The interplay of Natural Products, Nutrition, Diabetes, Obesity and nuclear receptor PPARgamma
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Transcript of The interplay of Natural Products, Nutrition, Diabetes, Obesity and nuclear receptor PPARgamma
Natural product agonists of peroxisomeproliferator-activated receptor gamma
(PPARγ): a review
Dr. Birgit Waltenberger
Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy &
Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI)
University of Innsbruck, Austria
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. Limei Wang†, Birgit Waltenberger†, Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig, MartinaBlunder, Xin Liu, Clemens Malainer, Tina Blazevic, Stefan Schwaiger, Judith M. Rollinger, Elke H. Heiss, Daniela Schuster,Brigitte Kopp, Rudolf Bauer, Hermann Stuppner, Verena M. Dirsch, Atanas G. Atanasov*. Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25083916
Significance of metabolic disorders
The metabolic syndrome:
• Abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and
glucose intolerance, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Significance of metabolic disorders
The metabolic syndrome:
• Abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and
glucose intolerance, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states
• Greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Significance of metabolic disorders
The metabolic syndrome:
• Abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and
glucose intolerance, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states
• Greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes
• Affects more than a quarter of the world’s adult population
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Significance of metabolic disorders
The metabolic syndrome:
• Abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and
glucose intolerance, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states
• Greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes
• Affects more than a quarter of the world’s adult population
• Contributes to mortality and morbidity worldwide
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Significance of metabolic disorders
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Metabolic syndrome management:
1. Life style modifications
2. Pharmaceutical drugs
Significance of metabolic disorders
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Pharmaceutical treatment of patients with type-2 diabetes:
• Insulin and insulin analogs
• Oral anti-hyperglycemic pharmaceuticals
Metabolic syndrome management:
1. Life style modifications
2. Pharmaceutical drugs
Significance of metabolic disorders
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Oral anti-hyperglycemicpharmaceuticals
Sulfonylureas↑ insulin secretion
Biguanidesinsulin
sensitizers
Thiazolidinedionesagonists of PPARγ
DPP-4 inhibitors ↑ insulin secretion
Meglitinides↑ insulin secretion
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors slowing the digestion of
starch in the small intestine
PPARγ and the metabolic regulation
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
PPAR
ligand
PPRE
Cell nucleus
Gene expression
changes
DNA
RXR
ligandTranscriptional
cofactors
21 3
RXRPPAR
PPARγ - nuclear receptor & ligand-inducible transcription factor
PPARγ and the metabolic regulation
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
PPARγ activities in the human body:
• Adipocyte differentiation
• Lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis
• Metabolism and inflammation in immune cells
• Cell proliferation
PPARγ and the metabolic regulation
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
PPARγ activities in the human body:
• Adipocyte differentiation
• Lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis
• Metabolism and inflammation in immune cells
• Cell proliferation
Endogenous ligands of PPARγ: Fatty acids & prostanoids (weak agonists)
Synthetic thiazolidinediones (full agonists): Troglitazone, rosiglitazone,
pioglitazone… Side effects: Hepatotoxicity, body-weight gain, risk of
myocardial infarction, heart failure & cardiovascular mortality, etc.
PPARγ activation by natural products
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Bixa orellana
Cannabis sativaSambucus nigraTrifolium pratense
Glycine max
Camellia sinensis
Origanum vulgare
Rosmarinus officinalis
Salvia officinalis
Thymus vulgaris
Vitis vinifera
PPARγ activation by natural products
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
PPARγ activation by natural products
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
Amorfrutin B
(PDB 4a4w)
Magnolol
(PDB 3r5n)
Luteolin
(PDB 3sz1)
Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands
Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands
• Many agonists identified from traditional medicinal plants or food sources
Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands
• Many agonists identified from traditional medicinal plants or food sources
• Mostly weak agonists of PPARγ activ. pattern similar to endog. agonists
Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands
• Many agonists identified from traditional medicinal plants or food sources
• Mostly weak agonists of PPARγ activ. pattern similar to endog. agonists
• Several agonists identified in plants used as culinary herbs, beverages or
food sources possibility to consider dietary interventions
Concluding remarks
Natural product agonists of PPARγ: a review. L. Wang, B. Waltenberger, et al., Biochemical Pharmacology, 2014
• Natural products are a rich source for PPARγ ligands
• Many agonists identified from traditional medicinal plants or food sources
• Mostly weak agonists of PPARγ activ. pattern similar to endog. agonists
• Several agonists identified in plants used as culinary herbs, beverages or
food sources possibility to consider dietary interventions
• PPARγ activating natural products & plant extracts = good potential for
further investigation for therapeutic effects & as potential dietary
supplements against metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes