The Inbound Syndrome (Expatriate Bonding)
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The Inbound Syndrome The Inbound Syndrome (Expatriate Bonding) (Expatriate Bonding) Presentation at the 2007 YEO Presentation at the 2007 YEO Pre-Convention Meeting Pre-Convention Meeting Moderator: Bob White, D. 6990 Moderator: Bob White, D. 6990 Panelists: Maria Panelists: Maria Leticia Ferreira, D. 4770 Leticia Ferreira, D. 4770 Dennis White, D. 6220 Dennis White, D. 6220 Inbounds Hugo (Brazil) and Inbounds Hugo (Brazil) and (Germany) (Germany) For more information, visit For more information, visit
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The Inbound Syndrome (Expatriate Bonding) Presentation at the 2007 YEO Pre-Convention Meeting. Moderator: Bob White, D. 6990 Panelists: Maria Leticia Ferreira, D. 4770 Dennis White, D. 6220 Inbounds Hugo (Brazil) and (Germany) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of The Inbound Syndrome (Expatriate Bonding)
The Inbound The Inbound SyndromeSyndrome
(Expatriate Bonding)(Expatriate Bonding)
Presentation at the 2007 YEO Presentation at the 2007 YEO Pre-Convention MeetingPre-Convention MeetingModerator: Bob White, D. 6990Moderator: Bob White, D. 6990
Panelists: Maria Leticia Ferreira, D. 4770 Panelists: Maria Leticia Ferreira, D. 4770 Dennis White, D. 6220 Dennis White, D. 6220
Inbounds Hugo (Brazil) and (Germany)Inbounds Hugo (Brazil) and (Germany) For more information, visit For more information, visit www.yeoresources.org
Or contact Dennis White at [email protected] contact Dennis White at [email protected]
The Inbound SyndromeThe Inbound Syndrome
An almost universal tendency for An almost universal tendency for Inbound students, and expatriates of Inbound students, and expatriates of any kind, to gather together and any kind, to gather together and become very close when living in a become very close when living in a foreign country. foreign country. Often this can be to Often this can be to the detriment of their ability to the detriment of their ability to immerse effectively into the host immerse effectively into the host culture.culture.
Enculturation:Enculturation: The adoption of the behavior patterns The adoption of the behavior patterns
of the surrounding culture. of the surrounding culture.
Enculturation, in turn, requires an Enculturation, in turn, requires an understanding of the following understanding of the following concepts: concepts: 1. Culture Shock 1. Culture Shock
2. The Stages of Culture Shock2. The Stages of Culture Shock
3. The Process of Developing 3. The Process of Developing Intercultural Sensitivity Intercultural Sensitivity
4. Ethnocentrism 4. Ethnocentrism
5. Ethnorelativism.5. Ethnorelativism.
Culture ShockCulture Shock
The profound sense of The profound sense of disorientation disorientation and and discomfortdiscomfort that that comes with extended travel or comes with extended travel or living in a foreign culture living in a foreign culture markedly different from one’s markedly different from one’s own. own.
Stages of Culture Stages of Culture Shock:Shock:
• Initial enthusiasm and euphoriaInitial enthusiasm and euphoria• Irritability and negativismIrritability and negativism• Gradual adjustment and Gradual adjustment and
adaptationadaptation• Integration and bi-culturalism Integration and bi-culturalism
Stages of Culture Stages of Culture Shock:Shock:
• Initial enthusiasm and euphoriaInitial enthusiasm and euphoria• Irritability and negativismIrritability and negativism• Gradual adjustment and Gradual adjustment and
adaptationadaptation• Integration and bi-culturalism Integration and bi-culturalism
Culture Shock CycleCulture Shock Cycle
Pre-DeparturePre-Departure MonthsMonths
Normal Normal Level of Level of FeelingsFeelings
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Return …...1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Return …...
Rotary Youth ExchangeRotary Youth Exchange
Adapted from a model by Robert KohlsAdapted from a model by Robert Kohls
DevelopingDeveloping Intercultural Intercultural SensitivitySensitivity
The Experience of DifferenceThe Experience of Difference
Denial Defense MinimizationDenial Defense Minimization
Ethnocentric StagesEthnocentric Stages Ethnorelative Ethnorelative StagesStages
Acceptance Acceptance AdaptationAdaptation IntegrationIntegration
Model developed by Dr.. Milton Bennett, Portland State Model developed by Dr.. Milton Bennett, Portland State UniversityUniversity
Developing cultural Developing cultural sensitivity and sensitivity and
competence requires competence requires moving frommoving from
Ethnocentrism Ethnocentrism to to EthnorelativismEthnorelativism
Ethnocentrism:Ethnocentrism:
The universal The universal tendency for any tendency for any culture to see its culture to see its own values and own values and practices as natural practices as natural and correct. and correct.
