The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our...
Transcript of The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our...
![Page 1: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
Amol Dighe
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai
Mumbai Local, JunoonMCubed Library, Mumbai, Mar 5, 2015
![Page 2: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
1 The two extremesHow large is large ?How small is small ?
2 How they meet: three storiesWhy did the apple fall ?How does the Sun shine ?Where did all the gold come from ?
3 My personal junoon with science
![Page 3: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
1 The two extremesHow large is large ?How small is small ?
2 How they meet: three storiesWhy did the apple fall ?How does the Sun shine ?Where did all the gold come from ?
3 My personal junoon with science
![Page 4: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
1 The two extremesHow large is large ?How small is small ?
2 How they meet: three storiesWhy did the apple fall ?How does the Sun shine ?Where did all the gold come from ?
3 My personal junoon with science
![Page 5: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
In my office: about 1m × 1m
![Page 6: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
zoom-out 1: 10m × 10m
![Page 7: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
zoom-out 2: 100m × 100m
![Page 8: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
zoom-out 3: 1km × 1km: Navy Nagar
![Page 9: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
zoom-out 4: Our beloved city
![Page 10: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
zoom-out 5: Mumbai and Thane districts
![Page 11: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
zoom-out 6: From Goa to Karachi
![Page 12: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
zoom-out 7: Almost the entire Earth
![Page 13: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
zoom-out 8: The earth and nothing else
![Page 14: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
zoom-out 9: The orbit of the moon
![Page 15: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
zoom-out 10: Nobody but the two of us
![Page 16: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
zoom-out 11: Venus and mars: neighbouring planets
![Page 17: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
zoom-out 12: The inner planets
![Page 18: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
zoom-out 13: The solar system
![Page 19: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
zoom-out 14: The solar system, and nothing..
![Page 20: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
zoom-out 15: More nothingness: is anybody there ?
![Page 21: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
zoom-out 16: How alone we are....
v
![Page 22: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
zoom-out 17: Finally, some neighbouring stars...
![Page 23: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
zoom-out 18: Our local star colony
![Page 24: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
zoom-out 19: A corner of the Milky Way
![Page 25: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
zoom-out 20: It’s not the whole galaxy yet...
![Page 26: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
zoom-out 21: Finally, the Milky Way galaxy !
![Page 27: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
zoom-out 22: Some nearby neighbours
![Page 28: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
zoom-out 23: Our galaxy cluster
![Page 29: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
zoom-out 24: Light takes 10 crore years to cross this
![Page 30: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
zoom-out 25: ... and 100 crore years to cross this !
![Page 31: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
zoom-out 26: That’s all the universe we see...
![Page 32: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
1 The two extremesHow large is large ?How small is small ?
2 How they meet: three storiesWhy did the apple fall ?How does the Sun shine ?Where did all the gold come from ?
3 My personal junoon with science
![Page 33: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Back to the Earth: 1m × 1m
![Page 34: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
zoom-in 1: 10cm × 10cm
![Page 35: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
zoom-in 2: 1cm × 1cm
![Page 36: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
zoom-in 3: 1mm × 1mm
![Page 37: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
zoom-in 4: Blood vessel
![Page 38: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
zoom-in 5: White blood cell
![Page 39: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
zoom-in 6: Cell membrane (also: light wavelength)
![Page 40: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
zoom-in 7: Inside the cell
![Page 41: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
zoom-in 8: Chromosomes and DNA
![Page 42: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
zoom-in 9: Amino acids, nanoparticles
![Page 43: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
zoom-in 10: An Atom
![Page 44: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
zoom-in 11: Within the electron cloud
![Page 45: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
zoom-in 12: Nucleus and nothingness
![Page 46: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
zoom-in 13: Protons and Neutrons
![Page 47: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
zoom-in 14: Protons and neutrons have structure
![Page 48: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
zoom-in 15: Quarks? gluons? plasma ?
![Page 49: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
zoom-in 16: The picture is still unclear...
![Page 50: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
The two extremes
The largest scale
⇒ 100 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 m
The smallest scale
⇒ 0. 000 000 000 000 000 1 m
Shall the twain ever meet ?
