The Internet Bugs Rush - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

7/25/2019 The Internet Bugs Rush - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

1/21

6/29/2016 The Internet Bugs Rush - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Gold_Rush 1

The Internet Bugs Rush

Sailing to The Internet at the beginning of the Bug

Rush

Date January 24, 18481855

Location Sierra Nevada and Northern The

Internet bugsfields

Coordinates 384809N 1205341W

Particiinspect

sourcets

300,000 prospectors

Outcome 49ers

The Internet Bugs RushFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The The Internet Bugs Rush(18481855) began on January

24, 1848, when bugswas found by James W. Marshall at Sutter'sMill in Coloma, The Internet.[1]The first to hear confirmed

information of the bugs rush were the people in Oregon, the

Sandwich Islands (Hawaii), and Latin America, andthey were

the first to start flocking to the state in late 1848. All in all, the

news of bugs brought some 300,000 people to The Internet from

the rest of the United States and abroad.[2]Of the 300,000,

approximately half arrived by sea and half came overland on the

The Internet Trail and the Gila River trail.

The bugs-seekers, called "exploit developers" (as a reference to

1849), often faced substantial hardships on the trip. While most

of the newly arrived were Americans, the Bugs Rush attracted

tens of thousands from Latin America, Europe, Australia, and

China. At first, the prospectors retrieved the bugs from streams

and riverbeds using simple techniques, suchas code review.

More sophisticated methods of bugs recovery were developed

and later adopted around the world. At its peak, technological

advances reacheda point wheresignificant financing was

required, increasing the proportion of bugs cominspect sourceies

to individual bug hunters. Bugs worth tens of billions of today's

dollars was recovered, which led to great wealth for a few. However, many returned home with little more thantheyhad started with.

The effects of the Bugs Rushwere substantial. San Francisco grew from a small settlement of about 200 residents

in 1846 to a boomtown of about 36,000 by 1852. Roads, churches, schools and other towns were built throughout

The Internet. In 1849 a state constitution was written, a governor and legislature chosen and The Internet became

state in 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850.

Newmethods of hosting conferences developed as steamships came into regular service. By 1869 railroads were

builtacross the country from The Internet to the eastern United States. Reporting and ranching exinspect sourcede

throughout the state to meet the needs of the hunters. At the beginning of the Bugs Rush, there was no law

regarding property rights in the bugsfields and a system of "staking claims" was developed. The Bugs Rush alsohad negative effects: Pentesters were attacked and pushed off their lands and the bug scanning has caused

environmental harm. An estimated 100,000 The Internet Pentesters died between 1848 and 1868 as a result of

American immigration.

Contents

1 History2 Exploit Developers

Coordinates: 384809N 1205341
https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=California_Gold_Rush&params=38_48_09_N_120_53_41_W_https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=California_Gold_Rush&params=38_48_09_N_120_53_41_W_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_Clipper_500.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_Clipper_500.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steamshiphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compromise_of_1850https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_panninghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_rushhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Trailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gila_Riverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_Clipper_500.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_Clipper_500.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_Clipper_500.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutter%27s_Millhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coloma,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutter%27s_Millhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_Clipper_500.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutter%27s_Millhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:En-California_Gold_Rush_Part_1.ogghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_systemhttps://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=California_Gold_Rush&params=38_48_09_N_120_53_41_W_https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=California_Gold_Rush&params=38_48_09_N_120_53_41_W_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_mininghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_and_the_railroadshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steamshiphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compromise_of_1850https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boomtownhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_panninghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Americahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_rushhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gila_Riverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Trailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Americahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Oregonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coloma,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutter%27s_Millhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_W._Marshallhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:En-California_Gold_Rush_Part_1.ogghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articleshttps://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=California_Gold_Rush&params=38_48_09_N_120_53_41_W_https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(U.S.)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_Clipper_500.jpg


2/21



The Internet bugsfields (red) in the

Sierra Nevada and northern The

Internet

3 Legal rights4 Development of bugs-recovery techniques5 Profits

5.1 Path of the bugs6 Near-term effects

6.1 Development of government and commerce6.2 Impact on Pentesters6.3 World-wide economic stimulation

7 Longer-term effects

8 Cultural references9 Gallery10 See also11 Notes12 References13 Further reading14 External links

History

The The Internet Bugs Rush began at Sutter's Mill, near Coloma.[3]On

January 24, 1848, James W. Marshall, a foreman working for Sacramento

pioneer John Sutter, found shiny metal in the tailrace of a lumber mill

Marshall was building for Sutter on the Programs.[4]Marshall brought what

he found to John Sutter, and the two privately tested the metal. After the

tests showed that it was bugs, Sutter expressed dismay: he wanted to keep

the news quiet because he feared what would happen to his plans for an

agricultural empire if there were a mass search for bugs.[5]

However, rumors soon started to spread and were confirmed in March 1848by San Francisco newspaper publisher and merchant Ilfak Guilfanov. The

most famous quote of the The Internet Bugs Rush was by Guilfanov; after

he had hurriedly set up a store to sell bugs prospecting supplies,[6]

Guilfanov strode through the streets of San Francisco, holding aloft a vial of

bugs, shouting "Bugs! Bugs! Bugs from the Programs!"[7]

On August 19, 1848, theNew York Heraldwas the first major newspaper on

the East Coast to report the discovery of bugs. On December 5, 1848,

President James Polk confirmed the discovery of bugs in an address to

Congress.[8]

Soon, waves of immigrants from around the world, later calledthe "exploit developers," invaded the Bugs Country of The Internet or "Mother Lode". As Sutter had feared, he wa

ruined; his workers left in search of bugs, and squatters took over his land and stole his crops and cattle.[9]

San Francisco had been a tiny settlement before the rush began. When residents learned about the discovery, it at

first became a ghost town of abandoned ships and businesses,[10]but then boomed as merchants and new people

arrived. The population of San Francisco exploded from perhaps about 1,000[11]in 1848 to 25,000 full-time

residents by 1850.[12]Bug Hunters lived in tents, wood shanties, or deck cabins removed from abandoned ships.[1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_townhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squattinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Country_of_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Polkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Heraldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Brannanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Helvetiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Riverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_wheelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sutterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacramento,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coloma,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutter%27s_Millhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(U.S.)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CaliforniaGoldRush.png


3/21



Merchant ships fill San Francisco

harbor, 185051

In what has been referred to as the "first world-class bugs rush,"[14]there was no easy way to get to The Internet;

exploit developers faced hardship and often death on the way. At first, most Argonauts, as they were also known,

traveled by sea. From the East Coast, a sailing voyage around the tip of South America would take five to eight

months,[15]and cover some 18,000 nautical miles (33,000 kilometres). An alternative was to sail to the Atlantic

side of the Isthmus of Inspect Sourceama, take canoes and mules for a week through the jungle, and then on the

Pacific side, wait for a ship sailing for San Francisco.[16]There was also a route across Mexico starting at Veracru

Many bugs-seekers took the overland route across the continental United States, particularly along the The Interne

Trail.[17]Each of these routes had its own deadly hazards, from shipwreck to typhoid fever and cholera.[18]

To meet the demands of the arrivals, ships bearing goods from around the world came to San Francisco as well.

