and used in the early 1970’s as an experimental model. Although helpful today, there is no current research to support its efficacy. However, where there is a significant difference between what is expected and what is actual, the cautious examiner would do well to re-examine the charts for countermeasures.

Editor’s note: This article was originally published in Polygraph News & Views, Vol 16, No. 5, Sep-Oct 2008. It has been reprinted here with the kind permission of its author, Michael Lynch, and the editor of Polygraph News & Views, James Wygant. APA

Actual Data Values (%) Expected Data Values (%) Pneumo 20.0

(50.0) 8 (28.0)

GSR 1.0 ( 5.0)

12 (39.0)

Cardio 9.0 (45.0)

10 (32.0)

INCENTIVES FOR RECRUITING NEW APA MEMBERS (FY 2008-2009)

MEMBERSHIP RECRUITMENT (pertains to Membership recruits only)

5 New Members 2009 Dues Waived ($ 150.00) 4 New Members 75% of your 2009 Dues ($112.50) Waived 3 New Members 50% of your 2009 Dues ($75.00) Waived 2 New Members 25% of your 2009 Dues ($37.50) Waived


American Polygraph Association Strategic Plan

2008 - 2012 Mission and Vision Mission The American Polygraph Association (APA) is a professional organization composed of polygraph examiners, researchers, and others who share the goals of the Association. The APA promotes the universal values of justice, community safety, and national security. This is accomplished by encouraging excellence in the field through high quality educational opportunities and professional standards and by improving the understanding of leaders in government, commerce, the judiciary and the general public on polygraph-related issues. Vision The American Polygraph Association enables and encourages its members to perform polygraph examinations that are highly useful, valid and reliable in a variety of contexts to serve the cause of truth. Goal 1. Maintain a high level of competence and ethics of examiners in the conduct and reporting of polygraph examinations. Strategy 1: Develop best practice guides.

Benchmarks By the 2008 APA Annual Seminar, create and approve one model policy that addresses best practices (i.e., evidentiary polygraphy, PCSOT, paired-testing, investigative polygraphy, asset forfeiture, immigration and asylum, etc.)

By the 2009 APA Annual Seminar, create and approve one model policy that addresses best practices. By the 2010 APA Annual Seminar, evaluate and update the model policy that addresses best practices.

By the 2011 APA Annual Seminar, review the model policy that addresses best practices.

Strategy 2. Ensure APA-accredited polygraph schools teach best practices.

Benchmarks By the 2008 APA Annual Seminar, the APA Accreditation Inspection Guide will be revised to ensure that existing model policies are incorporated into the instruction curriculum for each school.


Beginning with inspections in 2010, APA-accredited schools will be evaluated on their coverage of the APA model policies in lectures, practice and written examinations.

Strategy 3. Establish minimum CE standards for members.

Benchmark By the 2009 APA Annual Seminar, the APA Board will evaluate and review the effectiveness of continuing education standards for polygraph examiners as a condition of membership.

Strategy 4. Improve delivery of continuing education.

Benchmarks By the 2008 APA Annual Seminar the Continuing Education Chair shall formally propose a distance learning plan to the APA Board of Directors. By the 2009 APA Annual Seminar the Continuing Education Chair shall have in operation at least two different forms of distance learning available to the membership.

By the 2009 APA Annual Seminar, the Continuing Education Chair shall modify the operational policy on APA co-hosting training seminars with State associations.

Strategy 5. Improve instrumentation

Benchmarks By the 2008 APA Annual Seminar the Research and Development Committee Chair shall propose minimum standards for polygraph instrumentation for a Board vote. The proposal shall include recommendations for new sensors and data channels. Effective 2012 all polygraphs used by APA members shall meet the instrument standards approved by the Board.

Strategy 6. Establish quality control resources to assist polygraph examiners.

Benchmarks By the 2008 APA Annual Seminar the Standards of Practice Committee Chair shall propose to the Board a voluntary quality control program for member examiners. By the 2009 APA Annual Seminar, the Standards of Practice Chair will provide a report detailing the utilization of the voluntary quality control program.

Strategy 7. Bring about regulatory legislation that supports the competency and ethical conduct of polygraph examiners

Benchmarks In 2008 the APA shall support with expertise and funding the legislative initiative of one affiliated state association for state licensure. The level of effort shall be determined by the Board’s assessment of likelihood of success, commitment and support from the APA members in the affected state, and budget limitations.


In 2009 the APA shall support with expertise and funding the legislative initiative of one affiliated state association for state licensure. The level of effort shall be determined by the Board’s assessment of likelihood of success, commitment and support from the APA members in the affected state, and budget limitations.



Strategy 8: Create a competency-based certification process

Benchmarks By 2010, the Board shall create one competency-based certification process (i.e., evidentiary testing, paired-testing, investigative testing, applicant testing, immigration and asylum testing, PCSOT) modeled on those of other professions. By 2011, the Board shall create one competency-based certification process modeled on those of other professions.

Strategy 9. Improve communication to and among polygraph examiners.

Benchmarks By the 2008 Annual APA Seminar members will be offered the option of receiving the APA periodicals electronically.

Before 2012 the APA will co-sponsor an annual seminar with the AAPP.

Goal 2. Improve public understanding about the polygraph profession. Strategy 1. Create packaged lectures for presentation to influential professionals.

Benchmarks

By the 2008 Annual APA Seminar, the Public Relations and Information Committee Chair will have produced a presentation package for dissemination to members who volunteer to speak to one of the following professional groups: judges, lawyers, sex offender treatment providers, or legislators.

By the 2009 Annual APA Seminar, the Public Relations and Information Committee Chair will have produced a presentation package for dissemination to members who volunteer to speak to one of the following professional groups: judges, lawyers, sex offender treatment providers, or legislators.


Strategy 2. Create a cadre of trained media representatives.

Benchmarks By the 2008 Annual APA Seminar have identified and trained 10 APA members to represent the Association to the media. By the 2008 Annual APA Seminar create and implement a formal system to issue press releases to media outlets in the most economical means available. By the 2008 Annual APA Seminar the Public Relations and Information Committee Chair will produce updated materials to assist APA media representatives.

Strategy 3. Educate scientists who work in related fields.

Benchmark Each year the APA will send representatives to all major scientific conferences that have potential implications for future regulation, legislation or establishment of governmental research priorities.

Strategy 4. Inform the public about the polygraph.

Benchmark By January 2008, the APA website will make available 50 polygraph-related articles for download by the general public. All articles will be selected by the APA Editor-in-Chief, who shall also be responsible for obtaining necessary permissions and converting the articles into electronic format.

Goal 3: Restructure the APA after the model of other professional organizations Strategy 1: All members in good standing will be permitted to cast ballots for constitutional issues and candidates for the Board of Directors.

Benchmark

Before the 2008 APA annual seminar, all members in good standing will be able to cast ballots for constitutional issues and candidates for the Board of Directors.

Conclusion The Association’s Strategic Plan is a roadmap that guides the endeavors of the leadership and members. It represents the values of the organization, its hopes and aspirations, its commitments, and its view of the profession’s role in supporting the truth verification needs of a free and open society. For the Plan to be effective it is the responsibility of the leadership to maintain the document, to refine it as necessary to ensure it continues to represent the goals of the Association, and most importantly, to bring about the progress that the Plan requires. Though the Plan remains dynamic so to respond to the changing needs of the Association, its core vision of professionalism and truth remain.

APA


AMERICAN POLYGRAPH ASSOCIATION APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATE

OF ADVANCED & SPECIALIZED TRAINING

(Application for the Certificate of Advanced and Specialized Training will be granted only to those that have

completed thirty-six (36) hours of approved advanced and specialized training during the past three (3) years.

NAME:____________________________________________________________________________________________ ADDRESS:_________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ TELEPHONE #: ( )________________________________________________________________________________ Membership Status: ( ) Full Member ( ) Life Member ( ) Associate Member Current Dues Paid In Full: ( ) Yes ( ) No Approved Advanced & Specialized Training: Attach Certificate(s) Course Name Date(s) Location Hours __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ I,_______________________________________, do hereby make application for the Certificate of Advanced & Specialized Training by the American Polygraph Association. All information contained above is true and correct to the best of my ability. I release the American Polygraph Association to conduct an inquiry or investigation as appropriate to verify said information. ____________________________________ Applicant

Make check payable to AMERICAN POLYGRAPH ASSOCIATION Original Application $50.00

Renewal $15.00 Mail to: APA National Office, PO Box 8037, Chattanooga TN 37414-0037


