THE INDONESIAN EXPERIENCES IN DEVELOPING POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES By Djoharis Lubis Deputy...
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Transcript of THE INDONESIAN EXPERIENCES IN DEVELOPING POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES By Djoharis Lubis Deputy...
THE INDONESIAN EXPERIENCES THE INDONESIAN EXPERIENCES
IN DEVELOPING IN DEVELOPING
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIESPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
By
Djoharis Lubis
Deputy Coordinating Minister of People’s Welfare
Republic of Indonesia
Jakarta
Los Angeles
New York
London
Bali Ankara
REDUCING THEINSIDENCE OF
POVERTY
INCREASING INCOME :
• Employment Opportunities• Business Opportunities
PEOPLEWELFARE
REDUCING EXPENDITURES :
• Education• Health• Infrastructure
CONSTITUTION PREAMBULE
Social welfare can be improved by reducing poverty
Poverty can be reduced through economic growth
Economic growth depends on political and social stability
Political and social stability depends on economic growth
SOCIAL WELFARE &ECONOMIC GROWTH
SECURITYPOLITICS
POPULATION UNDER POVERTY LINEPOPULATION UNDER POVERTY LINE
< 5 % (Jakarta) 5 - 9 % (Bali, South Kalimantan, Banten)
10 - 14 % (West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, Bangka Belitung, West Java, East Kalimantan Central Kalimantan, North Sumatra, North Maluku)
15 - 19 % (North Sumatra, West Kalimantan, South Sulawesi) 20 - 24 % (South Sumatra, Bengkulu, Lampung, Central Java, Yogyakarta, West Java, Central Sulawesi, North Sulawesi) 25 - 29 % (Aceh, NTB)
30 - 34 % (NTT, Gorontalo, Maluku) > 35 % (Papua)
Population under poverty line :
Sources : CBS
41,8%
Figure: Proportion of The Indonesia Population Below Poverty Line (PO)
15.0813.67
17.55
23.43
18.2
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002
Resources : Central Statistical Bureau
National Summary data for monitoring MDG : Indonesia 1990 - 2002
Figure: Indonesia Poverty Gap Ratio
17.77
28.16
9.97
18.4816.54
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1990 1993 1996 1999 2002
Resources : Central Statistical Bureau
National Summary data for monitoring MDG : Indonesia 1990 - 2002
The Past Poverty Reduction Approach The Past Poverty Reduction Approach
Trickle Down Effect Centralistic Uniformity Less Consideration on Socio-Cultural
Diversities Top-down Approach
The New Paradigm of Poverty ReductionThe New Paradigm of Poverty Reduction
The Definition of Poverty Needs to be Broadened Beyond The Traditional Expenditure
The Poor are The Main Actors in The Fight Against Poverty The Role of The Government, Donors, NGO’s Society
Should Facilitate The Poor to Overcome Their Problems But Not Attempt to Solve The Poverty Problem For Them
Centralistic to Decentralization Trickle down effect Approach to be Regional Approach Government as facilitator and mediator Government more rowing rather than steering
Indonesia has committed to place Poverty
Eradication as a priority
TWO GRAND STRATEGIES
1. Increasing income of the poor.
2. Reducing expense of the poor.
FOUR STRATEGIC PILLARS
1. Promoting and creating opportunities.
2. Community empowerment.3. Capacity building & human
resources development. 4. Social protection.
FORMULATION FRAME WORK FORLONG TERM POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
GOALREDUCTION OF>50% NUMBER
OF POOR PEOPLE, 2015
INCREASINGINCOME
REDUCINGEXPENSES
CREATINGOPPORTUNITY
COMMUNITYEMPOWERMENT
CAPACITYBUILDING
SOCIALPROTECTION
MAPPING OF
POVERTY PROBLEMS
POLICYREVIEW
POLICYFORMULATION
MONITORINGAND EVALUATION
Committee forPoverty Alleviation(National Director)
Task Force I Creating Opportunity
Review Policies Joint Program for
Poverty Analysis Indicator and Targets Monitoring System &
Evaluation
Task Force II Community Empowerment
Review Policies Joint Program for
Poverty Analysis Indicator & Targets Monitoring System &
Evaluation
Task Force III Capacity Building
Review Policies Joint Program for
Poverty Analysis Indicator and Targets Monitoring System &
Evaluation
Task Force IV Social Protection
Review Policies Joint Program for
Poverty Analysis Indicator and Targets Monitoring System &
Evaluation
Joint Programfor Poverty
Analysis
Indicatorand
Targets
MonitoringSystem andEvaluation
PRSPReview Poverty
Problems inSampling Areas
Coordinating Team for theFormulation of Poverty
Reduction Strategy Paper(PRSP)
Secretariat
Assistants to Formulate theStrategy for Regional PovertyReduction for 30 Provinces/
391 regencies/cities Guidance Technical Assistance
MECHANISM IN FORMULATING PRSP
NATIONAL
REGIONAL
STEPS OF STRATEGY FORMULATIONSTEPS OF STRATEGY FORMULATION
INPUT/ACTIVITYINPUT/ACTIVITY PROCESSPROCESS OUTPUTOUTPUT
Participatory Poverty
Assessment
Policy and Program Review
Other SupportingActivity/Priority
Developing Data Base
Mapping of Poverty Conditions and Characteristics
Inventing Models of Poverty Reduction
Formulating Alternative Action Formulating Performance Indicator
Identifying related Poverty Reduction Policy and Program
Criteria/Guideline of Policy/Program Review
Evaluating Poverty ReductionPolicy/Program
Policy Research
Condition, Problem and Model Of Poverty
Reduction
Poverty Reduction Strategy
Poverty Reduction Policy and Program
P R S PP R S P DOCUMENTDOCUMENT
Region Facilitation
Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (I-PRSP)
The most significant challenges have encountered in preparing PRSs Population about 210 million Multi ethnics and diversity The prolonged of the Multi dimension
impact of crisis • The tendency of heating political
situation interring the period of General Election.
