The IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO2 Monitoring and Storage ...iea-eor.ptrc.ca/2009/papers/S5PR.pdf ·...
Transcript of The IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO2 Monitoring and Storage ...iea-eor.ptrc.ca/2009/papers/S5PR.pdf ·...
The IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO2 Monitoring and Storage Project: An Update on the Final Phase
Dr. Carolyn K. Preston, P.Eng.Executive Director
Petroleum Technology Research Centree o eu e o ogy e ea e eRegina, Saskatchewan
With input from project researchers: B. Rostron, University of Alberta; R. Chalaturnyk, University of Alberta; C Gardner Chevron Energy Technology Company; C HawkesUniversity of Alberta; C. Gardner, Chevron Energy Technology Company; C. Hawkes,
University of Saskatchewan; J. Johnson, Schlumberger-Doll Research; D. White, Geological Survey of Canada; S. Whittaker, Petroleum Technology Research Centre
IEA-EOR 30th Annual Meeting, Canberra, Australia
September 21-25, 2009
Outline
Overview•Partners•Project HistoryFi ld L ti d
Overview•Partners•Project HistoryFi ld L ti d
Project Progress of the Final Phase
Project Progress of the Final Phase
Final Objectives by 2011
Final Objectives by 2011
•Field Location and Statistics
•Field Location and Statistics
What is the PTRC?Mission: To develop world-leading enhanced oil recovery and CO2 storage technologies that ensure sustainable and environmentally sensitive
• PTRC is a non-profit R&D corporation• PTRC manages EOR research and delivers
technologies that ensure sustainable and environmentally-sensitive development of Canada’s energy resources.
• PTRC manages EOR research and delivers basic and applied research results to its partners for field application, including the IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO2 Monitoring and 2Storage Project (2000-2011)
• Recently awarded a Business-Led Network of Centres of Excellence: Sustainable
f STechnologies for Energy Production Systems (STEPS)
• Partnered with, funded by, and liaison to: government industry and researchersgovernment, industry and researchers
• Founded in 1998 by • NRCan (Federal Gov’t)• SER (Provincial Gov’t)
Petroleum Technology Research CentreRegina, Saskatchewan, Canada
“Enhanced Oil Recovery technology with a SER (Provincial Gov t)• SRC (Research Organization)• UofR (Research Organization)
y gybigger impact and a smaller footprint.”
IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO2Monitoring & Storage Project
use site to examine potential of long‐term storage in
depleting oil field
unique in that it uses
improves oil production uses
anthropogenic source of CO2
production while storing
CO2
“The Weyburn‐Midale Project will provide policymakers, the energy industry and the general public with reliable informationenergy industry and the general public with reliable information about industrial carbon sequestration and enhanced oil recovery.”•Samuel Bodman, Former Secretary of Energy, USA
World’s Largest Monitored CO2Geological Storage Siteg g
•$80 million funding including in kind
IEA WMP is a research program in 2 Phases•$80 million funding including in‐kind support
•Currently in Final Phase
R h F d
•Geological Integrity•Wellbore Integrity•S i i it i
Research Focused on
•Seismic monitoring•Geochemical monitoring•Risk Management•Over 30 projects in progress
•Communication
Non‐technical issues
•Policy
Final Phase: Partners to Date Government I d t S $40 Million Sponsors • Natural Resources Canada• United States Dept. of Energy-
National Energy Technology
Industry Sponsors
• SaskPower• Schlumberger• Shell
• Apache• EnCana• Chevron
$40 Million
gy gyLab
• IEA GHG R&D Programme• Saskatchewan Ministry of
Energy and Resources• Alberta Energy Research
Shell• DGC• Nexen
• Chevron• OMV Austria• Saudi Aramco
Research Organizations
Alberta Energy Research Institute
• RITE (Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth – Japan)
Research Organizations
• Alberta Research Council (ARC)• Canadian Light Source –
F S i i I i Uni ersit of Bristol UKT L W t & A i tSynchrotron• ECOMatters (ECOM)• Geological Survey of Canada (GSC)• Permedia Group• Saskatchewan Research Council
• Fugro Seismic Imaging• Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratories • Bluewave Resources
• University of Bristol UK• IEA GHG R&D
Programme
• T.L. Watson & Associates• University of Regina (U of R)• University of Sask. (U of S) • University of Alberta (U of A) • University of Calgary (U of C)
(SRC)• Canada Capital Energy Corp.
• URS Canada Inc. • Saskatchewan Geological Survey
Weyburn-Midale: Where is the CO2 from? Where is it stored?
