The Green Energy Scenario - GeoSmartCity · - Turku (Finland) - Girona (Spain) 13 Use Cases...
Transcript of The Green Energy Scenario - GeoSmartCity · - Turku (Finland) - Girona (Spain) 13 Use Cases...
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The Green Energy
Scenario from EU-wide (big) numbers …
… to local actions with local real data
Piergiorgio Cipriano Business Analyst – Public Sector & Utilities
GeoSmartCity Final Conference, Genova, 15th February 2017
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There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned
lies, and statistics
Mark Twain
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EU population:
7% of world’s population
(510 million)
sources: EUROSTAT and World Bank (2015)
EU energy residential demand:
20% of world’s demand source: http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ieo/buildings.cfm
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In 2020, the European
consumption of energy will be
25 trillion kWh
(25,000,000,000,000)
In 2040 it will rise to 28 trillion kWh
source: http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ieo/
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In terms of energy consumption,
buildings represent around 40%
source: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-efficiency/buildings
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… and transport is another 33%
source: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-efficiency/buildings
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7 source: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat
Green Energy Context
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8 source: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat
Green Energy Context
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European households are responsible for 68% of the total final energy use in building sector: - heating (70%) - cooling - hot water - cooking - appliances
The most used fuel is gas.
source: http://bpie.eu/publication/europes-buildings-under-the-microscope/
Green Energy Context
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Well … we have a lot of statistics, but we need actual data
GeoSmartCity Final Conference, Genova, 15th February 2017
local and detailed data
preferably open and harmonized
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11 http://www.covenantofmayors.eu/index_en.html
Green Energy Context
Covenant of Mayors is the policy 'with highest impact on climate change mitigation‘ (Source: Economist, 2014)
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Green Energy Context
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-strategy
40% reduction in EU GHG
27% of energy from renewable sources
27% improvement of energy efficiency
85-90% reduction in EU GHG
About 2/3 of energy from renewable sources
20% reduction in EU greenhouse gas from 1990
20% of energy from renewable sources
20% improvement of energy efficiency
Energy strategy:
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Green Energy pilots Use Cases
and Requirements
GeoSmartCity Final Conference, Genova, 15th February 2017
... local actions with local real data
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5 pilot cities involved in this scenario - Reggio Emilia (Italy) - Maroussi (Greece) - Oeiras (Portugal) - Turku (Finland) - Girona (Spain)
13 Use Cases collected 59 requirements (functional, non-functional, generic)
Green Energy Pilots
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Use cases - Publication of energy performance of municipal buildings - Publication of energy performance of other buildings
General objectives - Integrate geodata and energy data for strategic purposes - Provide integrated open geodata
Main requirements - Estimate energy performance and CO2 emissions - Energy maps and reports, interoperable access to data
Reggio Emilia (Italy)
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Use cases - Data collection via field survey and crowdsourcing - Energy map creation - Data publication
General objectives - Enable citizens and SMEs to make valuable comments and enhance their energy consumption behavior
Main requirements - Mobile app for editing buildings’ properties - Searching capabilities for buildings - Provide open geodata through the hub
Marousi (Greece)
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Use cases - Urban sustainable planning tool - Zero-balance calculation - Calculation of energy performance of buildings
General objectives - Monitor energy consumption in public buildings - Achieve a balance between various urban areas
Main requirements - Calculate solar potential and electric balance - Reports, statistics
Oeiras (Portugal)
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Use cases - Selecting green route - Green driving - Green parking
General objectives - Shift from private to public transport in commuter traffic - Acquire real-life information to be used for planning
Main requirements - Bike routing, bus timetables, paths for commuters - Estimation of fuel consumption, collect stats
Turku (Finland)
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Use cases - I want to ride my bicycle, I want to ride it where I like - Find healthy bike route
General objectives - Encourage alternative/light transportation - Involve city users and stakeholders in data integration
Main requirements - Provide updates to OpenStreetMap - Estimate pollution, calculate bike routing
Girona (Spain)
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Green Energy Specialized Services (standard Geo-ICT services)
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• Buildings "on-site" data quality check
• Estimation of Energy Performance of buildings
• Buildings CO2 emissions estimation
• Heat consumption dashboard
• Upload of "future "buildings
• Solar potential calculation
• Zero-balance layer
• Linked open data
… Geo-ICT services for Buildings
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Specialized Services
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• Multi-lingual Address Geocoding
• Green preferences and routing
• Next departure time
• Drive to park
… Geo-ICT services for Transport
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Specialized Services
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• Some pilots (e.g. Reggio-Emilia, Maroussi, Oeiras) are requesting processing services, as the estimation at individual building level of:
– energy performance
– CO2 emissions
– solar potential
Examples – Buildings
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• E.g. for the “Estimation of Energy Performance” this is a (complex) process that:
– Considers the characteristics of buildings (e.g. age of construction, size, usage, …) as well as climatic zones
– Calculates vertical surfaces (envelope)
– Apply TABULA project typologies for households (U-values for roof, floor, envelope, … degree-days of the location, …) to existing buildings
– Generates the EP value in annual kWh (per m2 or m3, according to location and legislation)
A (WPS) “specialized” service in brief
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A (WPS) “specialized” service in brief
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A (WPS) “specialized” service in brief
Estimation of energy performance of buildings
With automatic estimation
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… without any “specialized” service
Estimation of energy performance of buildings
with real EP certificates
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• In order to calculate the energy performance we need data with good level of accuracy and detail.