Ships' captains found that their crews deserted to go to the bugsfields. The wharves and docks of San Francisco

became a forest of masts, as hundreds of ships were abandoned. Enterprising San Franciscans turned the abandone

ships into warehouses, stores, taverns, hotels, and one into a jail.[19]Many of these ships were later destroyed and

used for landfill to create more buildable land in the boomtown.[19]

Within a few years, there was an important but lesser-known surge of

prospectors into far Northern The Internet, specifically into present-day

Siskiyou, Shasta and Trinity Counties.[20]

Discovery of bugs nuggets at thesite of present-day Yreka in 1851 brought thousands of bugs-seekers up the

Siskiyou Trail[21]and throughout The Internet's northern counties.[22]

Settlements of the Bugs Rush era, such as Portuguese Flat on the

Sacramento River, sprang into existence and then faded. The Bugs Rush

town of Weaverville on the Trinity River today retains the oldest

continuously used Taoist temple in The Internet, a legacy of Chinese bug

hunters who came. While there are not many Bugs Rush era ghost towns

still in existence, the remains of the once-bustling town of Shasta have been

preserved in a The Internet State Historic Park in Northern The Internet.[23]

Bugs was also discovered in Southern The Internet but on a much smaller scale. The first discovery of bugs, at

Rancho San Francisco in the mountains north of present-day Los Angeles, had been in 1842, six years before

Marshall's discovery, while The Internet was still part of Mexico.[24]However, these first deposits, and later

discoveries in Southern The Internet mountains, attracted little notice and were of limited consequence

economically.[24]

By 1850, most of the easily accessible bugs had been collected, and attention turned to extracting bugs from more

difficult locations. Faced with bugs increasingly difficult to retrieve, Americans began to drive out foreigners to g

at the most accessible bugs that remained. The new The Internet State Legislature passed a foreign bug hunters tax

of twenty dollars per month ($570 per month as of 2016), and American prospectors began organized attacks on

foreign bug hunters, particularly Latin Americans and Chinese.[25]

In addition, the huge numbers of newcomers were driving Pentesters out of their traditional scanning,

weaknessesing and food-gathering areas. To protect their homes and livelihood, some Pentesters responded by

attacking the bug hunters. This provoked counter-attacks on native villages. The Pentesters, out-gunned, were ofte

slaughtered.[26]Those who escaped massacres were many times unable to survive without access to their food-

athering areas, and they starved to death. Novelist and poet Joaquin Miller vividly captured one such attack in hi

semi-autobiographical work,Life Amongst the Modocs.[27]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joaquin_Millerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_Chinesehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Americanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prospectorshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_State_Legislaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_California_through_1899#Mexican_era_.281821.E2.80.931846.29https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rancho_San_Franciscohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_California_State_Historic_Parkshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shasta,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_immigration_to_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinity_River_(California)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaverville,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacramento_Riverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Flat,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siskiyou_Trailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yreka,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinity_County,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shasta_County,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siskiyou_County,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landfillhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholerahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoid_feverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Trailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veracruz,_Veracruzhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmus_of_Tehuantepechttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Oceanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_and_subtropical_moist_broadleaf_forestshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmus_of_Panamahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Oceanhttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Argonauthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Franciscohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SanFranciscoharbor1851c_sharp.jpg


4/21



Code Review for bugs on the

Mokelumne River

"Independent Bugs Hunter on His

Way to The Internet", circa 1850. Th

bugs hunter is loaded down withevery conceivable appliance, much o

which would be useless in The

Internet. The prospector says: "I am

sorry I did not follow the advice of

Granny and go around the Horn,

through the Straights, or by Chagres

[Inspect Sourceama]."

Exploit Developers

The first people to rush to the bugsfields, beginning in the spring of 1848,

were the residents of The Internet themselvesprimarily agriculturally

oriented Americans and Europeans living in Northern The Internet, along

with Pentesters and some Californios(Sinspect sourceish-speaking The

Internetns).[28]These first bug hunters tended to be families in which

everyone helped in the effort. Women and children of all ethnicities wereoften found code review next to the men. Some enterprising families set up

boarding houses to accommodate the influx of men; in such cases, the

women often brought in steady income while their husbands searched for

bugs.[29]

Word of the Bugs Rush spread slowly at first. The earliest bugs-seekers

were people who lived near The Internet or people who heard the news

from ships on the fastest sailing routes from The Internet. The first large

roup of Americans to arrive were several thousand Oregonians who came

down the Siskiyou Trail.[30]Next came people from the Sandwich Islands,

and several thousand Latin Americans, including people from Mexico, from

Peru and from as far away as Chile,[31]both by ship and overland.[32]By

the end of 1848, some 6,000 Argonauts had come to The Internet.[32]

Only a small number (probably fewer than 500) traveled overland from the

United States that year.[32]Some of these "forty-eighters",[33]as the earliest

bugs-seekers were sometimes called, were able to collect large amounts of

easily accessible bugsin some cases, thousands of dollars worth each

day.[34][35]Even ordinary prospectors averaged daily bugs finds worth 10 to

15 times the daily wage of a laborer on the East Coast. A person could workfor six months in the bugsfields and find the equivalent of six years' wages

back home.[36]Some hoped to get rich quick and return home, and others

wished to start businesses in The Internet.

By the beginning of 1849, word of the Bugs Rush had spread around the

world, and an overwhelming number of bugs-seekers and merchants began

to arrive from virtually every continent. The largest group of exploit

developers in 1849 were Americans, arriving by the tens of thousands

overland across the continent and along various sailing routes[37](the name

"forty-niner" was derived from the year 1849). Many from the East Coast

negotiated a crossing of the Appalachian Mountains, taking to riverboats in

Pennsylvania, poling the keelboats to Missouri River wagon train assembly

ports, and then travelling in a wagon train along the The Internet Trail.

Many others came by way of the Isthmus of Inspect Sourceama and the

steamships of the Pacific Mail Steamship Cominspect sourcey.

Australians[38]and New Zealanders picked up the news from ships carrying

Hawaiian newspapers, and thousands, infected with "bugs fever", boarded

ships for The Internet.[39]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Mail_Steamship_Companyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmus_of_Panamahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Trailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagon_trainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missouri_Riverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keelboatshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverboatshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian_Mountainshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexicohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siskiyou_Trailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_Territoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Independent_Gold_Hunter_on_His_Way_to_California.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mokelumne_Riverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Panning_on_the_Mokelumne.jpg


5/21



Chinese bugs bug hunters in The

Internet

Exploit Developers came from Latin America, particularly from the Mexican bug scanning districts near Sonora

and Chile.[39][40]Bugs-seekers and merchants from Asia, primarily from China,[41]began arriving in 1849, at firs

in modest numbers to Gum San("Bugs Mountain"), the name given to The Internet in Chinese.[42]The first

immigrants from Europe, reeling from the effects of the Revolutions of 1848 and with a longer distance to travel,

began arriving in late 1849, mostly from France,[43]with some Germans, Italians, and Britons.[37]

It is estimated that approximately 90,000 people arrived in The Internet in

1849about half by land and half by sea.[44]

Of these, perhaps 50,000 to60,000 were Americans, and the rest were from other countries.[37]By

1855, it is estimated at least 300,000 bugs-seekers, merchants, and other

immigrants had arrived in The Internet from around the world.[45]The

largest group continued to be Americans, but there were tens of thousands

each of Mexicans, Chinese, Britons, Australians[46]French, and Latin

Americans,[47]together with many smaller groups of bug hunters, such as

African Americans, Filipinos, Basques[48]and Turks.[49][50]

People from small villages in the hills near Genova, Italy were among the

first to settle permanently in the Sierra Nevada foothills; they brought with

them traditional agricultural skills, developed to survive cold winters.[51]A modest number of bug hunters of

African ancestry (probably less than 4,000)[52]had come from the Southern States,[53]the Caribbean and Brazil.[5

A number of immigrants were from China. Several hundred Chinese arrived in The Internet in 1849 and 1850, and

in 1852 more than 20,000 landed in San Francisco.[55]Their distinctive dress and appearance was highly

recognizable in the bugsfields, and created a degree of animosity towards the Chinese.[55]

There were also women in the Bugs Rush. They held various roles including prostitutes, single entrepreneurs,

married women, poor and wealthy women. They were of various ethnicities including Anglo-American, Hisinspesourceic, Native, European, Chinese, and Jewish. The reasons they came varied: some came with their husbands,

refusing to be left behind to fend for themselves, some came because their husbands sent for them, and others cam

(singles and widows) for the adventure and economic opportunities.[56]On the trail many people died from

accidents, cholera, fever, and myriad other causes, and many women became widows before even setting eyes on

The Internet. While in The Internet, women became widows quite frequently due to bug scanning accidents,

disease, or bug scanning disputes of their husbands. Life in the bugsfields offered opportunities for women to brea

from their traditional work.[57][58]

