The Impact of Open Educational Resources and Technology ...faubai.org.br/conf/2014/downloads/The...

Confidential and Proprietary. Copyright © 2011 Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved.Confidential and Proprietary. Copyright © 2011 Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved.

The Impact of Open Educational Resources and Technology Enabled

Learning on the Future of Global Higher Education

David G. Payne, PhDVice President and Chief Operating Officer

Global Education


What we will discuss today

• Overview of Educational Testing Service• Description of the significant changes

underway in global higher education– Conceptual frameworks that explain these

changes– Higher education ecosystem– Selected factors driving these innovations

• Discussion/Questions and Answers

2

ETS — Expanding Educational Opportunities Worldwide

Copyright © 2014 by Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved.

ETS’s Guiding Principle: Supporting Opportunities for All Learners

In 1947, our founders Harvard President James ─Conant and ETS’s first leader, Henry Chauncey ─envisioned an organization devoted to educational research and assessment, making fundamental contributions to the progress of education in the United States.

They believed a single organization devoted to research and testing could significantly advance education in the United States by expanding educational opportunity to include all learners, not just those with the resources and connections to pursue higher education.

4 Our History | www.ets.org


Our products and services include:

GRE® tests

The Praxis Series™

assessments

TOEFL® tests

TOEIC® tests

K−12 assessments

HiSET ™ test

The American Council on Education, theCarnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and the College Entrance Examination Board contributed testing programs, assets and employees to form Educational Testing Service (ETS).

Today, our nonprofit organization develops, administers and scores more than 50 million tests annually in more than 180 countries at over 9,000 locations worldwide.

The World’s Largest Private Educational Assessment and Research Organization



Our Mission: Advancing Quality and Equity in Education Worldwide

We accomplish our mission by:

Producing fair, valid and reliable assessments

Measuring knowledge and skills

Promoting learning and educational performance

Supporting education and professional development

Conducting world-class educational research and providing related services



We have five broad areas of expertise: Research Assessment development Test administration Test scoring Instructional products and services

Fair, Accurate and Meaningful Products and Services ─from Research to Delivery

7 Our Expertise | www.ets.org


Our world-class team includes:

More than 3,000 employees worldwide

665 with advanced degrees; 310 with doctorates

Experts in research, test development, psychometrics, statistical analysis, linguistics and global assessment

Education policy specialists

Advancing the Field of Measurement Through Experience, Expertise and Excellence

8 Our Expertise | www.ets.org


K–12 Education

Teaching and Learning

Higher Education

Language Learning

Workforce Readiness

ETS Serves Teachers, Employers, Policymakers and Learners at All Levels

9 Our Capabilities | www.ets.org

Academic English Workplace EnglishOther Languages


AN EVOLVING GLOBAL HIGHER EDUCATION LANDSCAPE

10


Factors Affecting Global Higher Education

11


MOUNTING PRESSURE ON HEIs

05/08/14

12


Traditional Roles within Higher Education

• Research: The creation of new knowledge– Shared Globally– Benefits from Digital Technology and Common Language(s)

• Teaching: The dissemination of knowledge– Traditionally a Local Phenomenon, but is becoming distributed– Benefits from Digital Technology and Common Language(s)

• Service: The application of knowledge– Traditionally a Local Phenomenon

13


“Learning Opportunities”• Undergraduate Teaching and

Learning• Dissemination of Knowledge• Global and Local• Exposure to learning

opportunities

14

Divergent Trends in Global Ed“Global Universities”• Research and Graduate

Education• Knowledge Creation• Global Presence• Interactions among Faculty

and Students


Brazil and Latin America, key areas in global education


Traditional Roles within Higher Education

• Research: The creation of new knowledge– Shared Globally– Benefits from Digital Technology and Common Language(s)

• Teaching: The dissemination of knowledge– Traditionally a Local Phenomenon, but is becoming distributed– Benefits from Digital Technology and Common Language(s)

• Service: The application of knowledge– Traditionally a Local Phenomenon

16

Actually, a Focus on LEARNING


Thomas Friedman: The World Is Flat

• Internet and inexpensive telecommunications and workflow software allowed digital work to be distributed around the globe.

• New business models (e.g., outsourcing, off-shoring) were developed based on this infrastructure.

• Wireless, Voice over Internet, and file sharing became the “steroids” for growth.


