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THE REVOLT OF 1857

PRESENTED BY:Om SawkareClass VShishya BEML Public School

The Rebellion & HeroesThe Indian Rebellion of 1857 refers to a rebellion in India against the rule of the British East India Company, that ran from May 1857 to June 1858. The rebellion began as a mutiny of sepoys of the East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the cantonment of the town of Meerut, and soon escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh, and the Delhi region. The rebellion posed a considerable threat to East India Company power in that region, and was contained only with the fall of Gwalior on 20 June 1858. The rebellion is also known as India's First War of Independence, the Great Rebellion, the Indian Rebellion, the Indian Mutiny, the Revolt of 1857, the Rebellion of 1857, the Uprising of 1857, the Sepoy Rebellion, the Indian Insurrection and the Sepoy Mutiny.

Other regions of Company-controlled India, such as Bengal, the Bombay Presidency, and the Madras Presidency, remained largely calm. In Punjab, the Sikh princes backed the Company by providing soldiers and support. The large princely states of Hyderabad, Mysore, Travancore, and Kashmir, as well as the smaller ones of Rajputana, did not join the rebellion. In some regions, such as Oudh, the rebellion took on the attributes of a patriotic revolt against European presence. Maratha leaders, such as Lakshmibai, the Rani of Jhansi, became folk heroes in the nationalist movement in India half a century later.

The rebellion led to the dissolution of the East India Company in 1858. It also led the British to reorganise the army, the financial system and the administration in India. The country was thereafter directly governed by the crown as the new British Raj.

Mangal Pandey19 July 1827 - 8 April 1857

Mangal Pandey was the first soldier to protest. Soon, other soldier revolted. The revolt started in Meerut on 10th May 1857 and spread o Delhi, Kanpur, Lucknow, Jhansi etc.

It started with the introduction of the Enfield rifle in the army. It was rumoured that the cartridges used in the rifles has casing coated with fat of cows and pigs which had to be bitten off. The hurt the religious sentiments of Hindus and Muslims.

The Indian soldiers refused to use these bullets and revolted against the British. This revolt of 1857 is also known as First War of Independence.

Nana Sahib, born as Dhondu Pant, was an Indian, Maratha aristocrat, who led the Kanpur rebellion during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. As the adopted son of the exiled Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao II, he was entitled to a pension from the English East India Company. The Company's refusal to continue the pension after his father's death, as well as what he perceived as high-handed policies, compelled him to revolt and seek freedom from company rule in India. He forced the British garrison in Kanpur to surrender, and gained control of Kanpur for a few days. He later disappeared, after his forces were defeated by a British force that recaptured Kanpur.Nana Saheb19 May 1824 disappeared 1857

Tantiya Tope(1814 18 April 1859)

Indian leader in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and one of its notable generals. He is better known by his nickname Tatya Tope.Born in a Yeola of Nashik District (Maharashtra), he was the only son of Pandurang Rao Tope and his wife Rukhmabai. In 1851, when James Andrew Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess of Dalhousie deprived Nana Sahib of his father's pension, Tatya Tope also became a sworn enemy of the British. However, he was defeated by General Napier's British Indian troops at Ranod and after a further defeat at Sikar abandoned the campaign.[2] He was executed by the British Government at Shivpuri on 18 April 1859.

Rani Lakshmibai was the queen of the Maratha-ruled Jhansi State, situated in the north-central part of India. She was one of the leading figures of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and became for Indian nationalists a symbol of resistance to the British Raj.

In the almost 150 years since she belatedly committed herself to the revolt known as the Indian Mutiny, Lakshmi Bai, the Rani of Jhansi, has been the only leader to be described in positive terms by her adversaries. Bristish praised her as warrior queen.Rani of Jhansi19 Nov 1828 18 June 1858

The wife of Wajid Ali Shah and the Queen of Awadh. Though charming and affable in nature, was a strong leader and a great strategist. She bravely led her army in one of the central places of the revolt, Lucknow. Even after being a gallant women she is lost in the pages of history.

Begum Hazrat Mahal1820 - 1879

As the Indian rebellion of 1857 spread most rebelling Indian kings and the Indian regiments accepted Bahadur Shah Zafar as the Emperor of India under whom the smaller Indian kingdoms would unite until the British were defeated. When the victory of the British became certain, Zafar took refuge at Humayuns Tomb and hid there. British forces surrounded the tomb and compelled his surrender. The next day British shot his sons and grandson at the Khooni Darwaza (the bloody gate) near Delhi Gate. After a show trial, Zafar himself was exiled to Rangoon, Burma in 1858 along with his wife Zeenat Mahal and some of the remaining members of the family. His departure as Emperor marked the end of more than three centuries of Mughal rule in India.Bahadur Shah Zafar1775 - 1862

Maulvi Liaquat Ali was a Muslim religious leader from Allahabad, in the state of Uttar Pradesh in present day India. He was one of the leaders in the revolt against the British in 1857He was a humble and simple man but when he took the reins of the freedom struggle, he became a dreadful enemy of the British.The Zamindars of Chail were his relatives and followers, and they supported Maulvi with their men and ammunition. Consequently, it was with great difficulty that the British regained control of the city of Allahabad after the Maulvi had captured the Khusro Bagh and declared the independence of India.Maulvi Liaquat Ali

Veer Kunwar Singh led the Indian Rebellion of 1857 in Bihar. He was nearly eighty and in failing health when he was called upon to take up arms. He gave a good fight and harried British forces for nearly a year and remained invincible until the end. He was an expert in the art of guerilla warfare. He was the first Indian warrior after Shivaji to prove the efficacy of the warfare. His tactics left British puzzledKunwar Singh1777 1858

Bakht Khan was commander-in-chief of Indian rebel forces in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 against the East India Company.He was born in Bijnor in Rohilkhand and later became a subedar in the army of the East India Company, gaining forty years of experience in the Bengal horse artillery. He also was a part of rebellion of 1857.Bakht Khan himself fled Delhi and joined rebel forces in Lucknow and Shahjahanpur. In 13 May 1859 he was mortally wounded and died. Bakht Khan17971859

Khan Bahadur Khan Rohilla was the grandson of Hafiz Rahmat Khan. He formed his own government in Bareilly in 1857 Indian revolt against British. When the Indian Rebellion of 1857 failed Bareilly, too, was subjugated. He escaped to Nepal where the Nepalese captured him and turned him over to the British. Khan Bahadur Khan was sentenced to death and hanged in the Kotwali on February 24, 1860Khan Bahadur Khan Rohilla- 1860

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