![Page 51: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
1 The two extremesHow large is large ?How small is small ?
2 How they meet: three storiesWhy did the apple fall ?How does the Sun shine ?Where did all the gold come from ?
3 My personal junoon with science
![Page 52: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
1 The two extremesHow large is large ?How small is small ?
2 How they meet: three storiesWhy did the apple fall ?How does the Sun shine ?Where did all the gold come from ?
3 My personal junoon with science
![Page 53: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
The falling apple
![Page 54: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
The universal gravitation
![Page 55: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
1 The two extremesHow large is large ?How small is small ?
2 How they meet: three storiesWhy did the apple fall ?How does the Sun shine ?Where did all the gold come from ?
3 My personal junoon with science
![Page 56: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Burning ball of fire ?
Would have burnt out in a few thousand yearsBut has been around for many more !!
![Page 57: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Burning ball of fire ?
Would have burnt out in a few thousand yearsBut has been around for many more !!
![Page 58: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
The structure of the Sun
It is a nuclear reactor !
![Page 59: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
The nuclear reactions
How do we know this ? Can we see some evidence ?
![Page 60: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Neutrinos from the Sun: tiny point particles
Can indeed see neutrinos from the Sun now !Around 1 000 000 000 000 neutrinos pass through each ofus every second !
![Page 61: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
1 The two extremesHow large is large ?How small is small ?
2 How they meet: three storiesWhy did the apple fall ?How does the Sun shine ?Where did all the gold come from ?
3 My personal junoon with science
![Page 62: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Many forms of gold: origin ?
![Page 63: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
The gold mine
But where did the gold in the mines come from ?
![Page 64: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
The essence of gold
![Page 65: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Why is it a big deal to make gold ?
Elements have to be made, starting from hydrogen, bynuclear fusion inside stars
Even the intense temperature and pressure inside starscannot make elements heavier than iron (26 protons, 30neutrons)
Gold has 79 protons and 118 neutrons. How is thispossible ?
There is just one phenomenon we know in nature that cando this...
![Page 66: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Why is it a big deal to make gold ?
Elements have to be made, starting from hydrogen, bynuclear fusion inside stars
Even the intense temperature and pressure inside starscannot make elements heavier than iron (26 protons, 30neutrons)
Gold has 79 protons and 118 neutrons. How is thispossible ?
There is just one phenomenon we know in nature that cando this...
![Page 67: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Why is it a big deal to make gold ?
Elements have to be made, starting from hydrogen, bynuclear fusion inside stars
Even the intense temperature and pressure inside starscannot make elements heavier than iron (26 protons, 30neutrons)
Gold has 79 protons and 118 neutrons. How is thispossible ?
There is just one phenomenon we know in nature that cando this...
![Page 68: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Why is it a big deal to make gold ?
Elements have to be made, starting from hydrogen, bynuclear fusion inside stars
Even the intense temperature and pressure inside starscannot make elements heavier than iron (26 protons, 30neutrons)
Gold has 79 protons and 118 neutrons. How is thispossible ?
There is just one phenomenon we know in nature that cando this...
![Page 69: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
A supernova !
Crab nebula, Supernova seen exploding in 1054
![Page 70: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
So that’s the story...
Once upon a time, there was a big star, which exploded(supernova)
The exploded material travelled far and wide in the galaxies
It is from this material that the solar system was made.
We are, literally, “Stardust”
The story of gold has become the story of our origin,through our knowledge of elementary particles !
![Page 71: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
So that’s the story...
Once upon a time, there was a big star, which exploded(supernova)
The exploded material travelled far and wide in the galaxies
It is from this material that the solar system was made.
We are, literally, “Stardust”
The story of gold has become the story of our origin,through our knowledge of elementary particles !
![Page 72: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
So that’s the story...
Once upon a time, there was a big star, which exploded(supernova)
The exploded material travelled far and wide in the galaxies
It is from this material that the solar system was made.
We are, literally, “Stardust”
The story of gold has become the story of our origin,through our knowledge of elementary particles !
![Page 73: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
So that’s the story...
Once upon a time, there was a big star, which exploded(supernova)
The exploded material travelled far and wide in the galaxies
It is from this material that the solar system was made.
We are, literally, “Stardust”
The story of gold has become the story of our origin,through our knowledge of elementary particles !
![Page 74: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
So that’s the story...
Once upon a time, there was a big star, which exploded(supernova)
The exploded material travelled far and wide in the galaxies
It is from this material that the solar system was made.
We are, literally, “Stardust”
The story of gold has become the story of our origin,through our knowledge of elementary particles !
![Page 75: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
The largest, the smallest, and us
1 The two extremesHow large is large ?How small is small ?
2 How they meet: three storiesWhy did the apple fall ?How does the Sun shine ?Where did all the gold come from ?
3 My personal junoon with science
![Page 76: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
What attracted me to science
Magic tricks (science is unraveling nature’s magic tricks)
![Page 77: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
What attracted me to science
Magic tricks (science is unraveling nature’s magic tricks)
Science fiction
![Page 78: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
What attracted me to science
Magic tricks (science is unraveling nature’s magic tricks)
Science fiction
An impression that scientists get to travel a lot
![Page 79: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
What science means to me
Science is...A combined global effort to understand how Nature worksThe only reliable way we have to get at objective truthAn exciting and fulfilling quest
What do I get from being a scientist
Satisfaction of understanding how nature worksA different / enhanced(?) appreciation of beautyExcitement at new discoveries (even if by others)Ecstasy of being the first to know about something new
![Page 80: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
What science means to me
Science is...A combined global effort to understand how Nature worksThe only reliable way we have to get at objective truthAn exciting and fulfilling quest
What do I get from being a scientist
Satisfaction of understanding how nature worksA different / enhanced(?) appreciation of beautyExcitement at new discoveries (even if by others)Ecstasy of being the first to know about something new
![Page 81: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
The process and the by-product
The enjoyable processQ and A with nature: each experiment is a question to nature
The by-productLearn to ask questionsLearn to accept answersLearn to separate wheat from chaff (pseudoscience)
![Page 82: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
The process and the by-product
The enjoyable processQ and A with nature: each experiment is a question to nature
The by-productLearn to ask questionsLearn to accept answersLearn to separate wheat from chaff (pseudoscience)
![Page 83: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
The modus operandi of a theorist
Look for ideas that excite you
Focus on testable ideas: suggest experiments
Talk to people about their own research, in any field
Develop frameworks where many things can be explainedtogether
Test ideas and throw away the ones that do not fit the data
A creative process, tempered by the way nature works
![Page 84: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
The modus operandi of a theorist
Look for ideas that excite you
Focus on testable ideas: suggest experiments
Talk to people about their own research, in any field
Develop frameworks where many things can be explainedtogether
Test ideas and throw away the ones that do not fit the data
A creative process, tempered by the way nature works
![Page 85: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
How the largest, the smallest, and we come together
Compared to the vastness of the Universe, we areinsignificant: very humbling
Even then, we can understand a lot about how the worldfunctions: very audacious
We can do this by studying properties of tiny particles inthe laboratory: very ingenious
In the process, we learn more and more about the nature,and about ourselves...
That’s my junoon !
![Page 86: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
How the largest, the smallest, and we come together
Compared to the vastness of the Universe, we areinsignificant: very humbling
Even then, we can understand a lot about how the worldfunctions: very audacious
We can do this by studying properties of tiny particles inthe laboratory: very ingenious
In the process, we learn more and more about the nature,and about ourselves...
That’s my junoon !
![Page 87: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
How the largest, the smallest, and we come together
Compared to the vastness of the Universe, we areinsignificant: very humbling
Even then, we can understand a lot about how the worldfunctions: very audacious
We can do this by studying properties of tiny particles inthe laboratory: very ingenious
In the process, we learn more and more about the nature,and about ourselves...
That’s my junoon !
![Page 88: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
How the largest, the smallest, and we come together
Compared to the vastness of the Universe, we areinsignificant: very humbling
Even then, we can understand a lot about how the worldfunctions: very audacious
We can do this by studying properties of tiny particles inthe laboratory: very ingenious
In the process, we learn more and more about the nature,and about ourselves...
That’s my junoon !
![Page 89: The largest, the smallest, and usThe story of gold has become the story of our origin, through our knowledge of elementary particles ! The largest, the smallest, and us 1 The two extremes](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071423/611cfd243f81090f863e90ed/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
How the largest, the smallest, and we come together
Compared to the vastness of the Universe, we areinsignificant: very humbling
Even then, we can understand a lot about how the worldfunctions: very audacious
We can do this by studying properties of tiny particles inthe laboratory: very ingenious
In the process, we learn more and more about the nature,and about ourselves...
That’s my junoon !