Ethnorelativism:Ethnorelativism:
The acquired ability The acquired ability to see many values to see many values and behaviors as and behaviors as
cultural rather than cultural rather than universal.universal.
““Culture shock pushes me out of Culture shock pushes me out of my comfort zone”my comfort zone”
Under pressure, we tend to fall back Under pressure, we tend to fall back on what is comfortable, habitual, and on what is comfortable, habitual, and unconscious.unconscious.
Even when we know how to follow a Even when we know how to follow a cultural practice, and can do it, the cultural practice, and can do it, the tendency is to fall back.tendency is to fall back.
Instant Electronic Instant Electronic CommunicationsCommunications
► Once upon a time, communication wasOnce upon a time, communication was by postal letter… by postal letter… ► It would take 14 to 20 days for a round It would take 14 to 20 days for a round trip message. trip message. ► Problems had to be solved where theProblems had to be solved where the student was.student was.► It may have been uncomfortable, but It may have been uncomfortable, but
itit required the student to adapt.required the student to adapt.
Instant Electronic Instant Electronic CommunicationsCommunications
► Instant communication allows the Instant communication allows the
student to fall back on friends and student to fall back on friends and family family to solve the problem, or avoid to solve the problem, or avoid the the problem. problem.
► They never work through “hitting They never work through “hitting the the wall”.wall”.
► Emotionally, they never leave Emotionally, they never leave home.home.
Expatriate BondingExpatriate Bonding(The Inbound Syndrome)(The Inbound Syndrome)
►An almost universal tendency for An almost universal tendency for Inbound students, and expatriates of Inbound students, and expatriates of any kind, to gather together and any kind, to gather together and become very close when living in a become very close when living in a foreign country. foreign country.
►Early and frequent contact among Early and frequent contact among Inbounds can actually work against Inbounds can actually work against fitting in to the host culture fitting in to the host culture
Expatriate BondingExpatriate Bonding(The Inbound Syndrome)(The Inbound Syndrome)
► In a foreign country, the quickest way to feel In a foreign country, the quickest way to feel more comfortable is to seek out someone more comfortable is to seek out someone else like you. else like you.
► What they have most in common, that no What they have most in common, that no one else from the host culture has, is that one else from the host culture has, is that they are foreigners.they are foreigners.
► Spending too much time with other Spending too much time with other Inbounds may feel more comfortable, but is Inbounds may feel more comfortable, but is also counter-productive to becoming also counter-productive to becoming enculturated. enculturated.
Poor Language AcquisitionPoor Language Acquisition
► After students “hit the wall” and enter the After students “hit the wall” and enter the stage if irritability, the main way out is stage if irritability, the main way out is language acquisition. language acquisition.
► The longest, most difficult but most The longest, most difficult but most satisfying “gain” is the “gradual adaptation” satisfying “gain” is the “gradual adaptation” stage, when the students become stage, when the students become linguistically competent (not necessarily linguistically competent (not necessarily fluent)fluent)
Culture Shock CycleCulture Shock Cycle
Pre-DeparturePre-Departure MonthsMonths
Normal Normal Level of Level of FeelingsFeelings
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Return …...1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Return …...
Rotary Youth ExchangeRotary Youth Exchange
Adapted from a model by Robert KohlsAdapted from a model by Robert Kohls
How to manage How to manage the Inbound Syndrome the Inbound Syndrome
► It is almost inevitable – so learn to live It is almost inevitable – so learn to live with with it. Manage it, don’t fight itit. Manage it, don’t fight it
► Be aware of it and our tendency Be aware of it and our tendency (as YEOs) to get (as YEOs) to get caught up in it (the Model UN) caught up in it (the Model UN)
► Inform students, challenge students, Inform students, challenge students, support studentssupport students
► The goal is not to eliminate Inbound The goal is not to eliminate Inbound contact – it is to minimize the negative contact – it is to minimize the negative effects of the IBS effects of the IBS
Information at Information at www.yeoresources.org. www.yeoresources.org.
►Culture Shock.doc Culture Shock.doc ►The Inbound Syndrome revised.doc The Inbound Syndrome revised.doc ►The Middle Wave of Culture Shock.doc The Middle Wave of Culture Shock.doc ►seven lessons we can learn.doc seven lessons we can learn.doc ►Culture Shock and Reverse Culture Culture Shock and Reverse Culture
Shock Presentation.ppt Shock Presentation.ppt ►Developing Intercultural Sensitivity.ppt Developing Intercultural Sensitivity.ppt
Dennis White, Ph.D.Dennis White, Ph.D.207 S. 4th Ave.207 S. 4th Ave.Sturgeon Bay, WI. 54235Sturgeon Bay, WI. 54235Telephone 920-746-1346Telephone 920-746-1346Fax 920-746-1347Fax 920-746-1347Email [email protected] [email protected]
For more information, visit For more information, visit www.yeoresources.org.