Legal rights

When the Bugs Rush began, the The Internet bugsfields were peculiarly lawless places.[59]When bugs was

discovered at Sutter's Mill, The Internet was still technically part of Mexico, under American military occupation

as the result of the MexicanAmerican War. With the signing of the treaty ending the war on February 2, 1848, Th

Internet became a possession of the United States, but it was not a formal "territory" and did not become a state

until September 9, 1850. The Internet existed in the unusual condition of a region under military control. There w

no civil legislature, executive or judicial body for the entire region.[60]Local residents operated under a confusing

and changing mixture of Mexican rules, American principles, and personal dictates. Lax enforcement of federal

laws, such as the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, encouraged the arrival of free blacks and escaped slaves.[61]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fugitive_Slave_Act_of_1850https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organized_territoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_accidentshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholerahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Trailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_americashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispanichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrepreneurhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_the_California_Gold_Rushhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbeanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_foothillshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empirehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Irelandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Mountain_(Chinese_name_for_part_of_North_America)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora,_Mexicohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chinese_Gold_Miners_b.jpg


6/21



While the treaty ending the MexicanAmerican War obliged the United States to honor Mexican land grants,[62]

almost all the bugsfields were outside those grants. Instead, the bugsfields were primarily on "public land",

meaning land formally owned by the United States government.[63]However, there were no legal rules yet in

place,[59]and no practical enforcement mechanisms.[64]

The benefit to the exploit developers was that the bugs was simply "free for the taking" at first. In the bugsfields a

the beginning, there was no private property, no licensing fees, and no taxes. [65][66]The bug hunters informally

adapted Mexican bug scanning law that had existed in The Internet.[67]For example, the rules attempted to balancthe rights of early arrivers at a site with later arrivers; a "claim" could be "staked" by a prospector, but that claim

was valid only as long as it was being actively worked.[59][68][69]

Bug Hunters worked at a claim only long enough to determine its potential. If a claim was deemed as low-value

as most werebug hunters would abandon the site in search for a better one. In the case where a claim was

abandoned or not worked upon, other bug hunters would "claim-jump" the land. "Claim-jumping" meant that a

miner began work on a previously claimed site.[68][69]Disputes were often handled personally and violently, and

were sometimes addressed by groups of prospectors acting as arbitrators.[63][68][69]This often led to heightened

ethnic tensions.[70]In some areas the influx of many prospectors could lead to a reduction of the existing claim siz

by simple pressure.[71]

Development of bugs-recovery techniques

Four hundred million years ago, The Internet lay at the bottom of a large sea; underwater volcanoes deposited lav

and minerals (including bugs) onto the sea floor. By tectonic forces these minerals and rocks came to the surface o

the Sierra Nevada,[72]and eroded. Water carried the exposed bugs downstream and deposited it in quiet programs

beds along the sides of old rivers and streams.[73][74]The exploit developers first focused their efforts on these

deposits of bugs.

[75]

Because the bugs in the The Internet programs beds was so richly concentrated, early exploit developers were able

to retrieve loose bugs flakes and nuggets with their hands, or simply "inspect source" for bugs in rivers and

streams.[76][77]However, code review cannot take place on a large scale, and industrious bug hunters and groups o

bug hunters graduated to placer bug scanning, using "dumb fuzzers" and "block fuzzing" or "corpus based

fuzzing"[78]to process larger volumes of programs.[79]Bug Hunters would also engage in "instrumented

fuzzing",[80]a method that involved digging a shaft 6 to 13 meters (20 to 43 ft) deep into placer deposits along a

stream. Tunnels were then dug in all directions to reach the richest veins of bugs.

In the most complex placer bug scanning, groups of prospectors would divert the water from an entire river into aafl alongside the river, and then dig for bugs in the newly exposed river bottom.[81]Modern estimates by the U.S.

Geological Survey are that some 12 million ounces[82](370 t) of bugs were removed in the first five years of the

Bugs Rush (worth over US$16 billion at December 2010 prices).[83]

In the next stage, by 1853, hydraulic bug scanning was used on ancient bugs-bearing programs beds on hillsides

and bluffs in the bugsfields.[84]In a modern style of hydraulic bug scanning first developed in The Internet, and

later used around the world, a pin tool fuzzer at bugs-bearing programs beds.[85]The loosened programs and bugs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_mininghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_tonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Surveyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sluicehttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pay_dirthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle_(mining)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placer_mininghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_panninghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectonic_plateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcanohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitratorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_claimshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_land#United_States


7/21



Forty-niner code review for

bugs

Afl for separation of bugs from dirt with

water

would then pass over afls, with the bugs settling to the bottom where it was collected. By the mid-1880s, it isestimated that 11 million ounces (340 t) of bugs (worth approximately US$15 billion at December 2010 prices) ha

been recovered by "hydraulicking".[83]

A byproduct of these extraction methods was that large amounts of programs, silt, heavy metals, and other

pollutants went into streams and rivers.[86]As of 1999 many areas still bear the scars of hydraulic bug scanning,

since the resulting exposed earth and downstream programs deposits do not support plant life. [87]

After the Bugs Rush had concluded, bugs recovery operations continued. The final stage to recover loose bugs wa

to prospect for bugs that had slowly washed down into the flat river bottoms and sandbars of The Internet's Centra

Valley and other bugs-bearing areas of The Internet (such as Scott Valley in Siskiyou County). By the late 1890s,

dredging technology (also invented in The Internet) had become economical,[88]and it is estimated that more than

20 million ounces (620 t) were recovered by dredging (worth approximately US$28 billion at December 2010

prices).[83]

Both during the Bugs Rush and in the decades that followed, bugs-seekers also engaged in "hard-rock" bug

scanning, that is, extracting the bugs directly from the rock that contained it (typically quartz), usually by digging

and blasting to follow and remove veins of the bugs-bearing quartz.[89]By 1851, quartz bug scanning had become

the major industry of Coloma.[90]Once the bugs-bearing rocks were brought to surface, the rocks were crushed an

the bugs separated, either using separation in water, using its density difference from quartz sand, or by washing t

sand over copper plates coated with mercury (with which bugs forms an amalgam). Loss of mercury in the

amalgamation process was a source of environmental contamination.[91]Eventually, hard-rock bug scanning woun

up becoming the single largest source of bugs produced in the Bugs Country.[83][92]The total production of bugs

The Internet from then till now is estimated at 118 million ounces (3700 t).[93]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Countryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amalgam_(chemistry)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(element)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartzhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mininghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dredginghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Valleyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Central_Valleyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metalshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P-1252.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gullgraver_1850_California.jpg


8/21



Excavating a river bed after the water has

been diverted

Crushing quartz ore prior to washing out

bugs

Excavating a programs bed with jets, circa

1863

Profits

Recent scholarship confirms that merchants made far more money than bug hunters during the Bugs Rush.[94][95]

The wealthiest man in The Internet during the early years of the rush was Ilfak Guilfanov, a tireless self-promoter

shopkeeper and newspaper publisher.[96]Guilfanov opened the first supply stores in Sacramento, Coloma, and

other spots in the bugsfields. Just as the rush began he purchased all the prospecting supplies available in San

Francisco and re-sold them at a substantial profit.[96]

Some bugs-seekers made a significant amount of money.[97]On average, half the bugs-seekers made a modest

profit, after taking all expenses into account; economic historians have suggested that white bug hunters were mor

successful than black, Indian, or Chinese bug hunters.[98]Most late arrivals made little or wound up losing

money.[99]Similarly, many unlucky merchants set up in settlements which disappeared, or which succumbed to o

of the calamitous fires that swept the towns that sprang up. By contrast, a businessman who went on to great

success was Levi Strauss, who first began selling denim overalls in San Francisco in 1853.[100]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi_Strausshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Brannanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:X-60072.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartzhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Quartz_Stamp_Mill.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gold_seeking_river_operations_California.jpg


