The Health of the body depends on the health of its interdependent systems

How are body systems connected?

Review:All cells of the body have the same

basic need for energy, nutrients and oxygen to carry our their functions. All cells also need to remove wastes. Body systems work together to provide cells with what they need.

Energy: all cells need energy to carry out their life functions and food is the source of energy.

When you eat your body breaks food down into nutrients, which include carbohydrates, fats and proteins. These all can be broken down into energy, but the main source for energy are carbohydrates, and we typically get carbohydrates in the form of sugar or glucose.

Cellular Respiration(not just breathing!)

Respiratory System

Nose: Takes in oxygen rich air

Windpipe: Directs oxygen-rich air to lungs.

Lungs: Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, and remove carbon dioxide through the nose

Circulatory System

Heart: pumps blood

Veins: transports blood from body cells

Arteries: transports blood to body cells

Digestive System

Mouth: grinds up foodEsophagus: moves food to

stomachStomach: breaks down

and churns foodSmall Intestine: breaks

food down into nutrients so they can be absorbed

Large intestine: processes solid waste material

Anus: removes solid waste material

Excretory System

Kidneys: filters blood to produce urine

Ureters: transports urine

Bladder: stores urine

Urethra: Excretes urine

Its all connected

Activity

Questions 1-4, page 441

Core Lab: 12-1B

Perform Lab 12-1B found on page 442

Body Systems and Health

Class Discussion:

What helps our body to be healthy and what makes us unhealthy?

Specifically, what will help certain body systems?

Body Systems and Health

Review: All body systems work together. If one system is not functioning properly then the whole network of systems is disrupted. The same goes for maintaining the health of each body system ensures the health of the whole body.

Diet, exercise and stress affect the health of body systems

Blood Pressure and the Health of the circulator system

Heart Rate: A fast beating heart pushes blood quickly through the arteries, building up blood pressure.

Blood Pressure continued…

Artery Size: Large, open arteries conduct larger

volumes of blood, which produces low blood pressure

Small , narrow or partly clogged arteries conduct smaller volumes of blood, which produces high blood pressure

Healthy vs. Unhealthy…you be the judge

Blood Pressure continued…

Artery elasticity: Flexible arteries can expand easily, letting more blood flow through. Loss of elasticity results in “hardening of the arteries”, this conditions produces higher blood pressure.

Blood Viscosity ( low ability to flow): The heart must work harder if blood viscosity id greater than normal, which can happen when the number of blood cells increases due to illness or injury.

Blood Pressure continued…

Blood Volume: If a person looses lots of blood due to injury, their blood pressure will be low

Note: the average adult has 5L of blood, that is about 8-9 coke bottles

Factors that affect blood pressure

There are a variety of things that can affect blood pressure. Can you name 3 things that will negatively affect blood pressure?

Here are 3 common factorsCigarette smokingHigh Fat dietLack of regular exercise

Body Systems in Balance

As your external environment (outside your body) changes around you, your internal environment (inside your body) is able to maintain proper internal conditions that your cells require, this balance is called homeostasis.

All the body systems work together to achieve homeostasis.

What Affects Homeostasis

There are two types of factors that effect homeostasis.

Genetic Factors: There are things that you inherit from one or both parents

Lifestyle Factors: These are factors that are within your control. (Eg. Exercise, diet, stress)

Diet and Nutrition, Exercise and Stress

What effect do the above factors have on the reparatory, circulatory, muscular, digestive, excretory and nervous systems?

Discuss and then complete activity

Activity

Group Work:Learn about the four factors

mentioned before. Present information on the four factors and the information that was found.

Discuss the other factors that are listed on page 449.

What is healthy?

Over the past few decades there has been lots of research on what is most healthy and many ideas have come and gone.

Here are some examples:Butter vs. MargarineFad DietsLimited number of heart beats in one life

Do you know of any other “old” views of what is healthy?

Technology in support of Homeostasis

Technology can be used to support or even replace the function of an organ or a body system.

A pacemaker, helps the heart to beat with a steady rhythm

An insulin pump is a device that is programmed to deliver a specific dose of insulin a specific times in the day.

The Jarvik-7 is an artificial heat, they are sometimes used because there are not enough donors of human hearts.

Kidney Dialysis is used when the kidney no longer function.

Class Discussion

Group work!Within your group, answer the following

questions. Make sure you select someone to:

(1) Record(2) Keep track of time(3) Ask any questions that you

have(4) Report back to the class

Questions

Check your Understanding:

Page: 457 Checking Concepts 1-6Understanding Key Ideas 7-9

Quiz!

Study for you quiz on Chapter 12!