The Ideology of Pakistan

8/11/2019 The Ideology of Pakistan

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Chapter 2 - The Ideology of Pakistan

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* Ideology and Basic Elements of the Ideology of Pakistan.

* Two ation Theory

* Ideology of Pakistan e!po"nd #y the $"aid-e-%&am and %llama I'#al

* Islam is the Ideological fo"ndation of Pakistan

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Chapter 2 - Ideology and Basic Elements of the Ideology of Pakistan.

$.). e+ne Ideology and descri#e the #asic elements of the Ideology of Pakistan.Contents,hide

* ) e+nition of Ideology* 2 Ideology of Pakistan* Two ation Concept* / Elements of Ideology of Pakistan* 0 Importance of Ideology in ational 1ife* Concl"sion

e+nition of Ideology

3cience of ideas4 5isionary spec"lations4 manner of thinking4 characteristic of aclass or indi5id"al4 ideas on the #asis of some economic4 social or political theory orsystem is called Ideology. It contains those ideals4 which a nation stri5es to

accomplish in order to #ring sta#ility to its nationhood. e+ning ideology4 6eorge1ewis say

Ideology is a plan or program which is #ased "pon philosophy.

Ideology of Pakistan


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Pakistan is an ideological state and the ideology of Pakistan is an Islamic ideology.Its #asic principle #eing

The only so5ereigner is %llah

Islam acted as a nation #"ilding force #efore the esta#lishment of Pakistan. Ideologyof Pakistan #asically means that Pakistan sho"ld #e a state where the 7"slimssho"ld ha5e an opport"nity to li5e according to the faith and creed #ased on theIslamic principles. They sho"ld ha5e all the reso"rces at their disposal to enhanceIslamic c"lt"re and ci5ili&ation. $"aid-e-%&am said

Pakistan was created the day the +rst Indian national entered the +eld of Islam.

From the a#o5e statement4 it is clear that Ideology of Pakistan is an Islamic one.

Two ation Concept

The f"ndamental concept of Ideology is that 7"slims sho"ld get a separate identity. They sho"ld ha5e a separate state where they co"ld li5e according to Islamic r"lesand principles4 profess their religion freely and safeg"ard Islamic tradition. 8n oneoccasion $"aid-e-%&am said

The 7"slims demand Pakistan where they can r"le in accordance with their ownsystem of life4 their c"lt"ral de5elopment4 their traditions and Islamic laws.

Th"s4 this f"ndamental concept of Ideology led to the concept of two nations in the3"# Continent and res"lted in the formation of Pakistan.

Elements of Ideology of Pakistan

9ind"s and 7"slims #elong to two di:erent religio"s philosophers4 social c"stoms4and literat"res. They #elong to two di:erent ci5ili&ations which are #ased mainly oncon;icting ideas and conceptions. Therefore4 7"slim nation demanded a separatehomeland where they co"ld ha5e the freedom to practice their religion and li5e their

li5es as free indi5id"als of an independent co"ntry. There are +5eprinciples


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/. emocratic 3ystem

0. =rd" 1ang"age

). Islam4 a ation-B"ilding Force

Pakistan came into #eing on the #asis of Islam. It was only Islam4 which gal5ani&ed7"slims and lined them "p #ehind 7"slim 1eag"e. 8ther factors4 political andeconomic ones4 also played some part in "niting 7"slims to str"ggle for Pakistan#"t Islam was the preponderant factor as it ser5es as a cementing force for 7"slimsociety and is the primary link #etween 7"slims the world o5er. E5erything elsefollows Islam. The entire str"ggle of the 7"slims of the s"#continent was to ha5e astate where they co"ld freely maintain their Islamic entity. o other factor was soclear and intelligi#le for 7"slim masses. 7"slims grad"ally de5eloped a nationalconscio"sness in the Indo-Pakistan s"#continent> they collecti5ely str"ggled for theright of self-determination and the esta#lishment of an independent homeland to #ecar5ed o"t from those territories where they constit"ted ma?orities where Islamco"ld #e accepted as the ideal pattern for the indi5id"als life. They e5ent"allysec"red what they wanted. 9ence4 the historical fact which co"ld not #e denied isthat the formation of the 7"slim nation preceded the demand for a homeland.Pakistan itself did not gi5e #irth to any nation> on the contrary4 the 7"slim nationstr"ggled for and #ro"ght Pakistan into #eing. $"aid-e-%&am said

@e do not demand Pakistan simply to ha5e a piece of land #"t we want a la#oratorywhere we co"ld e!periment on Islamic principles.

Islamic ideology is not merely a matter of #elief4 dogma and rit"al. It is a religion inthe wider sense of the word. It is a way of life4 a whole comple! of social and moralnorms entwined with theological metaphysics. The f"ndamental teachings of Islamare "ni5ersally accepted. Belief in 6od4 +nality of prophet-hood4 h"man rights andsocial ?"stice4 management of a:airs thro"gh consens"s4 moral 5al"es ofcharita#leness4 tolerance and "ni5ersal #rotherhood> these are sonic of the cardinalprinciples enshrined #y the $"ran and 3"nnah. The only force which keeps 7"slim

nation "nited is Islam which is the ideological fo"ndation of Pakistan.

2. Two- ation Theory

The Two ation Theory was the #asis of str"ggle for creation of Pakistan. It impliesthat 7"slims of 3"#continent were a nation '"ite distinct and separate from the9ind"s. They in spite of li5ing together for cent"ries co"ld not forget their indi5id"alc"lt"res and ci5ili&ation.


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3ir 3yed %hmed Ahan was the +rst to gi5e the wake "p call and decided to prepare7"slims to +ght the ad5ertisity with similar weapons - modern ed"cation andknowledge4 employed for domination. @ith him4 his %ligarh 7o5ement4 his #ooksand maga&ine Tah&i#"l %khla'4 he started an awareness mo5ement. he prepared

the gro"nd for "niting and gal5ani&ing 7"slim comm"nity of the s"#continent. 9iscolleag"es incl"ding awa# 7ohsin"l 7"lk and others created conditions which ledto the esta#lishment of %ll-India 7"slim 1eag"e in haka in ) 4 a landmark in thehistory of Pakistan 7o5ement.

8n 7arch 224 ) / in his presidential address to the %ll-India 7"slim 1eag"e 1ahoresession4 the fo"nder of Pakistan 7"hammad %li Dinnah made it plain that

The 9ind"s and the 7"slims #elong to two di:erent religio"s philosophies4 socialc"stoms and literat"re. They neither intermarry4 nor interdine together4 and indeedthey #elong to two di:erent ci5ili&ations which are #ased mainly on con;icting ideasand conceptions.

This was not a matter of mere hair-splitting #"t an e5eryday fact of life4 which onecannot fail to feel in almost e5ery sphere of h"man acti5ity. This then is the cr"!and s"#stance of the Two ation Theory4 which formed the #asis of British India spartition in two independent 9ind" and 7"slim 3tates. The 9ind" ma?ority areas ofIndia formed India and the 7"slims ma?ority regions came together "nder the"ni'"e name of Pakistan. 8n the same premises $"aid-e-%&am dismissed thewishes of the 9ind" and the British colonialists for a ?oint 9ind" 7"slim nationhoodas a pipe dream. @ith single-minded de5otion #e fo"ght against this menace ands"cceeded in getting the idea of a separate 7"slim identity recogni&ed. In the 2 th%nn"al 3ession of the 7"slim 1eag"e in ) /) in 7adras4 $"aid-e-%&am formallydeclared this o#?ecti5e as the ideology of the 7"slim 1eag"e. It is this 5ery ideologywhich is the second important ingredient of ideology of Pakistan.

. Territorial 1and

%mongst the constit"tes of ideology of Pakistan4 land is the third important element.% piece of land was necessary for the e!istence4 sta#ili&ation and promotion of

Islamic ideology as so"l re'"ires #ody. $"aid-e-%&am said in his address to P"n?a#7"slim 3t"dents Federation in 7arch ) /)4

othing wo"ld #e achie5ed simply #y raising slogans for nation. @e are one nationand the nation cannot s"r5i5e in the air4 it re'"ires an independent land to settlewhere it can r"le and o"r demand is the same.

9owe5er4 %ll-India 7"slim 1eag"e demanded a separate homeland constit"ting the


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areas in which the 7"slims are n"merically in a ma?ority s"ch as in the orth-@estern and Eastern &ones of India on 7arch 2 4 ) / . @ith Dinnah s "ntiringe:orts4 indomita#le will4 and da"ntless co"rage4 he "nited the Indian 7"slims "nderthe #anner of the 7"slim 1eag"e and car5ed o"t a homeland for them within Gyears4 despite sti: opposition from the 9ind" Congress and the British 6o5ernment.

/. emocratic 3ystem

In an Islamic state4 all the a:airs are decided on the #asis of 3hariat H emocracy . Inother words4 all the social4 economic4 political and the c"lt"ral a:airs are operatedon the #asis of m"t"al consens"s and Islamic democracy. The same system has also#een referred in 3"rah %l-Imram4 7"hammad HP.B.=.9 "sed to operate all the statea:airs after disc"ssing with his 3aha#as Hcompanions 4 @hen this '"estions rosethat what wo"ld #e the system of go5ernment in Pakistan4 it sho"ld4 no do"#t4 #eIslamic. Islamic system of go5ernment is Islamic democracy or system of 3hariat.Creation of Pakistan is the glorio"s e!ample of i?ma-e-"mmat Hnational consens"s .%t the time of esta#lishment of Pakistan4 referend"m was held in all the 7"slimma?ority pro5inces to take their consent to the incl"ded in Pakistan. 3harai systemof state4 therefore4 is the +fth ingredient of Pakistan.

0. =rd" 1ang"age

1ang"age is not a f"ndamental characteristic of a nation4 #"t still remains one ofthe feat"res #y which a nation may #e disting"ished or one of the gro"nds on whichnationalism may #e fo"nded. In the s"#-continent4 =rd" was considered to #e thelang"age of 7"slims and 9indi to the 9ind"s.

"ring the last days of the 7"slim r"le4 =rd" emerged as the most commonlang"age of the northwestern pro5inces of India. It was declared the oJciallang"age4 and all oJcial records were written in this lang"age. In ) G4 someprominent 9ind"s started a mo5ement in Banaras in which they demanded thereplacement of =rd" with 9indi4 and the Persian script with the e5a agri script4 asthe co"rt lang"age in the northwestern pro5inces. The reason for opposing =rd"was that the lang"age was written in Persian script4 which was similar to the %ra#ic

3cript4 and %ra#ic was the lang"age of the $"ran4 the 9oly Book of the 7"slims. Themo5ement grew '"ickly and within a few months spread thro"gho"t the 9ind"pop"lation of the northwestern pro5inces of India. This sit"ation pro5oked the7"slims to come o"t in order to protect the importance of the =rd" lang"age. Theopposition #y the 9ind"s towards the =rd" lang"age made it clear to the 7"slimsthat 9ind"s were not ready to tolerate the c"lt"re and traditions of the 7"slims. 3o7"slims also #egan to think a#o"t esta#lishing a political party of their own for theirs"r5i5al and centrali&ing their e:orts to ha5e their rights. Conse'"ently4 %ll India


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The Ideology of Pakistan

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