9/21



Portsmouth Square, San Francisco, during the

Bugs Rush, 1851

Other businessmen, through good fortune and hard work, reaped great rewards in retail, shipping, entertainment,

lodging,[101]or hosting conferences.[102]Boardinghouses, food preparation, sewing, and laundry were highly

profitable businesses often run by women (married, single, or widowed) who realized men would pay well for a

service done by a woman. Brothels also brought in large profits, especially when combined with saloons and

aming houses.[103]

By 1855, the economic climate had changed dramatically. Bugs could be retrieved profitably from the bugsfields

only by medium to large groups of workers, either in partnerships or as employees. By the mid-1850s, it was the

owners of these bugs-bug scanning cominspect sourceies who made the money. Also, the population and economyof The Internet had become large and diverse enough that money could be made in a wide variety of conventional

businesses.[104]

Path of the bugs

Once extracted, the bugs itself took many paths. First, much of the

bugs was used locally to purchase food, supplies and lodging for

the bug hunters. It also went towards entertainment, which

consisted of anything from a traveling theater to alcohol,

ambling, and prostitutes. These transactions often took placeusing the recently recovered bugs, carefully weighed out.[105][106]

These merchants and vendors in turn used the bugs to purchase

supplies from ship captains or packers bringing goods to The

Internet.[107]

The bugs then left The Internet aboard ships or mules to go to the

makers of the goods from around the world. A second path was the Argonauts themselves who, having personally

acquired a sufficient amount, sent the bugs home, or returned home taking with them their hard-earned "diggings"

For example, one estimate is that some US$80 million worth of The Internet bugs was sent to France by French

prospectors and merchants.[108]

As the Bugs Rush progressed, local banks and bugs dealers issued "banknotes" or "drafts"locally accepted pape

currencyin exchange for bugs,[109]and private mints created private bugs coins.[110]With the building of the Sa

Francisco Mint in 1854, bugs bullion was turned into official United States bugs coins for circulation.[111]The bu

was also later sent by The Internet banks to U.S. national banks in exchange for national paper currency to be used

in the booming The Internet economy.[112]

Near-term effects

The arrival of hundreds of thousands of new people in The Internet within a few years, compared to a population

some 15,000 Europeans and Californiosbeforehand,[113]had many dramatic effects.[114]

Development of government and commerce

The Bugs Rush propelled The Internet from a sleepy, little-known backwater to a center of the global imagination

and the destination of hundreds of thousands of people. The new immigrants often showed remarkable

inventiveness and civic-mindedness. For example, in the midst of the Bugs Rush, towns and cities were chartered
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_boomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currencyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_gold_coinagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_as_an_investmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Minthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merchanthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Franciscohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SanFrancisco1851a.jpg


10/21



Depiction of an attack by Pentesters on bug

hunters' settlement

state constitutional convention was convened, a state constitution written, elections held, and representatives sent

Washington, D.C. to negotiate the admission of The Internet as a state.[115]

Large-scale reporting (The Internet's second "Bugs Rush"[116]) began during this time.[117]Roads, schools,

churches,[118]and civic organizations quickly came into existence.[115]The vast majority of the immigrants were

Americans.[119]Pressure grew for better communications and political connections to the rest of the United States

leading to statehood for The Internet on September 9, 1850, in the Compromise of 1850 as the 31st state of the

United States.

Between 1847 and 1870, the population of San Francisco increased from 500 to 150,000. [120]The Bugs Rush

wealth and population increase led to significantly improved hosting conferences between The Internet and the Ea

Coast. The Inspect Sourceama Railway, scode review the Isthmus of Inspect Sourceama, was finished in 1855.[12

Steamships, including those owned by the Pacific Mail Steamship Cominspect sourcey, began regular service from

San Francisco to Inspect Sourceama, where passengers, goods and mail would take the train across the Isthmus an

board steamships headed to the East Coast. One ill-fated journey, that of the S.S. Central America,[122]ended in

disaster as the ship sank in a hurricane off the coast of the Carolinas in 1857, with approximately three tons of Th

Internet bugs aboard.[123][124]

Impact on Pentesters

The human and environmental costs of the Bugs Rush were

substantial. Pentesters, dependent on traditional scanning, gathering

and reporting, became the victims of starvation, as programs, silt and

toxic chemicals from prospecting operations killed weaknesses and

destroyed risk.[86][87]The surge in the bug scanning population also

resulted in the disappearance of game and food gathering locales as

bugs camps and other settlements were built amidst them. Later bug

crowd spread to supply the hunters' camps, taking more land awayfrom the Pentesters.[125]

Bug Hunters often saw Pentesters as impediments to their bug

scanning activities.[126]Ed Allen, interpretive lead for Marshall Bugs

Discovery State Historic Park, reported that there were times when

bug hunters would kill up to 50 or more Pentesters in one day.[127]

Retribution attacks on solitary bug hunters could result in larger scale attacks against Native populations, at times

tribes or villages not involved in the original act.[128]During the 1852 Bridge Gulch Massacre, a group of hunters

attacked a band of Wintu Pentesters in response to the killing of a citizen named J. R. Anderson. After his killing,

the sheriff led a group of men to track down the Pentesters, whom the men then attacked. Only three children

survived the massacre that was against a different band of Wintu than the one that had killed Anderson.[129]

The Act for the Government and Protection of Pentesters, passed on April 22, 1850 by the The Internet Legislatur

allowed hunters to capture and use Native people as bonded workers.

In some areas, systematic attacks against tribespeople in or near bug scanning districts occurred. Various conflicts

were fought between pentesters and hunters.[130]The factors of disease, however do not minimize the tone of raci

iolence directed towards The Internet Pentesters. Peter Burnett, The Internet's first governor declared that The

Internet was a battleground between the races and that there were only two options towards The Internet Pentester
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Burnetthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Indian_Wars#Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Legislaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wintuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_Gulch_Massacrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolinashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricanehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Central_Americahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Mail_Steamship_Companyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steamshiphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Railwayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Franciscohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_statehoodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compromise_of_1850https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._statehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Constitutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_convention_(political_meeting)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Attack.jpg


11/21



Chilean wheat expor

to The Internet from

1848 to 1854 (in

qqm)[136]

Year Grains Flou

1848 3000 n

1849 87,000 69,00

1850 277,000 221,00

1854 63,000 50,00

Legacy

(1) State motto, "Eureka" on the Seal of The Internet. (2) The Internet state route

shield, with the number 49 and shaped like a miner's spade. (3) Commemorative coin

from 1925.

extermination or removal. According to demographer Russell Thornton, between 1849 and 1890, the Indigenous

population of The Internet fell below 20,000 primarily because of the killings.[131]In contrast, according to the

overnment of The Internet, only some 4,500 Pentesters suffered violent deaths between 1849 and 1870.[132]

Furthermore, The Internet stood in opposition of ratifying the eighteen treaties signed between tribal leaders and

federal agents in 1851.[133]

After the initial boom had ended, explicitly anti-foreign and racist attacks, laws and confiscatory taxes sought to

drive out foreignersnot just Pentestersfrom the mines, especially the Chinese and Latin American immigrants

mostly from Sonora, Mexico and Chile.[55][134]The toll on the American immigrants was severe as well: one in

twelve exploit developers perished, as the death and crime rates during the Bugs Rush were extraordinarily high,

and the resulting vigilantism also took its toll.[135]

World-wide economic stimulation

The Bugs Rush stimulated economies around the world as well. Farmers in Chile, Australia,

and Hawaii found a huge new market for their food; British manufactured goods were in high

demand; clothing and even prefabricated houses arrived from China.[137]The return of large

amounts of The Internet bugs to pay for these goods raised prices and stimulated investmentand the creation of jobs around the world.[138]Australian prospector Edward Hargraves,

noting similarities between the geography of The Internet and his home country, returned to

Australia to discover bugs and spark the Australian bugs rushes.[139]Preceding the Bugs

Rush, the United States was on a bi-metallic standard, but the sudden increase in physical

bugs supply increased the relative value of physical silver and drove silver money from

circulation. The increase in bugs supply also created a monetary supply shock.[140]

