Pre-AP World History Chapter 12 Empires in East Asia (600-1350 A.D.)
The History of East & SE Asia
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Transcript of The History of East & SE Asia
TheDynastic
Cycle
TheDynastic
Cycle
A new dynasty
comes to power.
A new dynasty
comes to power.
Lives of common people improved;
taxes reduced;farming encouraged.
Lives of common people improved;
taxes reduced;farming encouraged.
Problems begin(extensive wars,invasions, etc.)
Problems begin(extensive wars,invasions, etc.)
Taxes increase;men forced towork for army.
Farming neglected.
Taxes increase;men forced towork for army.
Farming neglected.
Govt. increasesspending; corruption.
Govt. increasesspending; corruption.
Droughts,floods,
famines occur.
Droughts,floods,
famines occur.
Poor loserespect for govt.They join rebels
& attack landlords.
Poor loserespect for govt.They join rebels
& attack landlords.
Rebel bands findstrong leader who
unites them.Attack the emperor.
Rebel bands findstrong leader who
unites them.Attack the emperor.
Emperor isdefeated !!
Emperor isdefeated !!
The emperorreforms the govt.& makes it more
efficient.
The emperorreforms the govt.& makes it more
efficient.
Start here
The Evolution of ChineseThe Evolution of ChineseWriting during the ShangWriting during the ShangThe Evolution of ChineseThe Evolution of ChineseWriting during the ShangWriting during the Shang
PictograpPictographshs
Semantic-Semantic-PhoneticsPhonetics
Chinese Dynasties Longest continuous history of any culture.
DYNASTIES:
Shang: 1700’s-1100’s BCE
Irrigation Systems, Calendar (fairly accurate)
Qin (Ch’in): 200’s BCE
1st Imperial dynasty, expanded into E China, ordered “Great Wall” built as protection.
Han: 202 BC – AD 220
strengthened military power
Mongols overthrew the Sung around 1200, ruled until 1279 when the Chinese rebelled.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mongol_Empire_map.gif Mongol expansion map
After China drove the Mongols out, China limited outside influence , forbade foreign trade.
Struggle for China
• Mao Zedong: Communist chairman of China from 1949 to 1976.
• Chang Kai-Shek fought unsuccessfully to stop the communists.
5
Taiwan
• Chang Kai-shek, moved gov’t to Taiwan (Chinese territory).
• Claim: Taiwan is separate from China.
• Conflict between these two groups (PRC & ROC) still exists today.
6
Communism in China• 1st challenge: feed the people…so gov’t
organized land into larger farms. • Man no longer dominant family member• Women worked the fields.
• To slow the growth of population: 1 child policy.• Great Leap Forward: disaster for Mao (pg 623)• Cultural Revolution: chaos, closed schools, (pg
623) Intellects killed or sent to work in the countryside
Tibet & The Dalai Lama (14th)
• Tibet: Himalayan plateau• DL’s ruled Tibet 1640s -
1950s. • 13th DL proclaimed
independence : 1913. • China did not accept
independence. (subordinate)• DL (14th) exiled, living in India.• Tibetans have been victims of
extreme human rights violations by Chinese government.
Hong Kong & Macao “One Country Two Systems”
• Hong Kong & Macao : “Special Administrative Region” of China
• Autonomous
• HONG KONG: • UK territory from 1842-1997. • Cosmopolitan & Highly Developed.• One of most densely pop regions in
world. • MACAO: • Former Portuguese territory• Returned to China: 1999
Japan
• Feudal system similar to medieval Europe.
• Lords fought each other.
• 1274-1281: united together to fight off the Mongols
• Drove European invaders out in the 1600’s
Isolationist Japan • Japan was closed to trade,
isolated. • The US wanted to open up Tokyo
for:– Trade– Coal/refueling US ships
• Impact of the 1854 Treaty Signed between Japan & US: – Inflation – Overthrow of Shogun & Meji
restoration: restoring imperial rule, & modernizing Japan
Pearl Harbor• Japan: allies with Germany &
Italy
• Dec 7, 1941: Japanese attack US Naval Base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
• RESULT: Brings US into WWII
Atomic Bomb of Hiroshima & Nagasaki
• US dropped atomic bombs on Japan: Aug 1945.
• Japan surrendered & was occupied & assisted in rebuilding by US forces.
• Japan banned nuclear armament.
Korean War • 1950: N. Korea, invaded S. Korea• 1953: Threat of a nuclear world war
ended the war at a stalemate.
• RESULT: Demilitarized Zone: 2.5
mile buffer zone at the 38th parallel where troops from neither side are allowed.
• Unique area: Endangered animals & species thrive.
Vietnam Conflict 1964-1973
• Vietnam independent from France 1954
• Split into North: Communist & South: pro-Western govt.
• US Supported the South. • China, Russia Supported the
North• 1973 Last of the US troops
pulled out of Vietnam.• North and South Vietnam
reunified as a communist state 1975.
Pol Pot & The Killing Fields: 1975-1979
• Killing Fields: mass graves in Cambodia.
• An estimated 1.7 million people were killed/starved & buried by the Khmer Rouge regime, led by Pol Pot during its rule from 1975-1979.
• Goal: form a Communist peasant farming society.
• Foreigners expelled, & Cambodia was sealed off from the outside world.
• 1978 invaded by Vietnam & Pol Pot fled to Thailand.