Courtesy © Geological Survey of Canada
Great Plains Synfuel Plant
The Source of CO2Great Plains Synfuels Plant – Beulah, North DakotaGreat Plains Synfuels Plant Beulah, North Dakota
• 250 mmscfd CO2 by-product of coal (lignite) gasification• approx 8000 tonnes/day suitable for EOR• approx. 8000 tonnes/day suitable for EOR
• CO2 capture facility installed by Great Plains
CO it 95% (l th 2% H S)• CO2 purity 95% (less than 2% H2S)• trace mercaptans (provide basis for leak detection at surface
facilities)facilities)
• 320 km pipeline (14 in & 12 in) built & operated by Great Plains
Compressed CO delivered to custody transfer location in• Compressed CO2 delivered to custody transfer location in Weyburn
• EnCana and Apache take delivery at the field gate• EnCana and Apache take delivery at the field gate
Weyburn & Midale StatisticsWeyburn (EnCana) Midale (Apache)
Field Size 70 square miles 40 square miles
Original oil in place 1.4 billion barrels 515 million barrels
Oil recovery ( CO2 EOR)
370 millions barrels 154 million barrels(pre-CO2-EOR)
Projected CO2 IOR 155 million barrels 67 million barrels
Projected CO2 stored 30+ million tonnes* (gross)26+ million tonnes (net)
10+ million tonnes* (gross)8.5+ million tonnes (net)
**equivalent to removing equivalent to removing more than 8 million carsmore than 8 million carsoff the road for a yearoff the road for a yearoff the road for a yearoff the road for a year
CO2 Injection 2000 vs. 2009Initial CO injection at Weyburn Sept 2000:Initial CO2 injection at Weyburn Sept. 2000:
~5,000 tonnes/day or 95 MMSCF
Dec 2008, Weyburn:~6,550 tonnes/d(+ 5,500 tonnes/day recycle)
Dec 2008, Midale:~1,500 tonnes/d
Total Stored (as of January 1, 2009)Weyburn:• 13 MT stored• 13 MT storedMidale:• 1.6 MT stored
Oil Production and CO2 Stored at Weyburn• At Weyburn-Midale: 14.6 million tonnes of anthropogenic CO2 stored to-datet eybu da e 6 o to es o a t opoge c CO2 sto ed to date• Annual Injection 1.75 million tonnes at Weyburn alone• 40 million tonnes will be stored by 2035 in Weyburn-Midale fields• Excellent EOR response: >20,000 incremental bbl/day
40
45
50
20
25
30
35
Vertical Infills CO2
Current production at 35 year high
)
5
10
15Primary & Waterflood
Pre CO2 Hz Infills
EOR
Waterf lo o d Impro vement
bls/
d (G
ross
0Jan-55 Jan-61 Jan-67 Jan-73 Jan-79 Jan-85 Jan-91 Jan-97 Jan-03 Jan-09 Jan-15M
bb
CO stored equivalent to removing more than 8 million carsCO2 stored equivalent to removing more than 8 million cars off the road for a year
Phase I Project OrganizationOrganized into 4 themes:Organized into 4 themes:
• Theme 1: Geological Characterization of the Geosphere and Biosphere
• Theme 2: Prediction, Monitoring, and Verification of CO2 movements
• Theme 3: CO2 Storage Capacity and Distribution Predictions and the Application of Economic Limits
• Theme 4: Long Term Risk Assessments of the Storage• Theme 4: Long Term Risk Assessments of the Storage Site
Final Phase: Research ProgramN T h i l C tNon-Technical Components
• Regulatory• Public CommunicationsPublic Communications• Fiscal Policy
Technical Components
• Geological Integrity• Wellbore Integrity• Wellbore Integrity• Storage Monitoring Methods(Geophysics &
Geochemistry)y)• Risk Assessment
Study Region - GeoscienceS k t h
System Model
(10 km beyond EOR)
Saskatchewan
Alberta(10 km beyond EOR)
ManitobaMontana
North Dakota
Williston BasinRegional Study
(200 x 200 km)Wyoming (200 x 200 km)
South Dakota
Wyoming
Geological/Hydrogeological Model• 10 km beyond CO210 km beyond CO2
flood limits• Geological
architecture ofarchitecture of system
• Properties of system:– lithology– hydrogeological
characteristicscharacteristics– hydrochemistry– poro/perm– faults
GEOSCIENCEGEOSCIENCE
FRAMEWORKFRAMEWORKFRAMEWORKFRAMEWORK
200 x 200 km•Stratigraphic framework
•Hydrostratigraphic framework
•Tectonic framework
Geological Model
10 km beyond CO2 flood
CO2 Storage capacity and distribution
History matching
System Model Risk Risk AssessmentAssessment
Theme 1 Theme 3
Prediction & Monitoring4D Seismic
GeochemicalTheme 2
Features, Events,
ProcessesNumerical modelingTheme 2 modelingTheme 4
Theme 1: Final Phase Study Area(s)projects related to: improved geological- projects related to: improved geological
model, hydraulic properties of aquitards, fault characterization
Theme 2: Wellbore IntegrityProjects related to: wellbore databases knowledge synthesisProjects related to: wellbore databases, knowledge synthesis,
wellbore modelling
‐ Proposed “big ticket” item: in‐situ cement/casing testing
Theme 2: Wellbore Integrity ll i d liWell Integrity Modeling
• Numerical Simulation of Wellbore Systems
Wellbore Stability for CO Storage SamplingWellbore Stability for CO2 Storage Sampling• Downhole Cement Sampling, Testing & Logging
• Overall Objective: Assessdi i f i /conditions of casing/cement
formations in a typical well.