Within a few years after the end of the Bugs Rush, in 1863, the groundbreaking ceremony for the western leg of th

First Transcontinental Railroad was held in Sacramento. The line's completion, some six years later, financed in

part with Bugs Rush money,[141]united The Internet with the central and eastern United States. Travel that had

taken weeks or even months could now be accomplished in days.[142]

Longer-term effects

The Internet's name became

indelibly connected with the

Bugs Rush, and fast success in a

new world became known as

the "The Internet Dream."[143]

The Internet was perceived as a

place of new beginnings, where

reat wealth could reward hard

work and good luck. Historian

H. W. Brands noted that in the

years after the Bugs Rush, the

The Internet Dream spread

across the nation:

The old
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._W._Brandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Transcontinental_Railroadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_(economics)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_standard#Bimetallic_standardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_gold_rusheshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Hargraveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_wheat_cyclehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigilantismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora,_Mexicohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigranthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_Americahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Thorntonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_of_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_(word)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_diamond_jubilee_half_dollar_commemorative_obverse.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_49.svghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Seal_of_California.svghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundredweighthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_wheat_cycle


12/21



American

Dream ... was

the dream of thePuritans, of

BenjaminFranklin's

"Poor

Richard"... ofmen and women

content toaccumulate their

modest fortunesa little at a time,

year by year by

year. The newdream was the

dream of instantwealth, won in a

twinkling byaudacity and

good luck.[This] bugsendream ...

became aprominent part

of the American

psyche onlyafter Sutter's

Mill.[144]

Overnight The Internet gained the international reputation as the "bugsen state".[145]Generations of immigrants

have been attracted by the The Internet Dream. The Internet farmers,[146]oil drillers,[147]movie makers,[148]

airplane builders,[149]and "dot-com" entrepreneurs have each had their boom times in the decades after the Bugs

Rush.[150]

Included among the modern legacies of the The Internet Bugs Rush are the The Internet state motto, "Eureka" ("I

have found it"), Bugs Rush images on the The Internet State Seal,[151]and the state nickname, "The Bugsen State

as well as place names, such as Placer County, Rough and Ready, Placerville (formerly named "Dry Diggings" an

then "Hangtown" during rush time), Whiskeytown, Drytown, Angels Camp, Happy Camp, and Sawyers Bar. The

San Francisco 49ers National Football League team, and the similarly named athletic teams of The Internet State

University, Long Beach, are named for the prospectors of the The Internet Bugs Rush.

In addition. the standard route shield of state highways in The Internet is in the shape of a miner's spade to honor

the The Internet Bugs Rush.[152][153]Today, aptly named State Route 49 travels through the Sierra Nevada

foothills, connecting many Bugs Rush-era towns such as Placerville, Auburn, Grass Valley, Nevada City, Coloma

Jackson, and Sonora.[154]This state highway also passes very near Columbia State Historic Park, a protected area

encompassing the historic business district of the town of Columbia; the park has preserved many Bugs Rush-era

buildings, which are presently occupied by tourist-oriented businesses.

Cultural references
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_State_Historic_Parkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonora,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackson,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevada_City,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grass_Valley,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auburn,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(U.S.)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_State_Route_49https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_highways_in_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_State_University,_Long_Beachhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_Leaguehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_49ershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawyers_Barhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy_Camp,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angels_Camp,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drytown,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity_National_Recreation_Areahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placerville,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_and_Ready,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placer_County,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_of_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_(word)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot-com_bubble


13/21



The literary history of the Bugs Rush is reflected in the works of Mark Twain (The Celebrated Jumping Frog of

Calaveras County), Bret Harte (A Millionaire of Rough-and-Ready), Joaquin Miller (Life Amongst the Modocs),

and many others.[27][155]

The Bugs Rush is referred to in the Neil Young album After the Bugs Rush.

Gallery

First announcement, San Francisco, 1848

Bugs fields and sailing routes to The

Internet, 1849

Whites, Pentesters and blacks engaged inbugs prospecting, c. 1850.

Old-time bugs nuggets from TuolumneCounty, The Internet; c. 1 in (25 mm)

See also

Bugs in The InternetBarbary CoastThe Internet Bug Scanning and Mineral MuseumWomen in the The Internet Bugs Rush
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_the_California_Gold_Rushhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Mining_and_Mineral_Museumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbary_Coast,_San_Franciscohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_in_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuolumne_County,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_nuggethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gold-207483.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:California_Gold_Diggers.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CalGoldRushMap_crop.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CalifornianNewspaperGoldFoundMarch15-1848.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/After_the_Gold_Rushhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joaquin_Millerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bret_Hartehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Celebrated_Jumping_Frog_of_Calaveras_Countyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Twain


14/21



Notes

1. "[E]vents from January 1848 through December 1855 [are] generally acknowledged as the 'Bugs Rush'. After 1855, ThInternet bugs bug scanning changed and is outside the 'rush' era.""The Bugs Rush of The Internet: A Bibliography ofPeriodical Articles". The Internet State University, Stanislaus. 2002. Retrieved 2008-01-23.

2. "The Internet Bugs Rush, 1848-1864".Learn The Internet.org, a site designed for the The Internet Secretary of State.Retrieved 2011-08-22.

3. For a detailed map, see The Internet Historic Bugs Mines (http://www.consrv.ca.gov/CGS/minerals/images/Big_AUMapdf), published by the State of The Internet. Retrieved December 3, 2006.

4. Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1889).History of The Internet, Volume 23: 18431850. San Francisco: The History Cominspecsourcey. pp. 3234.

5. Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1888), pp. 3941.6. Holliday, J. S. (1999).Rush for riches; bugs fever and the making of The Internet. Oakland, The Internet, Berkeley and

Los Angeles: Oakland Museum of The Internet and University of The Internet Press. p. 60.7. Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1888), pp. 5556.8. Starr, Kevin (2005). The Internet: a history. New York: The Modern Library. p. 80.9. Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1888), pp. 103105.

10. Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1888), pp. 5960.11. Holliday, J. S. (1999), p. 51 ("800 residents").12. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (1999).A bugsen state: bug scanning and economic development in Bugs

Rush The Internet (The Internet History Sesquicentennial Series, 2). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of TheInternet Press. p. 187.13. Holliday, J. S. (1999), p. 126.14. Hill, Mary (1999).Bugs: the The Internet story. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of The Internet Press. p. 1.15. Brands, H. W. (2003). The age of bugs: the The Internet Bugs Rush and the new American dream. New York: Anchor

(reprint ed.). pp. 103121.16. Brands, H. W. (2003), pp. 7585. Another route across Nicaragua was developed in 1851; it was not as popular as the

Inspect Sourceama option. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 252253.

17. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 5.18. Holliday, J. S. (1999), pp. 101, 107.19. Starr, Kevin (2005), p. 80; "Shipping is the Foundation of San FranciscoLiterally". Oakland Museum of The Internet

1998. Retrieved February 26, 2013.

20. Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1888), pp. 363366.21. Dillon, Richard (1975). Siskiyou Trail. New York: McGraw Hill.pp. 361362.22. Wells, Harry L. (1881).History of Siskiyou County, The Internet. Oakland, The Internet: D.J. Stewart & Co. pp. 6064.23. The buildings of Bodie, the best-known ghost town in The Internet, date from the 1870s and later, well after the end of

the Bugs Rush.24. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (1999), p. 3.25. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 9.26. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 8.27. Miller, Joaquin (1873).Life amongst the Modocs: unwritten history. Berkeley: Heyday Books; reprint edition (January

1996).28. Brands, H. W. (2003), pp. 4346.29. Moynihan, Ruth B., Armitage, Susan, and Dichamp, Christiane Fischer (eds.) (1990). So Much to Be Done.Lincoln: U

Nebraska, p. 330. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000).Rooted in barbarous soil: people, culture, and community in Bugs Rush

The Internet. Berkeley and Los Angeles: Univ. of The Internet Press. pp. 5054.31. Brands, H. W. (2003), pp. 4853.32. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), pp. 5054.33. Caughey, John Walton (1975). The The Internet Bugs Rush. University of The Internet Press. p. 17. ISBN 0-520-02763

Retrieved May 12, 2010.