Academy for Scientific Investigative Training 1704 Locust Street, 2nd Floor Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103 Director: Nathan J. Gordon Ph: 215.732.3349 Fax: 215.545.1773 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.polygraph-training.com Academy of Polygraph Science Nature Coast Office 5441 Emerald Drive Ridge Manor, FL 33523 Director: Richard E. Poe Ph: 727.642.6384 or 727.420.0521 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.drpoeandassoc.com American Institute of Polygraph 908 Barton Street Otsego, Michigan 49078-1583 Director: Lynn P. Marcy Ph: 262.692.2413 Fax: 269.694.4666 Webpage: www.polygraphis.com American International Institute of Polygraph 1115 Mt. Zion Road, Suite F Morrow, GA 30260-0686 Director: Charles E. Slupski Ph: 770.960.1377 Fax: 770.960.1355 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.polygraphschool.com Arizona School of Polygraph Science 3106 W Thomas Road, Suite 1114 Phoenix, Arizona 85017 Director: Laura Wells de Perry Ph: 602.272.8123, 800.464.7831 Fax: 602.272.9735 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.azpolygraphschool.com

Backster School of Lie Detection 861 Sixth Avenue, Suite 403 San Diego, California 92101-6379 Director: Cleve Backster Ph: 619.233.6669 Fax: 619.233.3441 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.backster.net Defense Academy for Credibility Assessment 7540 Pickens Avenue Fort Jackson, SC 29207 Director: William F. Norris Ph: 803.751.9100 Fax: 803.751.9125 or 37 Registrar e-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.daca.mil Federal, State, and Local Law Enforcement only Horowitz-Ginton Credibility Assessment Academy 11 Ben-Gurion, Vita Towers Bnei-Brak 51260 Israel Director: Dr. Avital Ginton Ph: 972.3.616.1111 E-mail: [email protected] International Academy of Polygraph 1835 South Perimeter Road, Suite 125 Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33309-3066 Director: Lou Criscella Ph: 954.771.6900 Fax: 954.776.7687 E-mail: [email protected] Israeli Government Polygraph School P.O. Box 17193 Tel-Aviv 61171 Israel Director: Eldad Meiron E-mail: [email protected] Kentucky Institute of Polygraph Studies EKU Funderburk Building 521 Lancaster Avenue Richmond, KY 40475 Director: Pam Shaw Ph: 859.622.5944 E-mail: [email protected]

Trai

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Latin American Polygraph Institute Transversal 17 No. 122-73 Bogota - Colombia Director: Sidney Wise Arias Ph: 57.1.4829421 Fax: 57.1.2148334 E-mail: [email protected] Marston Polygraph Academy 390 Orange Show Lane San Bernardino, CA 92408 Director: Thomas M. Kelly Ph: 928.257.0124 Fax: 410.987.4808 Webpage: www.marstonpolygraphacademy.com Maryland Institute of Criminal Justice 8424 Veterans Highway, Suite 3 Millersville, Maryland 21108-0458 Director: Billy H. Thompson Ph: 410.987.6665 or 800.493.8181 Fax: 410.987.4808 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.micj.com Mexico Polygraph Studies Unit Calle Cuauhtemoc # 168 Colonia Tizapan de San Angel Mexico D.F. 01059 Director: Luz Del Carmen Diaz Ph: 011.52.55.5616.6273 E-mail: [email protected] Pennsylvania State Police/HACC Polygraph Institute @ Northeast Counterdrug Training Center 1 HACC Drive Shumaker Public Services Hall Harrisburg, PA 17110-2999 Director: Elmer Criswell Ph: 717.780.2513 or 877.806.6293 Fax: 717.236.0709 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: http://www.counterdrug.org Municipal and State Agencies only

Polygraph Science Academy L-2-7 (Block L) Plaza Damas No. 60 Jalan Sri Hartamas 50480 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Director: Akhbar Haji Satar Ph: 603.62015011, 603.62015012 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.akhbarassociates.com/psa.htm Texas Department of Public Safety Law Enforcement Polygraph School P.O. Box 4087 Austin, Texas 78773-0001 Director: Walt Goodson Ph: 512.997.4093 Fax: 512.424.5717 E-mail: [email protected] Local, State, and Federal agencies only Troy University Polygraph Center 1117 Perimeter Center West, Suite N101 Atlanta, GA 30338 Director: Samuel L. Braddock Ph: 770.730.0033 or 1.866.426.1068 Fax: 770.730.0596 E-mail: [email protected] Virginia School of Polygraph 7885 Coppermine Drive Manassas, Virginia 20109 Director: Darryl Debow Ph: 703.396.7657 Fax: 703.396.7660 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.virginiaschoolofpolygraph.com

T r a i n i n g &

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Schools ited by the APA

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951 Eastgate Loop

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Chattanooga, TN

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The Magazine for the Polygraph Professional€¦ · Regular Features . 4 APA Magazine 2008, 41(6)...

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