The Immune System. Your immune system is very important to us! Without your immune system, you would...
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Transcript of The Immune System. Your immune system is very important to us! Without your immune system, you would...
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The Immune System
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Your immune system is very important to us!
Without your immune system, you would be SICK all of the
time!
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The immune system defends our body
againstINFECTION
What can cause an infection?
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The organisms that cause infection are called
Pathogens
There are many types of pathogens. Let’s take a look at them!
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Bacteria
We find bacteria lots of places!
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Here are some diseases and illnesses caused by
bacteria.Ear infectionsStrep throatFood poisoning
Lyme disease
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A virus is a non-living particle that invades a living cell.Viruses are like little aliens that invade
and takeover living things!
Viruses
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Here are some diseases and illnesses caused by viruses.
The flu and colds
Chicken pox
Hepatitis
AIDS
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The fungi we are talking about is a germ that lives on our skin.
Usually it does not harm us, but sometimes it can cause a
FUNGAL INFECTION
Fungus
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Here are some diseases and illnesses caused by fungus.
Ringworm
Athlete’s Foot
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Nail Fungus
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ProtistsProtists can be small organisms that can cause
serious illnesses.
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Here are some diseases and illnesses caused by protists.
Malaria
African Sleeping SicknessAmebic dysentery
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How do these pathogens
spread?
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Infected People
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Physically coming into contact with an infected person can
spread certain illnesses.
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Coming into contact with droplets released through coughing and sneezing can also
spread certain illnesses.
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Soil, Food and
Water
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Consuming contaminated food and water can cause lots of illnesses.
Salmonella bacteria found in raw eggs and chicken can cause food
poisoning.
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Contaminated Objects
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Some illnesses can be spread through contact with
dried body fluids on a surface.
For example, let’s say a friend with a cold virus sneezes into their hands.
Then they continue to write with their pencil.
The droplets from the sneeze in their hands has now been spread onto the
pencil.You ask to borrow the pencil. The sneeze droplets are now on your hands from the
pencil.You touch your mouth, nose or eyes. The pathogen has entered your body!
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Infected Animals
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Mosquitoes can carry
the West Nile virus and
malaria.
Mammals like
raccoons can carry
the rabies virus.
Some illnesses can be transmitted from an infected animal to a person.
Ticks can carry Lyme
disease.
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Feeling Scared?
Your IMMUNE SYSTEM does a really great job at protecting you!
DON’T BE!
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Your immune system has several lines of
against these pathogens!
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Skin
The oil and sweat in our skin can kill many pathogens. Also,
pathogens have a difficult time finding their way
through our skin!
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Mucus
The slimy mucus found in your nose and respiratory
system can trap pathogens that you breathe in.
Coughing and sneezing gets these pathogens out before they can cause an infection!
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Stomach Acids
The acid in our stomach, that helps to digest food, can actually kill bacteria
found on our food!
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But what happens when those lines of defense fail
and the pathogen gets into our blood?
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White Blood Cells
Come to the rescue!
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White blood cells are special disease fighting cells.
Some white blood cells even disable pathogens by eating
them!
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Other white blood cells will remember what it took to kill a
pathogen. That way, if the pathogen should invade again, the white blood cells can kill it off
without you even knowing it!
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Spleen
Your spleen is an organ found on your left side between your stomach and diaphragm.
It has two jobs: to recycle red blood cells and to filter bacteria from our blood!
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Your immune system can be
HELPED!
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Antibiotics
If a bacteria invades your body and you get sick, antibiotics can kill the bacteria!
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Antibiotics will ONLY help infections caused by bacteria!
So if you have the flu or a cold, antibiotics will NOT help you!
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VACCINATIONS
ALL of you have had vaccinations before, but you know them better as
SHOTS!OUCH!
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How do vaccinations work?When you get a shot, you are injected
with a dead or weakened form of the virus. Your body starts to attack this invader and quickly learns how
to win the battle.
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If you ever come into contact with the same virus again, your body
will remember how to beat it and win!
You will NEVER get sick from the same
virus twice.
Vaccinations build your IMMUNITY!
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What can you do to also help out your immune
system
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1. WASH YOUR HANDS OFTEN!
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2. Avoid contact with infected individuals-
people and animals!
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3. Get your vaccinations or shots!
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4. Cook foods until they are well done!
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5. Avoid touching “dirty” objects!
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6. Keep yourself physically fit!
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Watch how easily germs can spread!
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Thanks to our immune system, our bodies can stay
as healthy as possible!