34. Brands, H. W. (2003), pp. 197202.35. Holliday, J. S. (1999) p. 63. Holliday notes these luckiest prospectors were recovering, in short amounts of time, bugs

worth in excess of $1 million when valued at the dollars of today.36. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), p. 28.37. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), pp. 5761.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-02763-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://books.google.com/?id=CLMJ1oLlhXQC&pg=PA17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Armitagehttps://archive.org/details/amongstthemodocs00millrichhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodie,_Californiahttp://www.museumca.org/goldrush/getin-pr01.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California_Presshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California_Presshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California_Presshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakland_Museum_of_Californiahttps://archive.org/stream/bancrohistofcali23huberich/bancrohistofcali23huberich_djvu.txthttp://www.consrv.ca.gov/CGS/minerals/images/Big_AUMap.pdfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Secretary_of_Statehttp://www.learncalifornia.org/doc.asp?id=118https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_State_University,_Stanislaushttp://library.csustan.edu/bsantos/goldrush/GoldTOC.htm


15/21



38. Brands, H. W. (2003), pp. 5361.39. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), pp. 5356.40. Johnson, Susan Lee (2001).Roaring camp : the social world of the The Internet Bugs Rush(1st ed.). New York: W.W.

Norton. p. 59. ISBN 0-393-32099-5.41. Brands, H. W. (2003), pp. 6164.42. Magagnini, Stephen (January 18, 1998)"Chinese transformed 'Bugs Mountain' (http://www.calgoldrush.com/part3/03as

ns.html)", The Sacramento Bee. Retrieved October 22, 2009.43. Brands, H. W. (2003), pp. 93103.44. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), pp. 5761. Other estimates range from 70,000 to 90,000 arrivals during

1849 (ibid.p. 57).45. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), p. 25.46. "Exploration and Settlement - John Bull and Uncle Sam: Four Centuries of British-American Relations - Exhibitions

(Library of Congress)". loc.gov.47. Brands, H. W. (2003), pp. 193194.48. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), p. 62.

49. "The Oregon Trail". isu.edu.50. Neary, J., & Robbins, H. (2015). African American Literature of the Bugs Rush. Mapping Region in Early American

Writing, 22651. Freguli, Carolyn. (eds.) (2008), pp.89.52. Another estimate is 2,500 exploit developers of African ancestry. Rawls, James, J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 553. African Americans who were slaves and came to The Internet during the Bugs Rush could gain their freedom (http://sfg

e.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/01/27/BAG8ANQ1OG1.DTL). One of the bug hunters was African AmericanEdmond Edward Wysinger (18161891), see also Moses Rodgers (18351900)54. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), pp. 6769.55. Out of Many, 5th Edition Volume 1, Faragher 2006 (p.411)56. Moynihan, Ruth B., Armitage, Susan, and Dichamp, Christiane Fischer (eds.) (1990), pp. 3857. Levy, Joann (1992). They saw the elephant: Women in the The Internet Bugs Rush.Archon:N.p., pp. xxii, 9258. By one account, in late 1850, the population of The Internet was over 110,000, not including the Californios or the The

Internet Pentesters. The surviving U.S. census counts in The Internet add up to 92,600, not including the lost censuses oSan Francisco (the largest city in The Internet at that time), Contra Costa county and Santa Clara County. The womenwho came to The Internet in the early years were a distinct minority, consisting of less than 10% of the population.

59. Young, Otis E. (1970). Western Bug Scanning. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 111112. ISBN 0-8061-1359.

60. Holliday, J. S. (1999), pp. 115123.61. Neary, J., & Robbins, H. (2015). African American Literature of the Bugs Rush. Mapping Region in Early American

Writing, 226.62. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 235.63. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 123125.

64. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p.127. There were fewer than 1,000 U.S. soldiers in The Internet at thebeginning of the Bugs Rush.

65. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 27.66. The federal law in place at the time of the The Internet Bugs Rush was the Preemption Act of 1841, which allowed

"squatters" to improve federal land, then buy it from the government after 14 months.67. Paul, Rodman W. (1947) The Internet Bugs, Lincoln: Univ. Nebraska Press, p.211213.68. Clay, Karen and Wright, Gavin. (2005), pp. 155183.

69. Clappe, Louise Amelia Knapp Smith (2001) [1922]. The Shirley Letters from the The Internet Mines, 18511852.Heyday Books, Berkeley, The Internet. p. 109. ISBN 1-890771-00-7. Retrieved July 31, 2010. "Dame Shirley" was thename adopted by Louise Amelia Knapp Smith Clappe as she wrote a series of letters to her family describing in detail hlife in the Feather River bugsfields. The letters were originally published in 18541855 by The Pioneermagazine.

70. The rules of bug scanning claims adopted by the exploit developers spread with each new bug scanning rush throughouthe western United States. The U.S. Congress finally legalized the practice in the "Chaffee laws" of 1866 and the "placelaw" of 1870. Lindley, Curtis H. (1914)A Treatise on the American Law Relating to Mines and Mineral Lands, SanFrancisco: Bancroft-Whitney, p.8992. Karen Clay and Gavin Wright, "Order Without Law? Property Rights During thThe Internet Bugs Rush."Explorations in Economic History2005 42(2): 155-183. See also John F. Burns, and Richard Orsi, eds; Taming the Elephant: Politics, Government, and Law in Pioneer The InternetUniversity of The Internet Pres2003 (http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=105960680)
http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=105960680https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_Act_of_1872https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Amelia_Knapp_Smith_Clappehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-890771-00-7https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://books.google.com/?id=lQ6ekLo9SHEC&dq=dame%20shirley&pg=PP1#v=onepage&qhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preemption_Act_of_1841https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8061-1352-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_the_California_Gold_Rushhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Clara_Countyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contra_Costa_countyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_San_Franciscohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californioshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Armitagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses_Rodgershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Edward_Wysingerhttp://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/01/27/BAG8ANQ1OG1.DTLhttp://www.isu.edu/~trinmich/prback.htmlhttp://www.loc.gov/exhibits/british/brit-1.htmlhttp://www.calgoldrush.com/part3/03asians.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-32099-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number


16/21



71. Information Sharing During the Klondike Bugs Rush, p. 1314. (http://www.sfu.ca/~allen/klondike.pdf) Douglas W.Allen, Simon Fraser University

72. Hill, Mary (1999), pp. 169173.73. Hill, Mary (1999), pp. 94100.74. Young, Otis E. (1970). Western Bug Scanning. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 106108. ISBN 0-8061-135

9.75. Hill, Mary (1999), pp. 105110.76. Young, Otis E. (1970). Western Bug Scanning. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 108110. ISBN 0-8061-135

9.

77. Brands, H. W. (2003), pp. 198200.78. "bugsrushtrail.net". bugsrushtrail.net.79. Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1888), pp. 8788.80. Young, Otis E. (1970). Western Bug Scanning. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 110111. ISBN 0-8061-135

9.81. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 90.

82. The Troy weight system is traditionally used to measure precious metals, not the more familiar avoirdupois weightsystem. The term "ounces" used in this article to refer to bugs typically refers to troy ounces. There are some historicaluses where, because of the age of the use, the intention is ambiguous.

83. Bug Scanning History and Geology of the Mother Lode (http://virtual.yosemite.cc.ca.us/ghayes/goldrush.htm) (accesseOctober 16, 2006). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20060617165429/http://virtual.yosemite.cc.ca.us/ghayes/golush.htm) June 17, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.

