The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence
description
Transcript of The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence
![Page 1: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Indian SubcontinentFrom Colony to Independence
![Page 2: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Rise of Nationalism• Indian National Congress—
1885– Hindu dominated
• Muslim League—1906– Wanted separate seats in
legislature
![Page 3: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Effects of Imperialism
Positive• Sanitation• Health care• Infrastructure—
railroads, telephone, telegraph, dams, bridges
• End of local warfare
Negative• Political and economic
power in British hands• Restrictions on Indian
owned industries• Loss of self-
sufficiency• Cash crops=decrease
in food production=famine
• Second class status• Threats to traditional
Indian way of life
![Page 4: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Gandhi
• Civil disobedience
• 1930—Salt March– Demonstrators arrested
• 1935—Government of India Act – Not complete independence
• 1942—Quit India Resolution
• Post WWII Britain weighs cost of maintaining colony
![Page 5: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Independence dividesIndia and Pakistan-1947
• Muslims resist rule by Hindus
• Partition of India—10 million refugees result in 1 million dead
![Page 6: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Kashmir
•UN ceasefire
•Water resources vital to Pakistan
![Page 9: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Jawarlal NehruJawarlal Nehru
Follower of Gandhi. 1st Prime Minister
of India, 1947-1964.
Advocated Industrialization.
Neutrality during Cold War=Nonaligned Movement
![Page 10: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Non-Alignment MovementNon-Alignment Movement
![Page 11: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The “mix” refers to private and public ownership.
Foreign aid and foreign investment are crucial.
Urban areas have high-tech companies.
Three quarters of the population are farmers living in small villages.
India's "Green Revolution" allowed farmers to triple their crop by using modern science and technology.
India’s “mixed economy”India’s “mixed economy”
![Page 12: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
India’s “Green Revolution”India’s “Green Revolution”
Introducing higher-yielding varieties of seeds in 1965.
Increased use of fertilizers & irrigation.
GOAL make India self-sufficient in food grains.
![Page 13: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Nehru’s daughter. Prime Minister of
India, 1966-1984. Continues Nehru’s
policies. Faced corruption
charges & internal rebellion.
Assassinated in 1984.
Indira GandhiIndira Gandhi
![Page 14: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
India’s persecution of the SikhsIndia’s persecution of the Sikhs
![Page 15: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Overpopulation 1 billion & climbing. Economic development. Hindu-Muslim tensions. Gender issues dowry killings. Caste bias discrimination against untouchables continues.
The Kashmir dispute and nuclear weapons.
Political assassinations.
Major problems & Issues in India today
Major problems & Issues in India today
![Page 16: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Is the dream gone?Is the dream gone?
![Page 17: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Strong Islamic fundamentalism. Impoverished.
Pakistan divided in 1972 W. Pakistan = Pakistan E. Pakistan = Bangladesh
PakistanPakistan
![Page 18: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
First Woman Prime Minister, 1988 Twice elected and
twice removed in 1990 and 1993 on corruption charges.
Self-imposed exile Returned during
elections in 2007 Killed December
2007
Benazir BhuttoBenazir Bhutto
![Page 19: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Coup d’etat. U.S. ally in the “War on Terror.” Resigned August 2008
General MusharaffGeneral Musharaff
![Page 20: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Asif Ali Zardari
• Widower of Benazir Bhutto
• Elected as President-September 2008
![Page 21: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Economic development. Political instability/military dictatorship.
Hindu-Muslim tensions. Gender issues honor killings. Terrorism. The Kashmir dispute and nuclear weapons.
Major problems & Issues in Pakistan today
Major problems & Issues in Pakistan today
![Page 22: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The India-Pakistan Arms Race Heats Up in the Late 1990s
The India-Pakistan Arms Race Heats Up in the Late 1990s
![Page 24: The Indian Subcontinent From Colony to Independence](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/56815186550346895dbfbf23/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Partners in the “War on Terror?”Terror?”
Partners in the “War on Terror?”Terror?”