Courtesy: Christopher and Crow, Carbon Capture Project, March 2007
Theme 3: Storage Monitoring Techniques
MicroseismicityMicroseismicity Summary (03Summary (03--08) 08)
Microseismicity is low: 175 microseisms near the reservoir; 148 locatable.
M=–3 to –1 (energy-equivalent of 30 mg-30gm of TNT).
Very sporadic; clustered temporally and spatially.
Associated with changes in injection rates or temporary wellAssociated with changes in injection rates or temporary well shut-downs.
T t ti l ti f l ti ith CO di t ib ti fTentative correlation of locations with CO2 distribution from time-lapse seismic.
Including Time Lapse Seismic &Including Time Lapse Seismic &Theme 3: Geophysical MonitoringGeophysical Monitoring
Measured Seismic Volume at Time 1
Geochemical MassGeochemical Mass--BalanceBalance
IMPROVEDProduction F t F iliti
Reservoir Simulation at Time 1
Reservoir Simulation at Time 2Lab Measurements
Well Data
“History Matching”“History Matching”
Forecasts, Facilities Planning, Recovery Strategies
Geochemical
Core Data
Production Data Measured Seismic Difference
Geochemical Signature Distribution
Data
Reservoir Modeling and Flow Simulation Reservoir Modeling and Flow Simulation
Theme 3: Monitoring Methods (Geochemical)Shallow Groundwater Samplingp g
Hydrocarbon Fluid Sampling
Soil Gas Sampling
Geochemical Fluid SamplingGeochemical Fluid Sampling
• Geochemical Monitoring of Gas‐Fluid‐Rock Reactions in the EnCana Weyburn ReservoirReservoir
Reactive Transport Modeling of CO2 ‐ flood EOR and sequestration at Weyburn
• This task has been completed by ARC p y
CO2 Brine‐Rock Interactions
• Integrated Experimental and Modeling Study of the Impact of CO2 and Contaminant gases on Reservoir and Caprock performance.
Pore‐Scale Mineral Alteration Studies
i S l i i l i• Micron Scale Reservoir Matrix Analysis
Theme 4: Risk AssessmentAssessmentApplication and Escalation
FactorEscalation
FactorB arriers s it between T hreats and the T op E vent, on the L eft Hand Application and
comparison of different quantitative RA methods:
B Ti M th d Haz
ard
Sour
ce
EscalationFactorControl
EscalationFactorControl
Threat
Th t
Consequence
Conseq enceT E t
RPM
RPMBarrier
Barrier
the T op E vent, on the L eft Hand S ide of the B owT ie.
- Bow-Tie Method
- RISQUE (URS) Method
Haz
ard
and
H
Threat
Threat Consequence
Consequence
Top Event
RPM RPM
RPM
RPM
Barrier Barrier
Barrier
Barrier
- Percolation-Invasion Methods (Permedia)
Activities
Tasks
Business Model HSE Critical Task
Non-technical Themes
Public Communications and Outreach:
E t bli h t f E t
Regulatory Issues:•Survey (report) completed on regulatory progress approaches• Establishment of Expert
Advisory Panel to plan public communications on CCS.CCS bli l k l d
regulatory progress, approaches and laws about CCS in several jurisdictions, globally
• CCS public general knowledge website being established
• Trade show booth and IEA bli ti t i blipublications to increase public
awareness of CCS• Media kits in preparation
Conclusions• Geological container at Weyburn is suitable for long term• Geological container at Weyburn is suitable for long-term
storage of CO2
• Effective trapping setting:Effective trapping setting:• primary seals are highly competent and thick shales above the
reservoir serve as secondary barriers
• Risk Assessment using Geological Model indicates no seepage to surface over 5000 years
• Dec 2008: ~ 14 Mtonnes stored…
Conclusions: Final Phase Objectives
Best Practices
Transition of CO2‐EOR
O i
Transition of CO2‐EOR
O i
Pre‐injection, Operations, Post‐Pre‐injection,
Operations, Post‐Practices Manual
Operations to CO2‐storageOperations to CO2‐storage
Operations, Postinjection, ClosureOperations, Postinjection, Closure
Technical Components
Policy Componentsp
• Site Characterization•Monitoring & Verification
Components• Regulatory Issues• Public Communications &
•Wellbore Integrity• Risk Management
Communications & Outreach
• Fiscal Policy Issues