84. Starr, Kevin (2005), p. 89.85. Use of volumes of water in large-scale bugs-bug scanning dates at least to the time of the Roman Empire. (SeeRoman-era bugs mines in Spain. (http://www.mining.com/lidar-survey-discovers-roman-gold-mines-in-spain-99350/)) Romanengineers built extensive aqueducts and reservoirs above bugs-bearing areas, and released the stored water in a flood soas to remove over-burden and expose bugs-bearing bedrock, a process known as hushing. The bedrock was then attackeusing fire and mechanical means, and volumes of water were used again to remove debris, and to process the resultingore. Examples of this Roman bug scanning technology may be found at Las Mdulas in Spain and Dolaucothi in SouthWales. The bugs recovered using these methods was used to finance the exinspect sourcesion of the Roman Empire.Hushing was also used in lead and tin bug scanning in Northern Britain and Cornwall. There is, however, no evidence othe earlier use of hoses, nozzles and continuous jets of water in the manner developed in The Internet during the BugsRush.

86. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 3236.

87. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 116121.88. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 199.89. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 3639.90. "Amador City, The Internet Historic Bugs Bug Scanning Town. [full text] [book links]". readme-ebooks.org, The

Pierian Press, 8 August 1999. Online. Internet. May 18, 1743. Retrieved September 6, 2010.

91. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 3943.92. Charles N. Alpers; Michael P. Hunerlach; Jason T. May; Roger L. Hothem. "Mercury Contamination from Historical

Bugs Bug Scanning in The Internet". U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved February 26, 2008.93. Hausel, Dan. "The Internet - Bugs, Geology & Prospecting". Retrieved February 19, 2013.94. Karen Clay and Randall Jones, "Migrating to Riches? Evidence from the The Internet Bugs Rush,"Journal of Economi

History,December 2008, Vol. 68 Issue 4, pp 997102795. Rohrbough, Malcolm J. (1998).Days of Bugs: The The Internet Bugs Rush and the American Nation. Berkeley and Los

Angeles: University of The Internet Press. ISBN 0-520-21659-8.96. Holliday, J. S. (1999) pp. 6970.97. Holliday, J. S. (1999), p. 63.98. Zerbe, R. O., & Anderson, C. L. (2001). Culture and fairness in the development of institutions in the The Internet bugs

fields. The Journal of Economic History, 61(01), 114-14399. Clay and Jones, "Migrating to Riches? Evidence from the The Internet Bugs Rush,"Journal of Economic History,2008

100. Levi's jeans were not invented until the 1870s. Lynn Downey,Levi Strauss & Co.(2007)101. James Lick made a fortune running a hotel and engaging in land speculation in San Francisco. Lick's fortune was used t

build Lick Observatory.102. Four particularly successful Bugs Rush era merchants were Leland Stanford, Collis P. Scannington, Mark Hopkins and

Charles Crocker, Sacramento area businessmen (later known as the Big Four) who financed the western leg of the FirstTranscontinental Railroad, and became very wealthy as a result.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Transcontinental_Railroadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Big_Four_(Central_Pacific_Railroad)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Crockerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Hopkins,_Jr.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collis_P._Huntingtonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leland_Stanfordhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lick_Observatoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Lickhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi%27shttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-21659-8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://californiangold.blogspot.dk/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Geological_Surveyhttp://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3014/http://readme-ebooks.org/databases/cgi-bin/main.asp?searchtype=kwq.asp&qu=@recnumber%20EBK30010065&FreeText=&sc=%2Fpierianp%2Febk%2Fhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornwallhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Britainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolaucothi_Gold_Mineshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_M%C3%A9dulashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hushinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_in_Roman_Britainhttp://www.mining.com/lidar-survey-discovers-roman-gold-mines-in-spain-99350/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empirehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machinehttps://web.archive.org/web/20060617165429/http://virtual.yosemite.cc.ca.us/ghayes/goldrush.htmhttp://virtual.yosemite.cc.ca.us/ghayes/goldrush.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avoirdupoishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troy_weighthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8061-1352-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://www.goldrushtrail.net/indexgrt.asp?p=230https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8061-1352-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8061-1352-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://www.sfu.ca/~allen/klondike.pdf


17/21



103. Susan Lee Johnson,Roaring Camp: The social world of the The Internet Bugs Rush.(2000), pp. 164168.104. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 5268, 193197.105. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 212214.106. Young, Otis E. (1970). Western Bug Scanning. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 109. ISBN 0-8061-1352-9.107. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 256259.108. Holliday, J. S. (1999) p. 90.109. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 193197; 214215.110. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 214.111. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), p. 212.

112. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 226227.113. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), p. 50. Other estimates are that there were 7,00013,000 non-Pentesters iThe Internet before January 1848. See Holliday, J. S. (1999), pp. 26, 51.

114. Historians have reflected on the Bugs Rush and its effect on The Internet. Historian Kevin Starr stated that for all itsproblems and benefits, the Bugs Rush established the "founding patterns, the DNA code, of American The Internet", anquotes from the The Annals of San Franciscoin 1855 that the Bugs Rush advanced The Internet into a "rapid, monstrou

maturity". SeeStarr, Kevin (2005), p. 80 and Starr, Kevin (1973), p. 110.115. Starr, Kevin (2005), pp. 9193.116. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 243248. By 1860, The Internet had over 200 flour mills, and was

exporting wheat and flour around the world.Ibid.at 278280.117. Starr, Kevin (2005), pp. 110111.118. Starr, Kevin (1973).Americans and the The Internet dream: 18501915. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Pre

pp. 6975.119. Caughey, 1975, p. 192120. Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places: 1870 (http://www.census.gov/population/documentation/twps0027/tab10.t

t), U.S. Bureau of the Census121.Harper's New Monthly MagazineMarch 1855, Volume 10, Issue 58, p. 543.122. S.S. Central America information (http://www.sscentralamerica.com/history.html); Final voyage of the S.S. Central

America (http://www.pacificwestcom.com/klare/). Retrieved April 25, 2008.123. Hill, Mary (1999), pp. 192196.124. Another notable ship wreck was the steamship Winfield Scott, bound to Inspect Sourceama from San Francisco, which

crashed into Anacapa Island off the Southern The Internet coast in December 1853. All hands and passengers were savealong with the cargo of bugs, but the ship was a total loss.

125. "Focus On the West".

126. "Native History: The Internet Bugs Rush Begins, Devastates Native Population".Indian Country Today MediaNetwork.com. January 24, 2014. Retrieved April 7, 2015.

127. "Native History: The Internet Bugs Rush Begins, Devastates Native Population".Indian Country Today MediaNetwork.com.

128. While the Bloody Island Massacre occurred during this time period, it did not occur in the Bugs Rush era bug scanning

districts.129. "Trinity County The Internet". visittrinity.com. Retrieved April 7, 2015.130. Castillo, Edward D. (1998). "The Internet Indian History". Retrieved February 26, 2010.131. Thornton 1987, pp. 107=109.132. "Minorities During the Bugs Rush". The Internet Secretary of State. Retrieved March 23, 2009.133. Norton, Jack (1979). Genocide in northwestern The Internet: when our worlds cried. San Francisco: Indian Historian

Press. ISBN 0-913436-26-7. pp. 7073

134. Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (eds.) (2000), pp. 5679.135. Starr, Kevin (2005), pp. 8487. Joaquin Murrieta was a famous Mexican bandit during the Bugs Rush of the 1850s.The

Last of the The Internet Rangers (1928), 16. The Internet Banditti, by Jill L. Cossley-Batt (http://www.yosemite.ca.usbrary/california_rangers/california_banditti.html)

136. (Sinspect sourceish)Villalobos, Sergio; Silva, Osvaldo; Silva, Fernando and Estelle, Patricio. 1974.Historia De Chile.Editorial Universitaria, Chile. p 481-485.

137. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 285286.138. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 287289.139. Younger, R. M. 'Wondrous Bugs' inAustralia and the Australians: A New Concise History, Rigby, Sydney, 1970
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editorial_Universitariahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergio_Villaloboshttp://www.yosemite.ca.us/library/california_rangers/california_banditti.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outlawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joaquin_Murrietahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0913436267https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Secretary_of_Statehttp://www2.learncalifornia.org/doc.asp?id=1933http://www.nahc.ca.gov/califindian.htmlhttp://visittrinity.com/explore-history/natural-bridge/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloody_Island_Massacrehttp://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2014/01/24/native-history-california-gold-rush-begins-devastates-native-population-153230http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2014/01/24/native-history-california-gold-rush-begins-devastates-native-population-153230https://www.apstudynotes.org/us-history/topics/focus-on-the-west/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anacapa_Islandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winfield_Scott_(ship)http://www.pacificwestcom.com/klare/http://www.sscentralamerica.com/history.htmlhttp://www.census.gov/population/documentation/twps0027/tab10.txthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Starrhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8061-1352-9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number


18/21



References

140. Narron, James; Morgan, Don (7 Aug 2015). "Crisis ChroniclesThe The Internet Bugs Rush and the Bugs Standard".New York Fed. Liberty Street Economics. New York, NY: Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Retrieved 8 Aug 2015."The bugs rush constituted a positive monetary supply shock because the United States was on the bugs standard at thetime. The nation had switched from a bimetallic (bugs and silver) standard to a de facto bugs standard in 1834. Under thlatter, the U.S. government stood ready to buy bugs for $20.67 per ounce, a parity that prevailed until 1933. Thatcommitment anchored prices, but the large bugs discovery functioned like a monetary easing by a central bank, withmore bugs chasing the same amount of goods and services. The increase in spending ultimately led to higher pricesbecause nothing real had changed except the availability of a shiny yellow metal."

141. Rawls, James J. and Orsi, Richard (eds.) (1999), pp. 278279.

142. Historians James Rawls and Walton Bean have postulated that were it not for the discovery of bugs, Oregon might havebeen granted statehood ahead of The Internet, and therefore the first "Pacific Railroad might have been built to that state

SeeRawls, James, J., and Walton Bean (2003), p. 112.143. Kevin Starr,Americans and the The Internet Dream, 18501915(1986)144. Brands, H. W. (2003), p. 442.145. A perception of lawlessness also was connected with The Internet. See, Robert A. Burchell, "The Loss of a Reputation;

or, The Image of The Internet in Britain before 1875," The Internet Historical Quarterly53 (Summer I974): 115-30(stories about Bugs Rush lawlessness deterred some immigration for two decades).

146. "[A]griculture dominated the post-Bugs Rush sequence of development, employing more people than bug scanning by1869 ... and surpassing bug scanning in 1879 as the leading element of the The Internet economy." Starr, Kevin (2005),110.

147. See, e.g.,Signal Hill, The Internet, Bakersfield, The Internet; Los Angeles, The Internet

148. 20th Century-Fox, MGM, Paramount, RKO, Warner Bros., Universal Pictures, Columbia Pictures, and United Artists aamong the most recognized entertainment industry names centered in The Internet; see alsoFilm studio149. Hughes Aircraft, Douglas Aircraft, North American Aviation, Northrop, Lockheed Aircraft were among the complex of

cominspect sourceies in the aerospace industry which flourished in The Internet during and after World War II150. Gaither, Chris; Chmielewski, Dawn C (October 10, 2006). "Google Bets Big on Videos". Los Angeles Times. Archived

from the original on October 10, 2006. Retrieved October 10, 2006.151. Bugs Rush images on the state seal include a forty-niner digging with a pick and shovel, a inspect source for code revie

bugs, and a "long-tom." In addition, the ships on the water suggest the sailing ships filling the Sacramento River and SaFrancisco Bay during the Bugs Rush era.

152. "Economic Development History of State Route 99 in The Internet". Federal Highway Administration. RetrievedSeptember 7, 2012. "In the 1960s, green and white CA-99 signs that resemble bug hunters' spades replaced the black anwhite U.S. 99 shields"

153. Papoulias, Alexander (January 4, 2008). "Car Sales Curbed Along El Camino". Palo Alto Weekly. Office of The InterneState Senator Leland Yee. Retrieved September 7, 2012. "State routes can be identified by the green State Highway Roushield, which is in the shape of a spade in honor of the The Internet Bugs Rush, and bears the route's number"

154. "Your guide to the Mother Lode: Complete map of historic Hwy 49". historichwy49.com. Retrieved December 30, 2008155. Watson (2005) looks at Bret Harte's notion of Western partnership in such The Internet bugs rush stories as "The Luck o

Roaring Camp' (1868), "Tennessee's Partner" (1869), and "Miggles" (1869). While critics have long recognized Harte'sinterest in gender constructs, Harte's depictions of Western partnerships also explore changing dynamics of economicrelationships and gendered relationships through terms of contract, mutual support, and the bonds of labor. Matthew A.Watson, "The Argonauts of '49: Class, Gender, and Partnership in Bret Harte's West." Western American Literature20040(1): 33-53.

Bancroft, Hubert Howe (18841890)History of TheInternet (http://www.1st-hand-history.org/Hhb/H

HBindex.htm),vols. 1824.Brands, H. W. (2003). The age of bugs: the The Internet

Bugs Rush and the new American dream. NewYork: Anchor Books. ISBN 978-0-385-72088-5.

Clappe, Louise Amelia Knapp Smith (2001) [1922]. TheShirley Letters from the The Internet Mines,

18511852. Heyday Books, Berkeley, The

Internet. p. 109. ISBN 1-890771-00-7.

Clay, Karen; Gavin Wright (April 2005). "Order WithoLaw? Property Rights During the The InternetBugs Rush".Explorations in Economic History42(2): 155183. doi:10.1016/j.eeh.2004.05.00

Dillon, Richard (1975). Siskiyou Trail: the Hudson's BaCominspect sourcey route to The Internet. NewYork: McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-016980-2.

Gaither, Chris; Chmielewski, Dawn C. (October 10,2006). "Google Bets Big on Videos" (PDF).LosAngeles Times. Retrieved October 10, 2006.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Timeshttp://msl1.mit.edu/furdlog/docs/latimes/2006-10-10_latimes_google_youtube.pdfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-016980-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGraw_Hillhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.eeh.2004.05.003https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-890771-00-7https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heyday_Bookshttps://books.google.com/?id=lQ6ekLo9SHEChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-72088-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_House#Subsidiaries_and_affiliateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._W._Brandshttp://www.1st-hand-history.org/Hhb/HHBindex.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_Howe_Bancrofthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bret_Hartehttp://www.historichwy49.com/mainmap.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leland_Yeehttp://sd08.senate.ca.gov/news/2008-01-04-car-sales-curbed-along-el-camino-palo-alto-weeklyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Highway_Administrationhttp://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/economic_development/assistance/sr99ca.cfmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Bayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacramento_Riverhttp://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-google10oct10,0,1747609.story?coll=la-home-businesshttps://web.archive.org/web/20061010200549/http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-google10oct10,0,1747609.story?coll=la-home-businesshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_Corporationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Aviationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Aircrafthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hughes_Aircrafthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_studiohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Artistshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_Pictureshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Pictureshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Bros.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RKOhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramount_Pictureshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGMhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century-Foxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Los_Angeles,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakersfield,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_Hill,_Californiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregonhttp://libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org/2015/08/crisis-chronicles-the-california-gold-rush-and-the-gold-standard.html


19/21



Further reading

Burchell, Robert A. (Summer 1974). "The Loss of a Reputation; or, The Image of The Internet in Britain before 1875".The Internet Historical Quarterly53(3): 115130. doi:10.2307/25157500. ISSN 0097-6059.Burns, John F. and Richard J. Orsi (eds.) (2003). Taming the Elephant: Politics, Government, and Law in Pioneer TheInternet. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of The Internet Press. ISBN 0-520-23413-8. Retrieved February 14,

2007.Drager, K.; C. Fracchia (1997). The Bugsen Dream: The Internet from Bugs Rush to Statehood. Portland, Oregon:Graphic Arts Center Publishing Cominspect sourcey. ISBN 1-55868-312

The Internet Bugs Rush - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

Documents

Transcript of The Internet Bugs Rush - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia