THE HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR

SYSTEM

THE HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR

SYSTEMBY: DIANA ARROYO, SAWANI GOONATILLEKE, PRIYANKA

SONIBY: DIANA ARROYO, SAWANI GOONATILLEKE, PRIYANKA

SONI

BLOOD CELLS

BONE MARROW

BLOOD

BLOOD VESSELS

HEART

CIRCULATION

DISEASES

THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

BLOOD CELLSblood has two main types of cells RBCs and WBCs plus pieces of cell called platelets

RBCs look round with a small dent in the middle

mainly contain hemoglobin

hemoglobin-allows RBCs to transport oxygen around your body

RBCs contain enzymes that the body uses to make certain chemical processes happen.

WBCs are also called leucocytes which mostly fight infections

FACT: There are 5 million RBCs in 1 drop of blood

BONE MARROWbones contain a core of jellylike substance called marrow

color can either be red or yellow depending on whether it has more blood or fat tissue

is the factory or production of all the body’s blood cells

All bone marrow is yellow when you are a baby, but as you grow older, the majority of it turns yellow

Adults have red marrow only in the spine, breastbone, ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis, and skull

Yellow bone marrow stores fat, but it can turn into red marrow when you are ill

The many different kinds of blood cells all start as red marrow as a cell called a stem cell. Different blood cells develop as stem cells divide repeatedly.

Some stem cells divide and form RBCs and platelets

BLOODliquid that circulates through out the body

Made up of: Red Blood Cells(RBC), White Blood Cells(WBC), Platelets, 90% Water, and many other substances (nutrients & hormones)

carries: oxygen, food to all cells

takes carbon dioxide and wastes away

fights infection, keeps you warm, & distributes chemicals

oxygen turns your blood bright red but in your veins its almost brown

Platelets contribute to clotting which stops you from bleeding

Types of Blood: A+ , A- , B-, B+, AB+, AB-, O+, O-

BLOOD VESSELShave 3 varieties arteries, veins, and capillaries

capillaries connect to arteries then to veins which bring blood back to the heart

If we stuck all our blood vessels end to end it would stretch

100,000 kmenough to wrap around

earth twice with leftover

The HeartAorta- the largest artery that transports blood from the left ventricle to the body

Pulmonary Artery- carries Deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Pulmonary Vein- Transports Oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left Atrium

Right Atrium- receives Deoxygenated blood from the body

Left Atrium- receives Oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it down into the left ventricle which delivers it to the body

Right Ventricle- pumps Deoxygenated blood into the Pulmonary Artery

Left Ventricle- pumps Oxygenated blood into the Aorta

Coronary Vessels- supplies the Heart muscle with blood

Arteries- carry blood AWAY from the heart

Veins- carry blood TOWARD the heart

Arteries- carry blood AWAY from the heart

Vena Cava- largest vein of the body that carries blood from the body back to the heartIN THE AVERAGE LIFETIME THE HEART PUMPS 53 MILLION GALLONS OF BLOOD.

CIRCULATION1. When air is taken in, Blood starts its journey through the body in the right atrium.

2. The oxygenated blood then flows through into right ventricle.

3. Then blood reaches the lungs after traveling through the pulmonary artery.

4. From the lungs, the blood flows back to the pulmonary vein to the left atrium.

5. Gases are exchanged in the lungs. CO2 is released by the blood and oxygen is absorbed.

6. Then It flows down to the into the left ventricle.

7. The oxygenated blood is then pumped into the aorta.

8. Between the major arteries, aorta forks and blood is divided to supply the upper and lower body through a network of veins, capillaries, and smaller arteries.

9. Then, the blood goes through the arteries and then the arterioles to reach capillaries. The capillaries feed every cell with oxygen.

10. The blood is deoxygenated by the time it reaches the veins.

11. The deoxygenated blood then flows through the inferior and superior vena cava to finally arrive at the right atrium.

12. The circulation of blood starts again.     

Cardiovascular Diseases Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

The arteries that carry blood shrink due to the fact of a plaque buildup that consists of fat. The symptoms can lead to heart attacks, chest pains, lightheadedness, and difficulty breathing

However the site in which the plaque is located in decides what type of disease, for example Coronary Artery Disease- plaque blocks blood pathways to the

heart Peripheral Artery Disease- plaque blocks blood pathways to

arms/ legs Carotid Artery Disease- plaque blocks blood pathways to the

brain

Cardiovascular Diseases Heart Failure Occurs after there has been an injury to the heart muscle due

to a heart attack or cholesterol. The factors include diabetes, heart murmur, and enlarged heart.

Symptoms include: - Difficulty breathing - Fatigue - Swelling of legs and feet Stroke This is caused by the Carotid Disease since the arteries that

transport oxygen and blood are blocked. This then stall the blood transport causing the artery to clot and/ or burst. Thus causing brain cells to die

BIBLIOGRAPHYInternet SiteCardiovascular Disease. Department of Health. http://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/cardiovascular/heart_disease/

Internet SiteCongenital Heart Disease. Cedars Sinai. http://www.cedars-sinai.edu/Patients/Health-Conditions/Congenital-Heart-Disease.aspx?gclid=CJHRtvv4jrcCFceDQgodomMACQ

VideoThe Human Circulatory System Explained. Internet Site By: EcoGeeks http://video.answers.com/the-human-circulatory-system-explained-517283877

BookSilver Dolphin Books. Human Body. Silver Dolphin Books, 2006