The Holocaust: The AftermathThe Holocaust: The Aftermath

Did Canada do enough to help Holocaust Did Canada do enough to help Holocaust survivors rebuild their lives?survivors rebuild their lives?

http://www.krakow-poland.com/News/Auschwitz-S-Arbeit-Macht-Frei-Entrance-Sign-Stolen-By-Thieves,ghi

AgendaAgenda

Video Clip – Band of BrothersVideo Clip – Band of Brothers

Nuremburg TrialsNuremburg Trials

Canadian post-war immigration policiesCanadian post-war immigration policies

Case study – War OrphansCase study – War Orphans

Video Clip – Band of BrothersVideo Clip – Band of Brothers

Context of the clipContext of the clip

http://www.hbocanada.com/bandofbrothers/

Band of Brothers - DebriefBand of Brothers - Debrief

Describe what you saw in the clip.Describe what you saw in the clip.

Why did the soldiers make the civilians clean Why did the soldiers make the civilians clean up?up?

3 corners: Were the American soldiers’ actions 3 corners: Were the American soldiers’ actions too harsh, just right, or not harsh enough?too harsh, just right, or not harsh enough? Please move to the corner you feel appropriate and Please move to the corner you feel appropriate and

discuss with your classmates.discuss with your classmates.

The Nuremburg TrialsThe Nuremburg Trials

The International Military The International Military Tribunal (IMT) was Tribunal (IMT) was convened by American, convened by American, British, French and Soviet British, French and Soviet personnel in 1946 personnel in 1946 headed by American headed by American Justice Robert H. Justice Robert H. Jackson.Jackson.

Tried 24 individuals and 7 Tried 24 individuals and 7 organizations with Crimes organizations with Crimes Against Humanity, Against Humanity, Crimes Against Peace Crimes Against Peace and War Crimesand War Crimes

http://www.secondstory.com/portfolio/works/the-nuremberg-trials-what-is-justice

Nuremburg InnovationsNuremburg Innovations

International TribunalInternational Tribunal

Individuals tried, not statesIndividuals tried, not states

No immunity for heads of stateNo immunity for heads of state

Established Crimes Against Humanity Established Crimes Against Humanity (murder, torture, rape)(murder, torture, rape)

Nuremburg Trials - JudgementsNuremburg Trials - Judgements

12 of the defendants 12 of the defendants were sentenced to were sentenced to death by hangingdeath by hanging

3 were sentenced to 3 were sentenced to life imprisonmentlife imprisonment

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/images/nuremberg_defendants.jpg

Nuremburg - LegacyNuremburg - Legacy

Development of International LawDevelopment of International Law

Served as a model for the development of:Served as a model for the development of: Universal Declaration of Human RightsUniversal Declaration of Human Rights Geneva ConventionGeneva Convention Establishment of the International Criminal Establishment of the International Criminal

Court (ICC)Court (ICC)

Nuremburg ShortcomingsNuremburg Shortcomings

Victor’s Justice – did the Allies have the Victor’s Justice – did the Allies have the right to put Nazi war criminals on trial right to put Nazi war criminals on trial when they themselves were guilty of when they themselves were guilty of committing heinous crimes?committing heinous crimes?

Canada and the Universal Canada and the Universal Declaration of Human RightsDeclaration of Human Rights

1946 John Peters Humphrey 1946 John Peters Humphrey appointed the Director of the appointed the Director of the Human Rights Division of Human Rights Division of the UN Secretariatthe UN Secretariat

Principal drafter of Universal Principal drafter of Universal Declaration of Human Declaration of Human Rights, unanimously Rights, unanimously accepted by the UN General accepted by the UN General Assembly in 1948Assembly in 1948

http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/pdp-hrp/humphrey/index-eng.cfm

Universal Declaration of Human Universal Declaration of Human RightsRights

1.1. All human beings are born free and equalAll human beings are born free and equal

2.2. EveryoneEveryone is entitled to the rights and is entitled to the rights and freedoms of the Declarationfreedoms of the Declaration

3.3. Right to life, liberty and securityRight to life, liberty and security

4.4. Abolishment of slaveryAbolishment of slavery

5.5. No one shall be subjected to torture or cruel, No one shall be subjected to torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishmentinhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

6.6. Right to recognition everywhere before the lawRight to recognition everywhere before the law

……

Canadian ImmigrationCanadian Immigration

During the Holocaust, Canada admitted 5000 Jewish During the Holocaust, Canada admitted 5000 Jewish refugees – one of the lowest among refugee admitting refugees – one of the lowest among refugee admitting countriescountries

1947 Privy Council Order #1647 changed Jewish 1947 Privy Council Order #1647 changed Jewish immigration to Canadaimmigration to Canada

Prompted War Orphans Project, which allowed 1,123 Prompted War Orphans Project, which allowed 1,123 Holocaust orphans to come to CanadaHolocaust orphans to come to Canada

By the end of the 1940s 40,000 Holocaust survivors By the end of the 1940s 40,000 Holocaust survivors were allowed into Canadawere allowed into Canada

War Orphans – Case StudyWar Orphans – Case Study

Please choose Please choose one one of the four orphans’ of the four orphans’ stories, and use the information in it to stories, and use the information in it to answer the questions in the worksheet.answer the questions in the worksheet.

Explain to your group members what the Explain to your group members what the Canadian government did to help the Canadian government did to help the orphan you selected.orphan you selected.

HomeworkHomework

For homework, please write 1-2 For homework, please write 1-2 paragraphs answering the question, “Did paragraphs answering the question, “Did Canada do enough to help Holocaust Canada do enough to help Holocaust survivors rebuild their lives?”survivors rebuild their lives?”Use specific examples from the War Use specific examples from the War Orphans’ stories.Orphans’ stories.Defend your position, and be sure to Defend your position, and be sure to include actions the government include actions the government couldcould have have taken to make things easier for Holocaust taken to make things easier for Holocaust survivors.survivors.