Education in the Digital Age

• Education is a 7 trillion dollar industry– That is 570 times the size of the online advertising market– That is equal to 7 times the global mobile industry– It is more than the GDP of Italy, France, and the UK combined

• Google, Amazon, Facebook, Twitter, Apple, and Netflix– Easy access to information for students and teachers

• Students– 30% of students in the US fail out of high school– 33% of students in the US higher education system require remediation– 46% of US college students do not graduate– 1 student drops out of high school every 26 seconds

• Technology enables – customized education solutions for more students– Mass distribution of content

• Online learning enrollment– Growing 14 times faster than regular higher education enrollment– It is expected that about 98% of learning will be in a blended learning model by

2020

Source: http://www.edudemic.com/whoa-education-is-a-7-trillion-dollar-industry/ Retrieved 4/11/1418


Disruptive Innovations

Christensen, Clayton M. (1997). The innovator's dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail. Harvard Business Press.

"Generally, disruptive innovations were technologically straightforward, consisting of off-the-shelf components put together in a product architecture that was often simpler than prior approaches. They offered less of what customers in established markets wanted and so could rarely be initially employed there. They offered a different package of attributes valued only in emerging markets remote from, and unimportant to, the mainstream."


Disrupting College: How Disruptive Innovation Can Deliver Quality and Affordability to Postsecondary Education

Clayton M. Christensen, Michael B. Horn, Louis Caldera, Louis Soares, February 2011, Center for American Progress.


Unlocking the Gates: How and Why Leading Universities are Opening Up Access to Their Courses. (Taylor Walsh , Princeton University Press, 2011)


• Unlocking the Gates is a splendid introduction to a fascinating and fast-changing world. Unless I am badly mistaken, over time all sectors of higher education will be affected in one way or another by what are truly transformational changes in the way knowledge is created and disseminated. Now that increasing numbers of universities, including some of the most prestigious, are using technology to let the world into their precincts, it will never be possible to lock the gates.”– William G. Bowen, President Emeritus, Princeton

University


An Avalanche is Coming. Higher Education and the Revolution Ahead

Sir Michael Barber, Katelyn Donnelly and Saad Rizvi. March 2013, Institute for Public Policy Research.


Impacts on Higher Education

• Richard Lyons, Dean of University of California, Berkeley’s Haas School of Business*– “Half of the business schools in this country

could be out of business in 10 years—or five.”

* Source: http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-03-14/online-programs-could-erase-half-of-u-dot-s-dot-business-schools-by-2020 Retrieved April 7, 2014.

24


Illustrative Online Resources

26


MOOC

27


Open New Technologies Are Reshaping Higher Education

28

Confidential and Proprietary. Copyright © 2011 Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved.Confidential and Proprietary. Copyright © 2010 Educational Testing Service. All rights reserved. 05/08/1429

REA-Brasil (OER-Brazil) has been working since 2008 and there is ongoing commitment to supporting open education in Brazil, in alignment with other OER efforts in LATAM.

The Educational Repository is an online service for collecting and providing access to data of research publications and digital content worldwide produced.

Universia is the largest Spanish and Portuguese speaking network of universities. It is made up of several important partner universities from most Latin American countries.


Digital Education Pioneers

30

Salman Khan Laurie Pickard


Historic Model of Higher Education


The Ongoing Paradigm Shift in Higher Education


Knowledge EconomyDrucker (The Effective Executive; 1962)


Skills, Ability, Educationand the Workforce

35

Jobs in the knowledge economy impose significant demands for higher level skills:

- Cognitive skills- Noncognitive skills

Recent financial crisis has highlighted the importance of these skills for entering the workforce.


Critical Skills

• Creativity and Application

• Critical Thinking and Application

• Teamwork

• Effective Communication

• Digital & Information Literacy

• Citizenship

• Life Skills

Lumina Foundation Degree Qualifications

Profile

ACT21SAssessment &

Teaching of 21st Century Skills

AAC&ULEAP VALUE

Rubrics

European Higher Ed Area

Competencies. Bologna Tuning Competencies

Framework for Higher Education

QualificationsQAA-FHEQ

Council for the Advancement of

Standards in Higher Education (CAS)

USDoLGeneral

Competency Model Framework

(Markle, Robbins, Brenneman, Jackson, & Burrus, 2013)

Some Relevant Frameworks

05/08/1436


Higher Education Enrollments and Population Demographics

37


Alternative Routes “Through” Higher Education

38

Before


Historic Model of Higher Education


“Future” Model of Higher Education


Higher Education Ecosystem


Summary1. Higher Education is Global2. 21st Century Knowledge Economy– Larger and more diverse populations– Higher levels of Knowledge, Skills and

Abilities (KSAs)3. Technology enabled learning and other

paradigm shifts Disruptive Innovations– Unique opportunities– Focus on direct evidence of KSAs

42

The Impact of Open Educational Resources and Technology ...faubai.org.br/conf/2014/downloads/The...

Documents

Transcript of The Impact of Open Educational Resources and Technology ...faubai.org.br/conf/2014/downloads/The...