• If not yet available in existing datasets, or if the quality has to be validated, we need to consider the possibility to involve local communities to collect or correct data “on site”.
A (WFS-T) “specialized” service in brief
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A (WFS-T) “specialized” service in brief
Buildings "on-site" data quality check
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=it.sinergis.geosmartcity.map4data
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In Marousi(GR) buildings’
data have been
collected, but some
attributes are still missing
or need to be checked
(e.g. “age of
construction, age of
renovation, uses, …”).
An on-site campaign
has been organized by
the EPSILON
International, involving
the local School of
Architecture.
People involved used
smartphones and tablets
to edit attributes via
WFS-T service, and
updates data on PostGIS
database.
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Buildings properties
missing, on-site to be
performed
Some buildings
properties still missing,
on-site already done
Buildings properties
available, on-site
check suggested
Buildings properties
available and on-site check performed
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Building selection (on 1st click)
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Building properties (on 2nd click)
Editing of multi-value attribute
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• E.g. similarly to the estimation of the energy performance, the estimation of the CO2 emissions is based on an algorithm that uses in input spatial feature (buildings) with attributes containing data about real energy consumption, by type of fuel (gas, electricity, LPG, DH, …)
Another (WPS) “specialized” service in brief
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CO2 emissions estimation
Another (WPS) “specialized” service in brief
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Heat Consumption dashboard
A (RESTful) “specialized” service in brief
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• The “Solar potential” in brief:
– Routing calculation based on green preferences (avoid most crowded routes, use public transportation, minimize fuel consumption).
– This service provides routes calculated for different types of vehicles (depending on user preference for maximum distances) so to let users to select “zero emission” instead of bus or private car. CO2 equivalent emissions will be based on available data and statistics provided by the European Environmental Agency (EEA, 2015).
Another (WPS) “specialized” service …
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Another (WPS) “specialized” service …
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• Some other pilots (e.g. Turku) require processing services as “green” route calculation based on green preferences (avoid most crowded routes, use public transportation, minimize fuel consumption).
Example – Transport
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• The “Green preferences” service provides routes calculation for different types of vehicles (depending on user preference for maximum distances) so to let users to choose “zero emission” instead of bus or private car.
• CO2 equivalent emissions are based on data provided by the European Environmental Agency (EEA, 2015).
A (RESTful) “green routing” service in brief
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Green routing service in brief …
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Components (Specialized Services)
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Specialized services are “pilot-driven” services tightly coupled to the detailed
requirements coming from pilot partners in terms of data processing and user
engagement.
The overarching objective of the specialized services is to provide common re-
usable functionalities among the “Green Energy” and “Underground” scenarios.
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If You Can't Measure It, You Can't Improve It
William Thomson, Lord Kelvin
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Piergiorgio Cipriano Business Analyst – Public Sector & Utilities
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The GeoSmartCity
Hub
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The idea
Imagine that, in few years, all European cities will share geographic information being really interoperable, with the same semantic, encoding and licenses. We started with the idea of a “hub” where to provide data related to “energy” and “underground” being interoperable as open&harmonized data.
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The Hub concept
GeoSmartCity “Hub” is a software and hardware platform to catalogue, store, and make data available through standard APIs and protocols. The software components (open source) expose interfaces for integrating, visualizing, analyzing and processing spatial and non-spatial data sources, allowing users to upload or connect their data sources, configure maps and publish data through a web based user interface.
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• Standard-based open services
– OGC & INSPIRE (CSW, WMS, WFS, WCS, WPS, SOS)
– INSPIRE Data Specifications (extended)
– Well-documented APIs for open data and geospatial
• Reuse of INSPIRE reference platform
– INSPIRE Registry
• Based on outcomes of other projects, e.g.
– eENVplus - http://www.eenvplus.eu/
– Sunshine - http://www.sunshineproject.eu/
Design of scenario data service
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Components
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Components (Data Catalogue)
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Components (Data Portal)
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The importance of being … ‘well described’
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Components (Validation Service)
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‘BUILDINGS’ SQL for
Oracle / PostGIS (tables, codelists,
constraints)
The importance of being … ‘harmonized’
INSPIRE extended GML datasets
WFS
SHP, XLS, CSV, ORACLE, POSTGIS, …
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• To facilitate pilots to harmonize their own data, a double-step approach has been proposed:
– 1st transformation into a pseudo-INSPIRE SQL database ( “Buildings” only), structured for creating target databases on pilots’ premises (Reggio, Oeiras, Marousi)
– 2nd transformation from pseudo-INSPIRE SQL db into GSC (INSPIRE extended) GML compliant datasets
• SQL structures are based on extended INSPIRE data model
The importance of being … ‘harmonized’
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The importance of being … ‘harmonized’
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Components (Codelist Registry)
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http://hub.geosmartcity.eu/registry/codelist/CurrentUseValue/publicServices/
The importance of being … ‘INSPIRed’
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Components (Specialized Services)
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Specialized services are public on Github