• Euphoria of reformation• Ethnocentrism /Local centrism
The role of local government Local Policy and regulation Direct role on combating poverty
and delivery services to the poor. Facilitating and supporting wider
participation in the combating poverty effort
Implementing common principles in dealing poverty eradication.
POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS
1. Provision of basic needs for the poor to help them with food, basic services in health, education and shelters.
2. Development entrepreneurship and skills of the poor.
3. Development of Social Security System.4. Partnership.
1. Provision and sustainable stocking of basic needs;
2. Control of the prices of basic items;3. Provision of basic services, especially in
health and education;4. Expansion of distribution networks for
basic needs, and5. Improvement of residential
environments including supply of save water.
The first program includes activities for :
1. Development of business education and training;2. Advocacy through guidance and consultations;3. Development of business collaboration networks
supported by local community organizations, local government, private sector and universities;
4. Opening of accesses to resources;5. Provision on infrastructure and facilities for
business of the poor, and6. Establishment of new transmigration location for
farmers and agricultural laborers (non-land farmers).
The second program includes activities on :
• Development of effective Social Security System suitable with local customs;
• Consolidation of the existing social security system, and
• Strengthening of regional government capacity and population in social security management.
The third program includes activities on :
REGIONAL COOPERATION
• Exchange of information and experiences.
• Joint efforts on : - research - anti-poverty campaign
• Study visits• Establishment of Regional Financial
Institute for Poverty Eradication.
Thank You
Terima Kasih
DhanyabaadSjukriaSjukria
Salamat Salamat PoPo
Thank You
Xie XieXie Xie
Cam OnCam On NamasteNamaste
MazvitaMazvita
Innge Innge abouggaabougga
DhanyawadDhanyawad
Introduction
Indonesia: A Country of Many Splendoured Thing Many islands. The largest archipelago on
earth;
Socio-Cultural Structure
Many religions: Islam, Christian (Catholics & Protestants), Hinduism, Buddhism. Constitutional guarantee;
Many differences and similarities “Unity in Diversity”;
Many changes, big and small. Impact of National Development, Global Interchange of ‘Culture’ in may aspects of life.
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelago, comprising more than 17,000 islands with a total coastline of 81,000 km. It extends across a land mass of 741,101m square miles, has territorial water of 3.17 million sq.km.;
Indonesia’s population 215 million people makes it the Worlds Fourth most populous after China, India, USA. Its growth rate is less than 2%;
People living in poverty: July 1997 76,4 million, December 1998 : 49.5 million August 1999 37,5 million, February 2000 : 33,2 million.
- TO SYNCHRONIZE MACRO AND MICRO POLICY STRATEGY- TO SYNCHRONIZE MACRO AND MICRO OPERATIONAL PILICY
CREATING
OPPORTUNITY
COMMUNITY
EMPOWERMENT
CAPACITY
BUILDING
SOCIAL
PROTECTION
INCREASING INCOME EXPENCE REDUCTION
Mean streaming Poverty Reduction as an effort to place a right perspectiveAnd inter-policies consistency, Inter progames, budgeting, targeting and
delivery system
TO IMPROVE PEOPLE’S WELFARE
POVERTY REDUCTION
BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR POVERTY ERADICATION 2002
• Sectoral institution : Rp. 16 trilliun.• Oil subsidy compensation : Rp. 2.85 trilliun.• Logistic Agency : Rp. 4.7 trilliun.• Dept. of Kimpraswil : Rp. 3.1 trilliun.• Family Planning : Rp. 1.4 trilliun. • Dept. of Health : Rp. 1.2 trilliun.• Dept. of Home Affairs : Rp. 1.1 trilliun.• Dept. of Social Affairs : Rp. 1.1 trilliun.
Social welfare can be improved by reducing poverty
Poverty can be reduced through economic growth
Economic growth depends on political and social stability
Political and social stability depends on economic growth
SOCIAL WELFARE &ECONOMIC GROWTH
SECURITYPOLITICS
Jakarta
Los Angeles
New York
London
Bali Ankara
Thank You
Terima Kasih
DhanyabaadSjukriaSjukria
Salamat Salamat PoPo
ORKUN
Thank You
Xie XieXie Xie
Cam OnCam On NamasteNamaste
MazvitaMazvita
Innge Innge abouggaabougga
DhanyawadDhanyawad