The Latin West, 1200 - 1500 What do you think of when you hear Latin? Where do you think of when you...
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Transcript of The Latin West, 1200 - 1500 What do you think of when you hear Latin? Where do you think of when you...
The Latin West, 1200 - 1500The Latin West, 1200 - 1500
What do you think of when you hear Latin? Where do you think of when you
hear Latin?
City Growth and ProblemsCity Growth and Problems 1200 Most Europeans
were peasants (serfs) Population of Europe
doubles from 1000 – 1445
Opened new land that had poor soil quality to causing a decline in crop yields in 1250
The Black Death and Social ChangeThe Black Death and Social Change Ravaged Europe for 2
years from 1346-48 and periodically from 1300-1400
Population decreased labor became more expensive ending serfdom
Living standards improved and incomes rose
Mines and MillsMines and Mills 1200 – 1500 Windmills
and watermills introduced = increased profits
Mining, iron working, quarries, and “tanning” increase = water pollution and deforestation
City revivalCity revival Trade and manufacturing
contributes to growth of cities (Mongol Empire)
Venetians capture Constantinople in 1204 opening trade to central Asia with the Mongols
Italy grows as a sea trading city.
Civic lifeCivic life European cities=City-states= freedom an social mobility Jewish people lived in most European cities
(diasporas) and blamed for things like the “Black Death”, and expelled from Spain.
Guilds – groups of people in the same job or trade, regulated access to trade routes
Women- Unskilled Non-Guild jobs Growth in Commerce (Trade)--Medici Family in
Florence rise as a banking family Most money lenders were Jewish because the Catholic
Church prohibited banking
ArchitectureArchitecture Gothic cathedrals were
masterpieces of late medieval buildings
Marked by Gothic arches, high towers and spires, and large interiors lit by huge stained glass windows
Designers had no formal training, therefore learned through mistakes.
Learning, Literature, and RenaissanceLearning, Literature, and Renaissance After 1100 Western
Europe had access to Greek and Arabic science and medicine
1200ce - colleges and universities emerge
Universities specialized in subjects. Most prominent was THEOLOGY
The main concern of HUMANISTS was education.
Humanists and PrintersHumanists and Printers Dante Alighieri and
Geoffrey Chaucer (Canterbury Tales) – Authors
Petrarch and Boccaccio Johann Gutenberg –
developed printing press 1454, 10 million printed works by 1500
Renaissance ArtistsRenaissance Artists 14th and 15th century
depicted Greek and Roman Gods
Jan van Eyke’s development of realistic oil paintings
Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo
This rebirth started to happen all over the world
Political and Military TransformationsPolitical and Military Transformations 13th century Europe had weak Monarchs with small
treasuries Development of armor piercing crossbow and
firearms undermined the Knights King Phillip the Fair of France reduced the power of
the church when he arrested the pope and had a new (French) one installed
Norman invasion of England 1066 -> Magna Carta 1215 -> limited nobles power
Marriage alliances were formed to produce wars over inheritance
The Hundred Years WarThe Hundred Years War
France against England 1337 – 1453
King Edward III of England claimed the French throne
Military tech. – crossbow, longbow, pike, firearms, canon
French superior canon tech. Finally beat the English and made the French monarchy stronger than ever.
JOAN OF ARC
New Monarchies in France and EnglandNew Monarchies in France and England
New military technology makes the castle and the knight obsolete
After 100 years war stronger central governments
End of 15th century power shifts from church to monarchs
Parliament is created in EnglandEstates-General created in France
Iberian UnificationIberian Unification Spain and Portugal emerge as
strong states through marriage and reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslims
Portugal established in 1249 and captured the Moroccan port of Ceuta opening TRANS-SAHARAN TRADE
Spain expelled all Muslims and Jews 1492
MAP ActivityMAP Activity TITLE = Europe 1200 – 1500 SHADE = Portugal, Spain, France, England, Italy INCLUDE 15 SYMBOLS = like the printing press,
renaissance, etc… in the key ON THE BACK: INCLUDE A TIMELINE WITH 7
MAJOR EVENTS OR TIME PERIODS: THINK CONCRETE DETAILS.Create a Level-3 Question for Thursday